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==Biography==
==Biography==
Born in 1954 in [[Turín]], a town located in the [[Ahuachapán Department]], she was the daughter of a school teacher and a small tradeswoman. Graduated in 1972 in [[painting]], she was member of a student movement before to join the ''[[Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front#Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP)|Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo]]'' (ERP - People's Revolutionary Army),<ref>{{es icon}} [http://eltorogoz.net/erp.htm Origin and development of the ERP]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fmln-ny.org/historia/erp|title=fmln-ny.org&nbsp;-&nbsp;This website is for sale!&nbsp;-&nbsp;fmln-ny Resources and Information.|publisher=|accessdate=4 January 2017}}</ref> while promoting the incorporation of her sister [[Mercedes del Carmen Letona]] (nom de guerre ''Comandante Luisa'') who later became a responsible of [[Radio Venceremos]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ErXKWF5u7OMC&pg=PA188&lpg=PA188&dq=radio%20venceremos%20comandante%20luisa&source=bl&ots=SX7a7t3U-u&sig=w8afo_o6dQ1DoOXOHdmkqRzbsH8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JI6qT7qcO-6N4gTGkdhd&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=radio%20venceremos%20comandante%20luisa&f=false|title=The Social Documentary in Latin America|first=Julianne|last=Burton|date=15 September 1990|publisher=University of Pittsburgh Pre|accessdate=4 January 2017|via=Google Books}}</ref>
Born in 1954 in [[Turín]], a town located in the [[Ahuachapán Department]], she was the daughter of a school teacher and a small tradeswoman. Graduated in 1972 in [[painting]], she was member of a student movement before to join the ''[[Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front#Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP)|Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo]]'' (ERP - People's Revolutionary Army),<ref>{{es icon}} [http://eltorogoz.net/erp.htm Origin and development of the ERP]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fmln-ny.org/historia/erp |title=fmln-ny.org&nbsp;-&nbsp;This website is for sale!&nbsp;-&nbsp;fmln-ny Resources and Information. |publisher= |accessdate=4 January 2017 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104234640/http://www.fmln-ny.org/historia/erp |archivedate= 4 January 2017 |df= }}</ref> while promoting the incorporation of her sister [[Mercedes del Carmen Letona]] (nom de guerre ''Comandante Luisa'') who later became a responsible of [[Radio Venceremos]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ErXKWF5u7OMC&pg=PA188&lpg=PA188&dq=radio%20venceremos%20comandante%20luisa&source=bl&ots=SX7a7t3U-u&sig=w8afo_o6dQ1DoOXOHdmkqRzbsH8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JI6qT7qcO-6N4gTGkdhd&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=radio%20venceremos%20comandante%20luisa&f=false|title=The Social Documentary in Latin America|first=Julianne|last=Burton|date=15 September 1990|publisher=University of Pittsburgh Pre|accessdate=4 January 2017|via=Google Books}}</ref>


Since 1973, ''Clelia'' incorporated many workers of the factory "Cinturón Obrero" of [[San Salvador]], in the secret worker unit of the ERP. She joined the urban [[guerrilla]] and took part in armed actions and revolutionary propaganda. In January 1974, aged 19, she went underground to avoid persecutions and joined the armed struggle, where she partecipe to the construction of the ''[[Partido de la Revolución Salvadoreña]]'' (PRS-ERP - Salvadoran Revolution Party,<ref>[http://www.marxists.org/espanol/tematica/elsalvador/archivo/prs-erp/index.htm Documentary archive of PRS-ERP] at [[Marxists Internet Archive]]</ref> one of the founding subjects of the [[Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front|FMLN]])<ref>{{es icon}} [http://www.fmln.org.sv/oficial/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=231&Itemid=56 History of FMLN (from the official FMLN website)]</ref> becoming a member of its central committee in 1977. As member of it, she was responsible for the party and participated in the preparation of the general offensive of 1981 around the city of [[San Salvador]], when she was captured of February 11.
Since 1973, ''Clelia'' incorporated many workers of the factory "Cinturón Obrero" of [[San Salvador]], in the secret worker unit of the ERP. She joined the urban [[guerrilla]] and took part in armed actions and revolutionary propaganda. In January 1974, aged 19, she went underground to avoid persecutions and joined the armed struggle, where she partecipe to the construction of the ''[[Partido de la Revolución Salvadoreña]]'' (PRS-ERP - Salvadoran Revolution Party,<ref>[http://www.marxists.org/espanol/tematica/elsalvador/archivo/prs-erp/index.htm Documentary archive of PRS-ERP] at [[Marxists Internet Archive]]</ref> one of the founding subjects of the [[Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front|FMLN]])<ref>{{es icon}} [http://www.fmln.org.sv/oficial/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=231&Itemid=56 History of FMLN (from the official FMLN website)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204210121/http://www.fmln.org.sv/oficial/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=231&Itemid=56 |date=2012-02-04 }}</ref> becoming a member of its central committee in 1977. As member of it, she was responsible for the party and participated in the preparation of the general offensive of 1981 around the city of [[San Salvador]], when she was captured of February 11.


For 22 days ''Clelia'' stayed on condition of ''[[Forced disappearance|desaparecida]]'' in a clandestine prisons of the ''[[National Civil Police of El Salvador|Policía Nacional]]'' (National Police), wheres she was found by the [[International Committee of the Red Cross|International Red Cross]] and transferred to the women's prison of [[Ilopango]]. She was released in June 1983 by an amnesty decreed by the government of [[Álvaro Magaña]]. After it, she joined the north-eastern military front ''Francisco Sánchez'' of the FMLN. Two months later she died in battle.
For 22 days ''Clelia'' stayed on condition of ''[[Forced disappearance|desaparecida]]'' in a clandestine prisons of the ''[[National Civil Police of El Salvador|Policía Nacional]]'' (National Police), wheres she was found by the [[International Committee of the Red Cross|International Red Cross]] and transferred to the women's prison of [[Ilopango]]. She was released in June 1983 by an amnesty decreed by the government of [[Álvaro Magaña]]. After it, she joined the north-eastern military front ''Francisco Sánchez'' of the FMLN. Two months later she died in battle.
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==Media==
==Media==
*A 1985 song of the Salvadoran singer [[Eduardo Cutumay Camones]] was named ''Comandante Clelia''. The song is part of the album ''[[Por Eso Luchamos]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.folkways.si.edu/TrackDetails.aspx?itemid=27130|title=Smithsonian Folkways|publisher=|accessdate=4 January 2017}}</ref>
*A 1985 song of the Salvadoran singer [[Eduardo Cutumay Camones]] was named ''Comandante Clelia''. The song is part of the album ''[[Por Eso Luchamos]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.folkways.si.edu/TrackDetails.aspx?itemid=27130|title=Smithsonian Folkways|publisher=|accessdate=4 January 2017}}</ref>
*The 1984 documentary film ''[[Commander Clelia: Political Prisoner]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.twn.org/catalog/pages/cpage.aspx?rec=835&card=price|title=Commander Clelia: Political Prisoner|publisher=|accessdate=4 January 2017}}</ref> is based on the interviews of 5 women, included Lilian Letona, imprisoned in the Salvadoran women's prison of [[Ilopango]]<ref>[http://www.mediarights.org/film/Commander_Clelia_Political_Prisoner Infos at mediarights.org]</ref>
*The 1984 documentary film ''[[Commander Clelia: Political Prisoner]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.twn.org/catalog/pages/cpage.aspx?rec=835&card=price|title=Commander Clelia: Political Prisoner|publisher=|accessdate=4 January 2017}}</ref> is based on the interviews of 5 women, included Lilian Letona, imprisoned in the Salvadoran women's prison of [[Ilopango]]<ref>[http://www.mediarights.org/film/Commander_Clelia_Political_Prisoner Infos at mediarights.org] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023133516/http://www.mediarights.org/film/commander_clelia_political_prisoner |date=2007-10-23 }}</ref>
*In a 1992 song of the Italian group [[Banda Bassotti]], named ''Figli della stessa rabbia'', the Commander Clelia was cited with other revolutionary marxists.<ref>{{it icon}} [http://angolotesti.leonardo.it/B/testi_canzoni_banda_bassotti_2263/testo_canzone_figli_della_stessa_rabbia_72562.html ''Figli della stessa rabbia'' lyrics]</ref> The song is part of the [[Figli della stessa rabbia|homonym album]]<ref>{{it icon}} [http://www.radiochango.com/italiano/dischi/Figli-della-Stessa-Rabbia.html ''Figli della stessa rabbia'': album details and track listing]</ref>
*In a 1992 song of the Italian group [[Banda Bassotti]], named ''Figli della stessa rabbia'', the Commander Clelia was cited with other revolutionary marxists.<ref>{{it icon}} [http://angolotesti.leonardo.it/B/testi_canzoni_banda_bassotti_2263/testo_canzone_figli_della_stessa_rabbia_72562.html ''Figli della stessa rabbia'' lyrics]</ref> The song is part of the [[Figli della stessa rabbia|homonym album]]<ref>{{it icon}} [http://www.radiochango.com/italiano/dischi/Figli-della-Stessa-Rabbia.html ''Figli della stessa rabbia'': album details and track listing]</ref>


Revision as of 20:44, 15 May 2017

Lilian Mercedes Letona
Born(1954-09-24)September 24, 1954
Turín, El Salvador
DiedAugust 1, 1983(1983-08-01) (aged 28)
? (El Salvador)
Occupation(s)Guerrilla, Political activist
Years active1972–1983
External image
image icon A picture of Lilian Mercedes Letona

Lilian Mercedes Letona (September 24, 1954 – August 1, 1983), was a Salvadoran guerrilla and communist revolutionary, member of the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN). Also known with her "nom de guerre" Comandante Clelia (Commander Clelia),[1] she took part in the Salvadoran Civil War.

Biography

Born in 1954 in Turín, a town located in the Ahuachapán Department, she was the daughter of a school teacher and a small tradeswoman. Graduated in 1972 in painting, she was member of a student movement before to join the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP - People's Revolutionary Army),[2][3] while promoting the incorporation of her sister Mercedes del Carmen Letona (nom de guerre Comandante Luisa) who later became a responsible of Radio Venceremos.[4]

Since 1973, Clelia incorporated many workers of the factory "Cinturón Obrero" of San Salvador, in the secret worker unit of the ERP. She joined the urban guerrilla and took part in armed actions and revolutionary propaganda. In January 1974, aged 19, she went underground to avoid persecutions and joined the armed struggle, where she partecipe to the construction of the Partido de la Revolución Salvadoreña (PRS-ERP - Salvadoran Revolution Party,[5] one of the founding subjects of the FMLN)[6] becoming a member of its central committee in 1977. As member of it, she was responsible for the party and participated in the preparation of the general offensive of 1981 around the city of San Salvador, when she was captured of February 11.

For 22 days Clelia stayed on condition of desaparecida in a clandestine prisons of the Policía Nacional (National Police), wheres she was found by the International Red Cross and transferred to the women's prison of Ilopango. She was released in June 1983 by an amnesty decreed by the government of Álvaro Magaña. After it, she joined the north-eastern military front Francisco Sánchez of the FMLN. Two months later she died in battle.

Media

See also

References

  1. ^ "myetymology.com - This website is for sale! - myetymology Resources and Information". Retrieved 4 January 2017. {{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help)
  2. ^ Template:Es icon Origin and development of the ERP
  3. ^ "fmln-ny.org - This website is for sale! - fmln-ny Resources and Information". Archived from the original on 4 January 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2017. {{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ Burton, Julianne (15 September 1990). "The Social Documentary in Latin America". University of Pittsburgh Pre. Retrieved 4 January 2017 – via Google Books.
  5. ^ Documentary archive of PRS-ERP at Marxists Internet Archive
  6. ^ Template:Es icon History of FMLN (from the official FMLN website) Archived 2012-02-04 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ "Smithsonian Folkways". Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  8. ^ "Commander Clelia: Political Prisoner". Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  9. ^ Infos at mediarights.org Archived 2007-10-23 at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ Template:It icon Figli della stessa rabbia lyrics
  11. ^ Template:It icon Figli della stessa rabbia: album details and track listing
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