Sierra Club

The Sierra Club is an environmental organization founded on May 28, 1892 in San Francisco, California by the well-known conservationist/preservationist John Muir, who became its first president. The Sierra Club has hundreds of thousands of members in chapters located throughout the United States, and is affiliated with Sierra Club of/du Canada. The Sierra Club is governed by a fifteen-member volunteer Board of Directors. Each year, five directors are elected to three-year terms, with all Club members eligible to vote. A president is elected annually by the Board from among its members and receives a small stipend. All club members also belong to chapters (usually state-wide), and to local groups. National and local special interest sections, committees, and task forces address particular topics. Policies are set at the appropriate level, but on any issue the club has only one policy.

Mission statement

1. Explore, enjoy and protect the wild places of the earth.
2. Practice and promote the responsible use of the earth's ecosystems and resources.
3. Educate and enlist humanity to protect and restore the quality of the natural and human environment.
4. Use all lawful means to carry out these objectives.

Priorities and campaigns

In order to focus attention on particular issues the Sierra Club's national and local entities select priorities and organize campaigns. The current national priorities (as of 2004) are: clean water, an end to commercial logging, stopping sprawl, and protecting wildlands. Campaigns to achieve those and other priorities are planned and conducted chiefly by volunteeers in the various club entities, with help of small support staffs. The club also hires people for campaigns through the Fund for Public Interest Research, as do some other members of the activism industry.

Protecting rivers

One long-standing goal of the Sierra Club has been opposition to inappropriate dams. In the early 20th century, the organization fought against the damming and flooding of the Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite National Park. Despite this lobbying, Congress authorized the construction of O'Shaughnessy Dam on the Tuolumne River. The Sierra Club continues to lobby for removal of the dam, urging that San Francisco's water needs be accommodated instead by the re-engineering of the Don Pedro Reservoir downstream.

The Sierra Club advocates the decommissioning of Glen Canyon Dam and the draining of Lake Powell. The Club also supports removal, breaching or decommissioning of many other dams.

Outings

In 1901 William Colby organized the first Sierra Club outing to Yosemite Valley. The annual High Trips were led by accomplished mountaineers (some of them Sierra Club directors), such as Francis Farquhar, Joseph LeConte, Norman Clyde, Walter Starr, Jules Eichorn, Glen Dawson, Ansel Adams, and David R. Brower. Many first ascents in the Sierra Nevada were made on Sierra Club outings. Sierra Club members were also early enthusiasts of rock climbing and pioneers of the craft. In 1911 the first chapter was formed, Angeles, and it immediately started conducting local outings in the mountains surrounding Los Angeles and throughout the West. In World War II many Sierra Club leaders joined the 10th Mountain Division, bringing their expertise to the war effort.

The High Trips, sometimes huge expeditions with more than a hundred participants and crew, have given way to smaller and more numerous outings held across the United States and abroad. The National Outings program conducts hundreds of outings, most of which are between 4 to 10 days in length. Local chapters, groups, and sections lead thousands of generally shorter trips in their regions and beyond (mostly hiking, but also including cycling, cross-country skiing, etc.). Inner City Outings groups help make wild places accessible to children who are only familiar with the urban environment.

Notable past or current directors

• David R. Brower
• Leland Curtis
• Michael Dorsey
• William O. Douglas
• Dave Foreman
• Duncan McDuffie
• John Muir
• Eliot Porter
• William E. Siri
• Wallace Stegner
• Edgar Wayburn
• Adam Werbach
• Jan O'Connell
• Sanjay Ranchod
• David Karpf

Affiliates and subsidiaries

The Sierra Club Foundation was founded in 1960 by David R. Brower. It is a 501(c)3 charitable foundation that provides support for tax- deductible environmental action.

The Sierra Club of/du Canada has been active since 1963. It is now an independent corporation with its own national structure and local entities throughout Canada working on pollution, biodiversity, energy, and sustainability issues.

In 1971, volunteer lawyers who had worked with the Sierra Club established the Sierra Club Legal Defense Fund. This was a separate organization that used the "Sierra Club" name under license from the Club; it changed its name to Earthjustice in 1997.

The Sierra Student Coalition (SSC) is the student-run arm of the Sierra Club. Founded by Adam Werbach in 1991, with 14,000 members, it purports to be the largest student-led environmental group in the United States.

The Sierra Club Voter Education Fund is a 527 group that became active in the 2004 Presidential election by airing television advertisements about the major party candidates' positions on environmental issues. Through the Environmental Voter Education Campaign (EVEC), the Club sought to mobilize volunteers for phone banking, door-to-door canvassing and postcard writing to emphasize these issues in the campaign.

See also

• Environmental movement
• List of environmental organizations

External links

• Official Sierra Club website
• Sierra Student Coalition
• Sierra Club of/du Canada
• Sierra Club Votes - project aimed at environmentalist voters
• PAC RECIPIENTS LIST
• Fund for Public Interest Research website - activism jobs

Internal caucuses

• SUSPS - group of Sierra Club members wanting the club to support U.S. population stabilization
• JMS - group of Sierra Club members wanting the club to adopt a stronger conservation stance
• Sierra Democracy - Sierra Club members who oppose the club's "old guard", and support the rights (in Club elections) of reform groups like SUSPS and JMS
• Groundswell Sierra - Sierra Club members who oppose the reform groups, and support the club's "old guard"