2015 Thalys train attack: Difference between revisions
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==Involved passengers== |
==Involved passengers== |
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*'''Damien A.''', a 28-year-old Frenchman working as a banker.<ref name="Telegraph23Aug15DB"/> The first passenger to tackle the gunman, he wishes to remain anonymous.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11819824/France-train-attack-Mark-Moogalian-named-as-French-hero-who-foiled-attack-by-Moroccan-terrorist-Ayoub-El-Khazzani-live.html |title=French hero's wife: 'He looked at me and said, ‘I’m hit.‘ He thought he was going to die' - live |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |author=Raziye Akkoc |date=24 August 2015 |accessdate=24 August 2015 |quote=The 28-year-old French banker known only as "Damien A" was the first person to tackle the gunman, but does not want to be named}}</ref> |
*'''Damien A.''', a 28-year-old Frenchman working as a banker.<ref name="Telegraph23Aug15DB"/> The first passenger to tackle the gunman, he wishes to remain anonymous.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11819824/France-train-attack-Mark-Moogalian-named-as-French-hero-who-foiled-attack-by-Moroccan-terrorist-Ayoub-El-Khazzani-live.html |title=French hero's wife: 'He looked at me and said, ‘I’m hit.‘ He thought he was going to die' - live |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |author=Raziye Akkoc |date=24 August 2015 |accessdate=24 August 2015 |quote=The 28-year-old French banker known only as "Damien A" was the first person to tackle the gunman, but does not want to be named}}</ref> |
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*'''Jean-Hugues Anglade''', a 60-year-old French actor in another carriage. He received a hand injury as a result of breaking |
*'''Jean-Hugues Anglade''', a 60-year-old French actor who was riding in another carriage at the time of the shooting. He received a hand injury as a result of breaking emergency glass.<ref name="match"/> |
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*'''Mark Moogalian''', a 51-year-old French and American man<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/5th-paris-train-hero-id-french-american-professor-article-1.2335351|title=3 Americans and Brit honored in France as 5th train hero is identified as French-American professor|work=The New York Daily News|date=26 August 2015|accessdate=26 August 2015|first=Meg|last=Wagner|first2=Leonard|last2=Greene}}</ref> who teaches at the [[Sorbonne]].<ref name="Telegraph23Aug15DB" /> He wrestled the rifle away from the gunman.<ref name="Yahoo.Ready"/><ref name="Telegraph23Aug15DB" /><ref name="guard"/><ref name="telegraph foil live"/><ref name=":0"/> He sustained a non-fatal gunshot |
*'''Mark Moogalian''', a 51-year-old French and American man<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/5th-paris-train-hero-id-french-american-professor-article-1.2335351|title=3 Americans and Brit honored in France as 5th train hero is identified as French-American professor|work=The New York Daily News|date=26 August 2015|accessdate=26 August 2015|first=Meg|last=Wagner|first2=Leonard|last2=Greene}}</ref> who teaches at the [[Sorbonne]].<ref name="Telegraph23Aug15DB" /> He wrestled the rifle away from the gunman.<ref name="Yahoo.Ready"/><ref name="Telegraph23Aug15DB" /><ref name="guard"/><ref name="telegraph foil live"/><ref name=":0"/> He sustained a non-fatal gunshot wound to the neck that required emergency surgery at [[Lille]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/24/europe/france-train-shooting/index.html|title=Train heroes 'gave us an example of what is possible,' says French President|work=CNN|date=25 August 2015|accessdate=25 August 2015|first=Ralph|last=Ellis|first2=Faith|last2=Karimi|first3=Ashley|last3=Fantz|first4=Nic|last4=Robertson}}</ref> |
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*'''Chris Norman''', a 62-year-old British businessman who helped subdue the gunman.<ref name="auto6"/> |
*'''Chris Norman''', a 62-year-old British businessman who helped subdue the gunman.<ref name="auto6"/> |
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*'''Anthony Sadler''',<ref name="sacbee.com"/> a 23-year-old American man and student at [[California State University, Sacramento]] in his senior year. He is former high school classmate of Stone.<ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/> |
*'''Anthony Sadler''',<ref name="sacbee.com"/> a 23-year-old American man and student at [[California State University, Sacramento]] in his senior year. He is former high school classmate of Stone.<ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/> |
Revision as of 05:13, 28 August 2015
2015 Thalys attack | |
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![]() The attack took place on a Thalys train similar to this one. | |
Location | On board Thalys train n°9364 in Oignies, Pas-de-Calais, France. |
Date | 21 August 2015 17:45 (CEST) |
Attack type | Attempted mass shooting |
Weapons |
|
Deaths | 0 |
Injured | 5 (4 directly, including the perpetrator) |
Defenders | Damien A., Mark Moogalian, Spencer Stone, Anthony Sadler, Alek Skarlatos, and Chris Norman |
The 2015 Thalys attack was an attempted mass shooting that took place on 21 August 2015 on a Thalys train passing through Oignies, Pas-de-Calais, France.[6][7] The train was traveling from Amsterdam to Paris via Brussels when the perpetrator opened fire in a train carriage before being subdued by passengers. Including the assailant, five people were injured, none fatally.[8] The incident is believed by French police to be an Islamist terrorist attack, although the gunman claimed the motivation was robbery due to hunger.[9][10] Four people who subdued the attacker have received a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur, while two others will receive this award at a later date (see below).
Attack
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Karte_Thalys.svg/300px-Karte_Thalys.svg.png)
At approximately 17:45 (5:45 p.m.) on 21 August, on Thalys train 9364[11] traveling from Amsterdam to Paris, a 26-year-old Moroccan man, reportedly identified as Ayoub El-Kahzzani,[5][12][13][14][15] was exiting the toilets on train car No. 12, reportedly as soon as the train passed the border into France.[16] He was shirtless[17] and armed with an AKM assault rifle,[2] for which he had nine magazines and a total of 270 rounds of ammunition. He was also carrying a bottle of petrol.[4][15][18]
A 28-year-old French banker, only known as "Damien A.", was heading to the toilet as the armed gunman was exiting.[12] Damien A. attempted to restrain or disarm the gunman but in the ensuing struggle lost his balance and fell to the floor. A French and American academic professor working at the Sorbonne, 51-year-old Mark Moogalian,[12] then attempted to wrest the rifle from the gunman, who then drew an automatic 9mm Luger pistol.[1][2][19] Moogalian was shot through the back of the neck; critically injured, he played dead.[12][14][20][21][22] According to Agnès Ogier, the director of Thalys, another bullet grazed the train's conductor.[16] The assailant also tried to shoot his rifle, but it jammed.[14]
The gunman was then tackled and subdued by a group of three American friends, two of them off-duty members of the U.S. Armed Forces.[20][23][24] They were identified as 23-year-old United States Air Force Airman First Class Spencer Stone of the 65th Air Base Group;[25] 23-year-old Sacramento State senior Anthony Sadler;[26][27] and Alek Skarlatos, a 22-year-old Oregon Army National Guard Specialist on holiday after deployment in Afghanistan.[19][28][29][30] Sadler told CNN that when the gunman opened fire, Skarlatos yelled "Get him!" after which "Spencer immediately gets up to charge the guy, followed by Alek, then myself."[11] In an interview with Sky News, Skarlatos added that they had been lucky that the attacker's rifle had jammed.[31]
Stone was reportedly the first one to attack the gunman and was slashed multiple times while trying to subdue him, sustaining injuries at the head and neck. Stone put him in the chokehold, holding on though the assailant was cutting him with a box cutter, nearly severing his thumb.[3] Skarlatos seized the assailant's rifle[16] and beat him in the head with the muzzle of it until he was unconscious.[32] A British passenger, 62-year-old businessman Chris Norman,[33] and an unidentified Frenchman[34] came to their aid to hold the gunman down. They used Norman's T-shirt to tie his arms behind his back.[13]
They then helped Moogalian, who was losing a lot of blood through his gunshot wound.[21] Stone initially tried to wrap his shirt around the wound, despite having an injured hand and cut eye. However, he realized it was not going to work and instead stuck two of his fingers down Moogalian's wound, found the carotid artery, and pushed down, which stopped the bleeding.[35]
A video made with a cellphone shows the alleged perpetrator immobile, lying hogtied on the floor of the train, and blood visible on the windows and seats.[11]
As the attack took place, the train, which was carrying 554 passengers,[8] was passing Oignies in the Pas-de-Calais department.[36] It was rerouted to the station of nearby Arras. Moogalian was airlifted to the University Hospital in Lille, while Stone later underwent surgery on his injured hand.[9]
Account of Jean-Hugues Anglade
Jean-Hugues Anglade, a French actor traveling with his partner and children in the No. 11 car (the last car before the rear engine), was critical of the train crew for locking themselves in the engine car and not coming to the aid of passengers. Anglade told Paris Match that they heard gunshots and screaming in the next car, after which several crew members rushed past them to the engine car, opened it with a special key and locked themselves inside. Anglade, who cut his hand when he broke the glass to trigger the alarm, said he saw the gunman through the door between the cars. He described feeling that they were all going to die, and said:[37]
It was impossible to escape from this nightmare. We were trapped in a mousetrap! It's a terrifying feeling of helplessness.
Anglade stated that the dozen passengers in his car were pressed against the engine car door, banging on it and begging the crew to open it:
We shouted for staff to let us in, we were yelling, 'Open up!' in vain.... Nobody responded to us. Not a squeak. This abandonment — so much distress, loneliness — it was terrible and unbearable! For us it was inhuman. The minutes seemed like hours.
Anglade stated that Anthony Sadler came into their car searching for blankets and a first aid kit for the wounded, and told them the assailant had been subdued. Sadler also banged on the door of the engine car to no avail, said Anglade, who expressed his gratitude:[37]
We are shocked, but we are alive, and that's the point. We were in the wrong place, but with the right people. It's a miracle. We were incredibly lucky to have these American soldiers. I want to pay tribute to their heroic courage and thank them; without them we'd all be dead.
Anglade's claims of "abandonment" by the crew were denied by the Thalys corporation.[16] Agnès Ogier, director-general of Thalys, defended the train employees, who she said "have fulfilled their duty" and were unaware the terrorist had been subdued.[38] She also reported that a male employee took five or six passengers with him while seeking shelter in the baggage car.[39] Guillaume Pepy, president of the SNCF, stated that he would personally meet with Anglade to discuss his complaints.[40] According to Le Point, Anglade's account of the events is dubious as alarms in Thalys trains are not protected by glass and therefore he could not have cut his hand when triggering the alarm.[41]
Suspect
Ayoub El Kahzzani (born 3 September 1989,[39] also spelled El Kahzani or el-Qahzzani),[42][43] a 25-year-old man from Morocco, was identified as the suspected assailant by French and Spanish authorities. He carried no identification but was identified through his fingerprints.[42] Prior to the attempted attack, he had resided in Aubervilliers, Seine-Saint-Denis, France, since 2014.[44] El Kahzzani was originally from Tétouan in northern Morocco,[45] and moved to Spain in 2007 after his father managed to legalise his status there two years previously.[46] He boarded the train in Brussels.[47] He was an employee at the mobile phone operator firm Lycamobile for two months in early 2014 before leaving due to not having the right work papers.[48]
El Kahzzani was apparently known to French authorities and had been tagged with a "fiche S" (S file), the highest "warning" level for French state security. He had been similarly profiled by Belgian, Spanish, and German[49] authorities. El Kahzzani had reportedly lived in the Spanish cities of Madrid and Algeciras[50] from 2007 to March 2014.[42] During his time in Spain, he attracted the attention of authorities after making speeches defending jihad, attending a known radical mosque, and being involved in drug trafficking.[48][49] He then moved to France, at which time the Spanish authorities informed the French of their suspicions.[42] However, French Interior Minister Bernard Cazeneuve claimed that he moved to Belgium first in 2015.[45] He had reportedly spent time between May and July[17] in Syria before moving to France.[5][42]
Motives
According to prosecutor François Molins, Khazzani listened to a "YouTube audio file in which the individual exhorted his followers to raise arms and fight in the name of the prophet" and that his Internet reading history showed "clear evidence of terrorist intent."[51] Prosecutors found the files on his phone, which they say he listened to immediately prior to the attack.[4]
Sophie David, a lawyer initially assigned to his case but no longer representing him, said that El Kahzzani says he was homeless because his ID was stolen, that he slept in a Brussels park where he found a suitcase containing the rifle and the pistol, and that he had no intention to massacre the passengers but planned to rob them so he could get food. He denies firing a single shot and was said to not have any firearms training.[10][20][52][53] However, authorities said El Kahzzani's explanations became less plausible with each questioning and he had eventually stopped talking to investigators.[4][54] On 23 August, Belgian authorities began investigating if El Kahzzani had an accomplice.[55]
Possible source of weapons
In January 2015, French security officials determined that Amedy Coulibaly, one of the gunmen in the 2015 Île-de-France attacks, purchased automatic weapons and a rocket launcher from Belgian gangs,[56] allegedly in a black market near Gare du Midi, the station that the gunman in the Thalys attack boarded from.[57][58]
The anti-terror operation in Belgium after the attacks in France attempted to discover criminal networks of weapons smuggling.[59] Stockpiles of Kalashnikov rifles were found in Verviers, Liège, where two suspects who had traveled to Syria were killed in a shootout with police.[60] Liège was the site of a 2011 attack that killed six people and wounded hundreds of others. French newspaper La Voix du Nord says that the gunman in the Thalys attack may have had connections to groups targeted by the counter-terror operation, and authorities are investigating the link.[42]
Legal proceedings
Numerous preliminary charges are expected to be filed against El Kahzzani, including attempted murder in connection with terrorism, possession of weapons in connection with terrorism, and participation in a terrorism conspiracy.[2] Attempted murder charges were filed on 25 August.[61]
Involved passengers
- Damien A., a 28-year-old Frenchman working as a banker.[12] The first passenger to tackle the gunman, he wishes to remain anonymous.[62]
- Jean-Hugues Anglade, a 60-year-old French actor who was riding in another carriage at the time of the shooting. He received a hand injury as a result of breaking emergency glass.[37]
- Mark Moogalian, a 51-year-old French and American man[63] who teaches at the Sorbonne.[12] He wrestled the rifle away from the gunman.[19][12][14][20][21] He sustained a non-fatal gunshot wound to the neck that required emergency surgery at Lille.[64]
- Chris Norman, a 62-year-old British businessman who helped subdue the gunman.[33]
- Anthony Sadler,[65] a 23-year-old American man and student at California State University, Sacramento in his senior year. He is former high school classmate of Stone.[26][27]
- Alek Skarlatos, a 22-year-old American man who is an Oregon Army National Guard Specialist who was on holiday after deployment in Afghanistan. He and Spencer Stone are former childhood neighbors and classmates in middle school[65] and part of high school.[19][28][29][30]
- Spencer Stone,[65] a 23-year-old American man serving as a Airman First Class in the US Air Force. At the time, Stone was on leave from the 65th Air Base Wing.[25] He sustained stab wounds, including to the right eye, and was treated in a hospital in Lesquin, near Lille. He was also nominated for the United States Air Force highest non-combat award, the Airman's Medal.
Norman, Sadler, Skarlatos, and Stone were awarded the Legion of Honour, while Damian A. and Moogalian will receive the honor at a later date.[66]
Reactions
France: The Americans and Norman were hailed as "true heroes" and received medals for bravery from the mayor of Arras, Frédéric Leturque.[20][67] French president François Hollande and Interior Minister Bernard Cazeneuve praised them for their bravery.[8] Stone, Skarlatos, Sadler, and Norman were each made a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur (Knight of the Legion of Honour) on 24 August. Moogalian, an off-duty French train driver, and a French passenger who wished to remain anonymous are to receive the honor later.[68][69]
Belgium: Belgian Prime Minister Charles Michel condemned the terrorist attack and expressed his sympathy for the victims.[70] "We have opened an inquiry under the anti-terrorism law ... as the suspect boarded the train in Brussels," Eric Van der Sypt, a spokesman for the prosecutor's office, said.[71]
Netherlands: Freedom Party leader Geert Wilders said that the parliament should be recalled and the terrorism debate scheduled for early September should be brought forward. He added that he wants the government to have more security. Labour MP Jeroen Recourt said extra security for stations and other busy places would be a form of sham safety, stating, "You cannot secure everything."[72]
United Kingdom: British Prime Minister David Cameron praised the "extraordinary courage" of those involved in taking down the attacker.[8]
United States: The White House expressed gratitude for the "courage and quick thinking of several passengers, including U.S. service members, who selflessly subdued the attacker... It is clear that their heroic actions may have prevented a far worse tragedy."[11] U.S. President Barack Obama called the three Americans on 22 August to personally thank them for their bravery.[73] General Philip M. Breedlove of the U.S. European Command in Stuttgart, Germany, added his voice to others calling the three Americans heroes for their actions, which "clearly illustrate the courage and commitment our young men and women have all the time, whether they are on duty or on leave."[74]
Security
In response to the attack, the Belgian government decided to increase patrols of Belgian police on Thalys trains and increase baggage checks.[75] Belgian Prime Minister Charles Michel called for urgent talks with France, Germany and the Netherlands on increasing security on cross-border trains.[76] The European Commission said that the Schengen treaty is non-negotiable, and that increased security checks cannot include border checks.[77] European Union officials are now considering introducing metal detectors and body scans at all train stations, along with an increase in CCTV cameras inside trains.[78]
Koen Geens, the Belgian Minister of Justice called for increased collaboration within the EU on arms trafficking.[79] Geens said "I do not believe that these weapons are of Belgian origin" and "here are far too many illegal Kalashnikovs and [military surplus] arriving in Belgium from Eastern Europe."[80] He called for more effective arms control outside the Schengen zone, and flagged increased police powers against weapons traffickers.[81]
See also
- 2015 anti-terrorism operations in Belgium
- 2015 Île-de-France attacks
- 2015 Copenhagen shootings
- Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting
- Saint-Quentin-Fallavier attack
References
- ^ a b "Attentat dans un Thalys: Le scénario de l'attaque déjouée minute par minute [Attack in Thalys: The scenario of the foiled attack minute by minute]". 20 minutes (in French). 22 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Suspect in France train shooting watched jihadi video prior to attack, French authorities say". FOX News. 25 August 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ a b Mikelbank, Peter (22 August 2015). "'Wrong Place, Right People': U.S. Servicemen, Passengers Speak Out after Foiling Possible Terror Attack on European Train". People. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b c d "France train shooting: Attack 'was well prepared'". BBC News. 25 August 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ a b c "Tirs dans un Thalys : ce que l'on sait du suspect [What is known about the suspect in the foiled Thalys attack]". Le Monde (in French). 21 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ "Des militaires américains évitent un carnage dans un Thalys reliant Amsterdam à Paris [American soldiers avoid bloodshed in a Thalys train from Amsterdam to Paris]". Le Monde (in French). 21 August 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
- ^ Landauro, Inti; Schechner, Sam (21 August 2015). "Three Wounded in Attack on French Train". WSJ. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
- ^ a b c d "France train shooting: Three hurt and man arrested". BBC News. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
- ^ a b Newmark, Zack (21 August 2015). "Three hurt in Amsterdam-to-Paris train "terrorist attack"". NL Times. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
- ^ a b Marine Pennetier and Catherine MacDonald (23 August 2015). "French train gunman 'dumbfounded' by terrorist tag". Reuters. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ a b c d "2 members of U.S. military stop Islamist attacker on train in Belgium". CNN. 21 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g Barrett, David (23 August 2015). "Revealed: The mystery man who tackled AK-47 assault rifle from train gunman". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ a b Suc, Matthieu (22 August 2015). "Attaque dans le Thalys : " J'ai levé la tête et j'ai vu un gars avec un AK-47 " [Attack on the Thalys: "I looked up and I saw a bloke with an AK-47"]". Le Monde (in French). Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b c d "US student tells of his attack on French train gunman". The Guardian. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b Gray, Melissa; Meilhan, Pierre (22 August 2015). "Americans who thwarted train attack praised for 'exceptional courage'". CNN. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b c d Baker, Keiligh; Baker, Darren (22 August 2015). "Crew on Paris-bound train 'barricaded themselves in their staffroom and locked the door as Kalashnikov-wielding terrorist went on the rampage – leaving PASSENGERS to take him down'". Daily Mail. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b "France awards 3 lifelong American friends, Briton for stopping train attack". CNN. 24 August 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
- ^ Krisnadev, Calamur (24 August 2015). "How France Is Rewarding Three Americans Who Thwarted a Gunman on a Train". The Atlantic. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
- ^ a b c d Ganley, Elaine (23 August 2015). "US airman says train attacker 'ready to fight to the end'". Yahoo! News. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ a b c d e "'I realised the only way to survive was to go for him' – British hero describes moment he and three Americans beat up train terrorist". The Telegraph. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b c "France: 3 Americans subdue gunman on high-speed train". Associated Press. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ "Train shooting victim played dead before gunman was overpowered". CBS News. 26 August 2015. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
- ^ "Deux blessés par balle dans un Thalys reliant Amsterdam à Paris" (in French). Le Monde/AFP. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help) - ^ "French official: 2 Americans subdued train gunman". Washington Post. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
- ^ a b "Lajes Field Airman, fellow travelers stop attack on French train". USAFE AFs Africa Public Affairs. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Relatives proud of 3 Americans who subdued gunman on train". Associated Press. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
- ^ a b "France high-speed train shooting: Aftermath of attack". The Telegraph. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b "U.S. soldier wounded helping to overpower gunman on train in France". Reuters. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b "French train shooting: Brit helped restrain gunman as US soldier reveals how he thwarted attack". Daily Mirror. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b "Attaque du Thalys : sans eux " nous serions tous morts "" (in French). Le Monde. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help) - ^ "US Soldier: How We Stopped Train Gunman". Sky News. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ "A Shot, a Glimpse of an AK-47, and U.S. Servicemen Pounced on Gunman on Train to France". The New York Times. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ a b "Europe – Briton who helped stop French train attack says 'no hero'". France 24. 7 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ "Briton who helped stop French train attack says, 'I'm no hero'". France 24. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ Callus, Andrew (23 August 2015). "U.S. airman in French train shooting plugged passenger wound with fingers". Reuters. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ Adam Nossiter (22 August 2015). "A Shot, a Glimpse of an AK-47, and U.S. Servicemen Pounced on Gunman on Train". The New York Times. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ a b c Blachere, Emilie (22 August 2015). "Anglade: 'Rendre hommage à leur courage héroïque' [Anglade: Honor their heroic courage]". Paris Match (in French). Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ Jamet, Constance (22 August 2015). "Jean-Hugues Anglade s'insurge contre le personnel du TGV, Thalys répond [Jean-Hugues Anglade rebels against the staff of the TGV, Thalys answers]". Le Figaro (in French). Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ a b "France train shooting: What we know". BBC News. 24 August 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
- ^ "Attaque dans le Thalys : Guillaume Pépy va rencontrer Jean-Hugues Anglade [Attack in Thalys: Guillaume Pepy will meet Jean-Hugues Anglade]". Le Monde (in French). 22 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ "Jean-Hugues Anglade : l'indécence ! [Jean-Hugues Anglade : indecency !]". Le Point. 25 August 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f "France train gunman identified as Islamist militant". Reuters. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ "Qui est Ayoub El Kahzzani, le suspect de l'attentat du train Thalys Amsterdam-Paris? [Ayoub El Kahzzani: Who is the suspect in the train bombing Thalys Amsterdam-Paris?]". L'Indépendant (Pyrénées-Orientales) (in French). 22 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Thalys : El-Khazzani mis en examen et écroué pour une attaque « ciblée et préméditée »". Le Monde (in French). 25 August 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ a b "France train shooting: Gunman known to police". BBC News. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ Badcock, James; Barrett, David (23 August 2015). "Terrorist's father speaks for the first time". The Telegraph. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ Chrisafis, Angelique (22 August 2015). "France train attack: Americans overpower gunman on Paris express". The Guardian.
- ^ a b Tomlinson, Simon; Wyke, Tom (25 August 2015). "Blindfolded and barefoot, the French train terrorist who 'watched a jihadi video' minutes before attack was foiled by hero passengers". Daily Mail. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ a b Barriaux, Marianne; Froissart, Pauline (23 August 2015). "French investigators quiz 'dumbfounded' gunman". Yahoo! News. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ "El autor del atentado contra el tren Ámsterdam-París vivió en Algeciras [The author of the attack on the Amsterdam-Paris train lived in Algeciras]". El País (in Spanish). 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ Izadi, Elahe (25 August 2015). "Suspect in high-speed train attack had 'terrorist intent,' French officials say". Washington Post. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ "France train gunman 'dumbfounded' by terrorism allegations, lawyer says". ABC Online. 23 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ "US airman credits gut instinct for subduing train gunman". Belfast Telegraph. 23 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ "France train suspect watched jihadi video, prosecutor says". Yahoo! News. 25 August 2015. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
- ^ Ing, Nancy; Grimson, Matthew (23 August 2015). "Suspected Train Attacker Ayoub El Khazzani Probed for Links to 'Broader Framework'". NBC News. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ "Paris attack guns 'bought by Amedy Coulibaly in Belgium'". Telegraph.co.uk. 14 January 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ "Belgian market deals in death". The New Zealand Herald. 24 August 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ "French train attack: Belgian station is close to notorious weapons supply line". Telegraph.co.uk. 23 August 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ "2 Dead, 1 Wounded In Belgian Anti-Terror Operation". NPR.org. 15 January 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ "Focus turns to Belgium security after high-speed train attack". RFI. 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ Randolph, Eric (25 August 2015). "Moroccan charged with terror attack on French train". Yahoo! News. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ Raziye Akkoc (24 August 2015). "French hero's wife: 'He looked at me and said, 'I'm hit.' He thought he was going to die' - live". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
The 28-year-old French banker known only as "Damien A" was the first person to tackle the gunman, but does not want to be named
- ^ Wagner, Meg; Greene, Leonard (26 August 2015). "3 Americans and Brit honored in France as 5th train hero is identified as French-American professor". The New York Daily News. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
- ^ Ellis, Ralph; Karimi, Faith; Fantz, Ashley; Robertson, Nic (25 August 2015). "Train heroes 'gave us an example of what is possible,' says French President". CNN. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ a b c Sangree, Hudson (23 August 2015). "Carmichael childhood, faith unite friends who stopped train attack". The Sacramento Bee. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
- ^ Chrisafis, Angelique; Kassam, Ashifa (24 August 2015). "French train attack men given Légion d'honneur for 'preventing massacre'". The Guardian. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
- ^ "Le courage des héros américains et britanniques du Thalys salué après l'attaque [The courage of the American and British heroes in Thalys commended after the attack]". FranceTV (in French). 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- ^ "Les hommes qui ont maîtrisé le tireur du Thalys seront décorés de la Légion d'honneur [Men who have mastered the Thalys shooter will be awarded the Legion of Honour]". Le Figaro (in French). 23 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
- ^ "French train attack men given Légion d'honneur for 'preventing massacre'". The Guardian. 24 August 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
- ^ "Belgischer Premier spricht von Terrorangriff [Belgian Prime Minister speaks of terror attack]". Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (in German). 21 August 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
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{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Hughes, Chris (25 August 2015). "French train shooting: Gunman in bare feet with bandaged eyes in court appearance". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ^ "Voilà comment Koen Geens entend lutter contre le trafic d'armes [How Koen Geens intends to fight arms trafficking]". 7s7 (in French). 24 August 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
- ^ Chardon, Frédéric (23 August 2015). "Koen Geens veut lutter contre le trafic d'armes vers la Belgique [Koen Geens wants to fight against the trafficking of arms to Belgium". LaLibre.be (in French). Retrieved 25 August 2015.
"Mais il est évident qu'il y a beaucoup trop de kalachnikovs illégales et démilitarisées qui arrivent en Belgique en provenance d'Europe de l'Est", poursuit Koen Geens.
- ^ "Attentat déjoué dans un Thalys : le ministre de la Justice avance 4 points d'action pour lutter contre le trafic d'armes [Attack foiled in a Thalys: the Minister of Justice puts forward 4 points of action to fight against arms trafficking]". lavenir.net (in French). 24 August 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
50°28′07.1″N 3°00′21.80″E / 50.468639°N 3.0060556°E