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The '''Bougainnvillean presidential election of 2010''' was held in [[Autonomous Region of Bougainville|Bougainville]], an [[autonomous]] region of [[Papua New Guinea]]. The presidential contest was part of the overall [[Bougainvillean general election, 2010|general election on the island]]. Voting began on May 7, 2010, and ended May 24, 2010.<ref name=st>{{cite news |first=|last=|title= Forum Observer Mission to Bougainville Central Elections |url= http://www.solomontimes.com/news.aspx?nwID=5161|work=[[Solomon Times]]|publisher= |date=2010-05-07 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref> Final results for the election were announced on June 8, 2010.
The '''Bougainnvillean presidential election of 2010''' was held in [[Autonomous Region of Bougainville|Bougainville]], an [[autonomous]] region of [[Papua New Guinea]]. The presidential contest was part of the overall [[Bougainvillean general election, 2010|general election on the island]]. Voting began on May 7, 2010, and ended May 24, 2010.<ref name=st>{{cite news |first=|last=|title= Forum Observer Mission to Bougainville Central Elections |url= http://www.solomontimes.com/news.aspx?nwID=5161|work=[[Solomon Times]]|publisher= |date=2010-05-07 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref> Final results for the election were announced on June 8, 2010.


[[John Momis]], the former [[Governor of Bougainville]] and framer of the Papua New Guinean [[constitution]], defeated incumbent [[President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville|President]] [[James Tanis]] and five other challengers in the election.<ref name=rnzi>{{cite news |first=|last=|title= Momis confirmed as new President of Bougainville |url= http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=54051|work=[[Radio New Zealand International]]|publisher= |date=2010-06-08 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref><ref name=economist>{{cite news|first=|last=|title= Bougainville's new president, Halfway to freedom |url=http://www.economist.com/node/16321684?story_id=16321684&source=hptextfeature|work=[[The Economist]] |publisher=|date=2010-06-10 |accessdate=2010-06-15|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5qW3UfOQo|archivedate=2010-06-15|deadurl=no}}</ref>
[[John Momis]], the former [[Governor of Bougainville]] and framer of the Papua New Guinean [[constitution]], defeated incumbent [[President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville|President]] [[James Tanis]] and five other challengers in the election.<ref name=rnzi>{{cite news |first=|last=|title= Momis confirmed as new President of Bougainville |url= http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=54051|work=[[Radio New Zealand International]]|publisher= |date=2010-06-08 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref><ref name=economist>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Bougainville's new president, Halfway to freedom|url=http://www.economist.com/node/16321684?story_id=16321684&source=hptextfeature|work=[[The Economist]]|publisher=|date=2010-06-10|accessdate=2010-06-15|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5qW3UfOQo?url=http://www.economist.com/node/16321684?story_id=16321684|archivedate=2010-06-15|deadurl=no|df=}}</ref>


This was the third presidential election since a 2001 peace agreement. (The 2005 and 2010 elections were previously scheduled, while the special [[Bougainvillean presidential election, 2008|2008 presidential by-law election]] was held due to the death of former President [[Joseph Kabui]].)
This was the third presidential election since a 2001 peace agreement. (The 2005 and 2010 elections were previously scheduled, while the special [[Bougainvillean presidential election, 2008|2008 presidential by-law election]] was held due to the death of former President [[Joseph Kabui]].)
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Incumbent President [[James Tanis]], a former separatist leader in the [[Bougainville Revolutionary Army]], had been elected president in an early [[Bougainvillean presidential election, 2008|2008 presidential by-election]] following the unepected death of former President [[Joseph Kabui]] in June 2008. Kabui's death forced the [[by-election]] just 18 months before the scheduled presidential election in 2010.<ref name=abc2008>{{cite news |first=Steve|last=Marshall|title='Two Sams' face off as Bougainville goes to the polls|url= http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/12/05/2438890.htm|work=[[ABC News (Australia)]]|publisher= |date=2008-12-05 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref> Tanis was elected to serve as president for the remainder of Kabui's term. He sought re-election in 2010.
Incumbent President [[James Tanis]], a former separatist leader in the [[Bougainville Revolutionary Army]], had been elected president in an early [[Bougainvillean presidential election, 2008|2008 presidential by-election]] following the unepected death of former President [[Joseph Kabui]] in June 2008. Kabui's death forced the [[by-election]] just 18 months before the scheduled presidential election in 2010.<ref name=abc2008>{{cite news |first=Steve|last=Marshall|title='Two Sams' face off as Bougainville goes to the polls|url= http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/12/05/2438890.htm|work=[[ABC News (Australia)]]|publisher= |date=2008-12-05 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref> Tanis was elected to serve as president for the remainder of Kabui's term. He sought re-election in 2010.


Voter rolls were updated for the 2010 general election. 134,279 voters were registered to vote in the election.<ref name=ew2>{{cite news |first=|last=|title=Bougainvillean Voters Go To the Polls|url= http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/may/05-11-07.htm|work=[[Papua New Guinea Post-Courier]]|publisher=[[East West Center]] |date=2008-05-10 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref> According to the updated voter lists, [[North Bougainville]] had the highest number of eligible voters, with 57,979 registered voters;<ref name=ew2/> followed by 48,652 voters in [[South Bougainville]]<ref name=ew2/> and 27,648 voters in [[Central Bougainville]].<ref name=ew2/>
Voter rolls were updated for the 2010 general election. 134,279 voters were registered to vote in the election.<ref name=ew2>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Bougainvillean Voters Go To the Polls|url=http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/may/05-11-07.htm|work=[[Papua New Guinea Post-Courier]]|publisher=[[East West Center]]|date=2008-05-10|accessdate=2010-06-13|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616061127/http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/may/05-11-07.htm|archivedate=2011-06-16|df=}}</ref> According to the updated voter lists, [[North Bougainville]] had the highest number of eligible voters, with 57,979 registered voters;<ref name=ew2/> followed by 48,652 voters in [[South Bougainville]]<ref name=ew2/> and 27,648 voters in [[Central Bougainville]].<ref name=ew2/>


South Bougainville remains the most politically unstable region of the island, with fourteen separate, armed [[militia]]s operating in the area.<ref name=economist/> Violence in southern Bougainville had decreased during James Tanis' presidency.<ref name=economist/>
South Bougainville remains the most politically unstable region of the island, with fourteen separate, armed [[militia]]s operating in the area.<ref name=economist/> Violence in southern Bougainville had decreased during James Tanis' presidency.<ref name=economist/>


==Candidates==
==Candidates==
Seven candidates contested the 2010 presidential election, including incumbent James Tanis.<ref name=ew>{{cite news |first=Gorethy |last=Kenneth|title=Seven Candidates Vie for Bougainville President |url= http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/april/04-08-05.htm|work=[[Papua New Guinea Post-Courier]]|publisher=[[East West Center]] |date=2008-04-12 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref> The number was down significantly from the fourteen candidates who ran during the 2008 presidential by-election.<ref name=ew/>
Seven candidates contested the 2010 presidential election, including incumbent James Tanis.<ref name=ew>{{cite news |first=Gorethy |last=Kenneth |title=Seven Candidates Vie for Bougainville President |url=http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/april/04-08-05.htm |work=[[Papua New Guinea Post-Courier]] |publisher=[[East West Center]] |date=2008-04-12 |accessdate=2010-06-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616061122/http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/april/04-08-05.htm |archivedate=2011-06-16 |df= }}</ref> The number was down significantly from the fourteen candidates who ran during the 2008 presidential by-election.<ref name=ew/>


===List of candidates (alphabetical order)===
===List of candidates (alphabetical order)===
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*[[Reuben Siara]] - resident of Central Bougainville<ref name=ew/> Siara is a [[lawyer]] by profession.
*[[Reuben Siara]] - resident of Central Bougainville<ref name=ew/> Siara is a [[lawyer]] by profession.
*[[James Tanis]] - resident of Central Bougainville.<ref name=ew/> Tanis, the incumbent President of Bougainville first elected in 2008, was running for re-election to a full term. He was a former fighter and leader within the [[Bougainville Revolutionary Army]] during the civil war.
*[[James Tanis]] - resident of Central Bougainville.<ref name=ew/> Tanis, the incumbent President of Bougainville first elected in 2008, was running for re-election to a full term. He was a former fighter and leader within the [[Bougainville Revolutionary Army]] during the civil war.
*[[Magdalene Toroansi]] - resident of Central Bougainville.<ref name=ew/> Toroansi was the only female candidate in the 2010 presidential election.<ref name=ew/> She gave up her seat in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville parliament, a seat which had been specifically reserved for a woman, to contest the presidential election.<ref name=ew/> Toroansi had represented the Central Kieta constituency of Central Bougainville.<ref name=mvariety>{{cite news |first=Gorethy |last=Kenneth|title=Call for gender equality in Bougainville |url= http://www.mvariety.com/pacific-news/call-for-gender-equality-in-bougainville.php|work=[[Pacnews]]|publisher=[[Marianas Variety News & Views]] |date=2009-02-05 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref>
*[[Magdalene Toroansi]] - resident of Central Bougainville.<ref name=ew/> Toroansi was the only female candidate in the 2010 presidential election.<ref name=ew/> She gave up her seat in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville parliament, a seat which had been specifically reserved for a woman, to contest the presidential election.<ref name=ew/> Toroansi had represented the Central Kieta constituency of Central Bougainville.<ref name=mvariety>{{cite news |first=Gorethy |last=Kenneth |title=Call for gender equality in Bougainville |url=http://www.mvariety.com/pacific-news/call-for-gender-equality-in-bougainville.php |work=[[Pacnews]] |publisher=[[Marianas Variety News & Views]] |date=2009-02-05 |accessdate=2010-06-13 }}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


==Election results==
==Election results==
Early election returns predicted a tight race between the two frontrunners, President James Tanis and challenger John Momis. Both candidates initially led in early counting.<ref name=abcradio>{{cite news |first=|last=|title= President holding on in Bougainville vote|url= http://www.radioaustralianews.net.au/stories/201005/2908971.htm?desktop|work=[[ABC Radio Australia]]|publisher= |date=2010-05-25 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref>
Early election returns predicted a tight race between the two frontrunners, President James Tanis and challenger John Momis. Both candidates initially led in early counting.<ref name=abcradio>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=President holding on in Bougainville vote|url=http://www.radioaustralianews.net.au/stories/201005/2908971.htm?desktop|work=[[ABC Radio Australia]]|publisher=|date=2010-05-25|accessdate=2010-06-13|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717125820/http://www.radioaustralianews.net.au/stories/201005/2908971.htm?desktop|archivedate=2011-07-17|df=}}</ref>


The earliest results, which were reported from Central Bougainville, gave President Tanis a clear lead over the other candidates, with Tanis' 1405 votes leading all other candidates, including Reuben Siara, who placed second with 495 votes.<ref name=ew3>{{cite news |first=|last=|title=Incumbent President Leads Bougainville Polls|url= http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/may/05-27-03.htm|work=[[Papua New Guinea Post-Courier]]|publisher=[[East West Center]] |date=2008-05-26 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref> However, as more areas of the island were reported, Momis was able to significantly cut into Tannis lead. On May 27, Tanis lead Momis by just 268 votes, with 5,226 votes to Momis' 4,958.<ref name=ew4>{{cite news |first=Gorethy|last=Kennth|title=Momis Narrows Lead in Bougainville Polls, Incumbent president Tanis ahead 5,226 to 4,958 |url= http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/may/05-28-01.htm|work=[[Papua New Guinea Post-Courier]]|publisher=[[East West Center]] |date=2008-05-27 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref> By June 2, Momis had overtaken Tanis and the other candidates, leading his nearest rival, President James Tanis, by more than 8,000 votes.<ref name=rnzi2>{{cite news |first=|last=|title=Momis takes lead in drawn out Bougainville vote count |url= http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=53924|work=[[Radio New Zealand International]]|publisher= |date=2008-06-02 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref>
The earliest results, which were reported from Central Bougainville, gave President Tanis a clear lead over the other candidates, with Tanis' 1405 votes leading all other candidates, including Reuben Siara, who placed second with 495 votes.<ref name=ew3>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Incumbent President Leads Bougainville Polls|url=http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/may/05-27-03.htm|work=[[Papua New Guinea Post-Courier]]|publisher=[[East West Center]]|date=2008-05-26|accessdate=2010-06-13|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616061140/http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/may/05-27-03.htm|archivedate=2011-06-16|df=}}</ref> However, as more areas of the island were reported, Momis was able to significantly cut into Tannis lead. On May 27, Tanis lead Momis by just 268 votes, with 5,226 votes to Momis' 4,958.<ref name=ew4>{{cite news|first=Gorethy|last=Kennth|title=Momis Narrows Lead in Bougainville Polls, Incumbent president Tanis ahead 5,226 to 4,958|url=http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/may/05-28-01.htm|work=[[Papua New Guinea Post-Courier]]|publisher=[[East West Center]]|date=2008-05-27|accessdate=2010-06-13|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616061148/http://archives.pireport.org/archive/2010/may/05-28-01.htm|archivedate=2011-06-16|df=}}</ref> By June 2, Momis had overtaken Tanis and the other candidates, leading his nearest rival, President James Tanis, by more than 8,000 votes.<ref name=rnzi2>{{cite news |first=|last=|title=Momis takes lead in drawn out Bougainville vote count |url= http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=53924|work=[[Radio New Zealand International]]|publisher= |date=2008-06-02 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref>


On Tuesday, June 8, 2010, at 2:30&nbsp;p.m. [[John Momis]] was declared the winner and president-elect of Bougainville.<ref name=ib>{{cite news |first=|last=|title=New Bougainville President says autonomous region must sustain own living|url= http://www.islandsbusiness.com/news/index_dynamic/containerNameToReplace=MiddleMiddle/focusModuleID=130/focusContentID=19789/tableName=mediaRelease/overideSkinName=newsArticle-full.tpl|work=[[Islands Business]]|publisher= |date=2008-06-00 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref> Momis won 43,047 votes, or 52.35% of the total votes cast in the election.<ref name=ib/> The incumbent, President James Tanis, earned an estimated 17,205 votes.<ref name=ib/> Momis won the popular vote in both South Bougainville and Tanis' home region of Central Bougainville.<ref name=economist/>
On Tuesday, June 8, 2010, at 2:30&nbsp;p.m. [[John Momis]] was declared the winner and president-elect of Bougainville.<ref name=ib>{{cite news|first=|last=|title=New Bougainville President says autonomous region must sustain own living|url=http://www.islandsbusiness.com/news/index_dynamic/containerNameToReplace=MiddleMiddle/focusModuleID=130/focusContentID=19789/tableName=mediaRelease/overideSkinName=newsArticle-full.tpl|work=[[Islands Business]]|publisher=|date=2008-06-00|accessdate=2010-06-13|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612090646/http://www.islandsbusiness.com/news/index_dynamic/containerNameToReplace%3DMiddleMiddle/focusModuleID%3D130/focusContentID%3D19789/tableName%3DmediaRelease/overideSkinName%3DnewsArticle-full.tpl|archivedate=2010-06-12|df=}}</ref> Momis won 43,047 votes, or 52.35% of the total votes cast in the election.<ref name=ib/> The incumbent, President James Tanis, earned an estimated 17,205 votes.<ref name=ib/> Momis won the popular vote in both South Bougainville and Tanis' home region of Central Bougainville.<ref name=economist/>


In his victory speech, Momis thanked Tanis for his service and pledged to continue successful programs by the Tanis government.<ref name=ib/> Momis stated that his administration would focus on good governnance, the disposal of [[ammunition|ordnance]] and [[weapons]], education and health.<ref name=rnzi3>{{cite news |first=|last=|title=Bougainville President-elect pledges good governance|url= http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=54107|work=[[Radio New Zealand International]]|publisher= |date=2008-06-10 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref> He also pledged "zero tolerance approach" to [[political corruption|corruption]], stated that less than 25% of incumbent members of the House of Representatives had been re-elected to office due to voter disgust with corruption and mismanagement in government.<ref name=rnzi4>{{cite news |first=|last=|title=Momis claims Bougainville leaders dumped over corruption|url= http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=54038|work=[[Radio New Zealand International]]|publisher= |date=2008-06-08 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref>
In his victory speech, Momis thanked Tanis for his service and pledged to continue successful programs by the Tanis government.<ref name=ib/> Momis stated that his administration would focus on good governnance, the disposal of [[ammunition|ordnance]] and [[weapons]], education and health.<ref name=rnzi3>{{cite news |first=|last=|title=Bougainville President-elect pledges good governance|url= http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=54107|work=[[Radio New Zealand International]]|publisher= |date=2008-06-10 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref> He also pledged "zero tolerance approach" to [[political corruption|corruption]], stated that less than 25% of incumbent members of the House of Representatives had been re-elected to office due to voter disgust with corruption and mismanagement in government.<ref name=rnzi4>{{cite news |first=|last=|title=Momis claims Bougainville leaders dumped over corruption|url= http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=54038|work=[[Radio New Zealand International]]|publisher= |date=2008-06-08 |accessdate=2010-06-13}}</ref>

Revision as of 00:54, 24 July 2017

Politics of Bougainville

The Bougainnvillean presidential election of 2010 was held in Bougainville, an autonomous region of Papua New Guinea. The presidential contest was part of the overall general election on the island. Voting began on May 7, 2010, and ended May 24, 2010.[1] Final results for the election were announced on June 8, 2010.

John Momis, the former Governor of Bougainville and framer of the Papua New Guinean constitution, defeated incumbent President James Tanis and five other challengers in the election.[2][3]

This was the third presidential election since a 2001 peace agreement. (The 2005 and 2010 elections were previously scheduled, while the special 2008 presidential by-law election was held due to the death of former President Joseph Kabui.)

The presidential election was held simultaneously with the legislative general election. More than three-quarters of all incumbent members of the Bougainvillean House of Representatives were defeated in their re-election bids.[3]

Election background

Incumbent President James Tanis, a former separatist leader in the Bougainville Revolutionary Army, had been elected president in an early 2008 presidential by-election following the unepected death of former President Joseph Kabui in June 2008. Kabui's death forced the by-election just 18 months before the scheduled presidential election in 2010.[4] Tanis was elected to serve as president for the remainder of Kabui's term. He sought re-election in 2010.

Voter rolls were updated for the 2010 general election. 134,279 voters were registered to vote in the election.[5] According to the updated voter lists, North Bougainville had the highest number of eligible voters, with 57,979 registered voters;[5] followed by 48,652 voters in South Bougainville[5] and 27,648 voters in Central Bougainville.[5]

South Bougainville remains the most politically unstable region of the island, with fourteen separate, armed militias operating in the area.[3] Violence in southern Bougainville had decreased during James Tanis' presidency.[3]

Candidates

Seven candidates contested the 2010 presidential election, including incumbent James Tanis.[6] The number was down significantly from the fourteen candidates who ran during the 2008 presidential by-election.[6]

List of candidates (alphabetical order)

Election results

Early election returns predicted a tight race between the two frontrunners, President James Tanis and challenger John Momis. Both candidates initially led in early counting.[9]

The earliest results, which were reported from Central Bougainville, gave President Tanis a clear lead over the other candidates, with Tanis' 1405 votes leading all other candidates, including Reuben Siara, who placed second with 495 votes.[10] However, as more areas of the island were reported, Momis was able to significantly cut into Tannis lead. On May 27, Tanis lead Momis by just 268 votes, with 5,226 votes to Momis' 4,958.[11] By June 2, Momis had overtaken Tanis and the other candidates, leading his nearest rival, President James Tanis, by more than 8,000 votes.[12]

On Tuesday, June 8, 2010, at 2:30 p.m. John Momis was declared the winner and president-elect of Bougainville.[13] Momis won 43,047 votes, or 52.35% of the total votes cast in the election.[13] The incumbent, President James Tanis, earned an estimated 17,205 votes.[13] Momis won the popular vote in both South Bougainville and Tanis' home region of Central Bougainville.[3]

In his victory speech, Momis thanked Tanis for his service and pledged to continue successful programs by the Tanis government.[13] Momis stated that his administration would focus on good governnance, the disposal of ordnance and weapons, education and health.[14] He also pledged "zero tolerance approach" to corruption, stated that less than 25% of incumbent members of the House of Representatives had been re-elected to office due to voter disgust with corruption and mismanagement in government.[15]

President James Tanis thanked Bougainvillean voters and pledged to support President-elect Momis during the transition of government.[13]

New government

Momis was sworn into office as President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville on June 10, 2010, at the Parliament house.[16] Bougainville’s Chief Magistrate, Peter Toliken, administered the oath of office.[16] Momis will hold a 5-year term.[16]

On the day he was sworn in, President Momis appointed Patrick Nisira, the outgoing Works Minister in the Tanis administration and one of the few politicians to have retained his seat in the general election,[17] as his Vice President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville.[16] Nisira represents the Halia constituency.[16]

The new government, with Momis' full cabinet, was to be sworn-in on Tuesday, June 15, 2010.[13][18]

Analysts view Momis as more in favor of continued autonomy and continued integration with Papua New Guinea,[3] while Momis' predecessor, James Tanis, supported full independence.[3] During the presidential campaign, Tanis had stated, "There has been a growing opinion that the bottom line is independence. If this mine (Panguna) funded PNG independence in 1975, then it can fund Bougainville autonomy and independence."[19]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Forum Observer Mission to Bougainville Central Elections". Solomon Times. 2010-05-07. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  2. ^ a b "Momis confirmed as new President of Bougainville". Radio New Zealand International. 2010-06-08. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "Bougainville's new president, Halfway to freedom". The Economist. 2010-06-10. Archived from the original on 2010-06-15. Retrieved 2010-06-15. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ Marshall, Steve (2008-12-05). "'Two Sams' face off as Bougainville goes to the polls". ABC News (Australia). Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  5. ^ a b c d "Bougainvillean Voters Go To the Polls". Papua New Guinea Post-Courier. East West Center. 2008-05-10. Archived from the original on 2011-06-16. Retrieved 2010-06-13. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Kenneth, Gorethy (2008-04-12). "Seven Candidates Vie for Bougainville President". Papua New Guinea Post-Courier. East West Center. Archived from the original on 2011-06-16. Retrieved 2010-06-13. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ Gridneff, Ilya (2010-06-09). "Bougainville elects president". Australian Associated Press. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  8. ^ Kenneth, Gorethy (2009-02-05). "Call for gender equality in Bougainville". Pacnews. Marianas Variety News & Views. Retrieved 2010-06-13.[permanent dead link‍]
  9. ^ "President holding on in Bougainville vote". ABC Radio Australia. 2010-05-25. Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2010-06-13. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ "Incumbent President Leads Bougainville Polls". Papua New Guinea Post-Courier. East West Center. 2008-05-26. Archived from the original on 2011-06-16. Retrieved 2010-06-13. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ Kennth, Gorethy (2008-05-27). "Momis Narrows Lead in Bougainville Polls, Incumbent president Tanis ahead 5,226 to 4,958". Papua New Guinea Post-Courier. East West Center. Archived from the original on 2011-06-16. Retrieved 2010-06-13. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ "Momis takes lead in drawn out Bougainville vote count". Radio New Zealand International. 2008-06-02. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  13. ^ a b c d e f "New Bougainville President says autonomous region must sustain own living". Islands Business. 2008-06-00. Archived from the original on 2010-06-12. Retrieved 2010-06-13. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ "Bougainville President-elect pledges good governance". Radio New Zealand International. 2008-06-10. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  15. ^ "Momis claims Bougainville leaders dumped over corruption". Radio New Zealand International. 2008-06-08. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  16. ^ a b c d e Laukai, Aloysius (2008-06-11). "Momis sworn in, Caretaker announced". New Dawn FM 95.3. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  17. ^ "Sitting politicians routed in Bougainville vote". Radio New Zealand International. 2008-06-04. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  18. ^ Fox, Liam (2008-06-04). "Bougainville elects new leader". ABC News (Australia). Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  19. ^ Calick, Rowan (2010-06-18). "71-year old wins key PNG role". The Australian. Retrieved 2010-06-17.

Past elections

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