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moved footnotes outside of periods, as this is generally more common on Wikipedia and in scholarly work, even if some journals put them inside periods
Deleted the meaningless phrase "left" (it is sufficient to say that she is a Maoist) and cleaned up a lot of very basic grammar/spelling mistakes. De-italicized article names, which just receive quotation marks in English-language scholarly references. Finally, I deleted "she is notable for saying that socialism was defeated rather than failed" since that is not a very unique perspective among MLMs. I made it clearer that her original contribution is a close analysis of revisionism
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{{short description|Chinese-American economist}}
{{short description|Chinese-American economist}}
{{BLP sources|date=July 2019}}
{{BLP sources|date=July 2019}}
'''Pao-yu Ching''' ([[Chinese language|Chinese]]: 金寶瑜; born Pao-yu Chou; 10 April 1937) is a [[Chinese-American]] [[Marxist-Leninist-Maoist]] [[economist]] and professor emerita of the [[Marygrove College]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dalnetarchive.org/bitstream/handle/11061/525/pao-yu_chou.pdf|title=Scher, D. (Interviewer) & Chou, P. (Interviewee). (2010). Pao-yu Chou: Immigration to the U.S. [Interview transcript]|publisher= Novak Archive at Marygrove College|website=www.marygrove.edu/detroit-journeys|language=en|access-date=2019-07-20}}</ref> Her works focuses on the socialist transition in [[Modern China]], regarding its economics but also the changes in society, culture and [[women's rights]]. She is noted for introducing the perspective that socialism was "defeated" rather than that it "failed" and analyzing the [[Chinese economic reforms]] of [[Deng Xiaoping]].<ref>page 3, Preface of "From Victory to Defeat; China's Socialist Road and Capitalist Reversal", [[J. Moufawad-Paul]], {{ISBN|978-2-491182-01-4}}, Publishing Date: Jul 2019, Publisher: Foreign Languages Press</ref>
'''Pao-yu Ching''' ([[Chinese language|Chinese]]: 金寶瑜; born Pao-yu Chou; 10 April 1937) is a [[Chinese-American]] [[Marxist-Leninist-Maoist]] [[economist]] and professor emerita of the [[Marygrove College]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dalnetarchive.org/bitstream/handle/11061/525/pao-yu_chou.pdf|title=Scher, D. (Interviewer) & Chou, P. (Interviewee). (2010). Pao-yu Chou: Immigration to the U.S. [Interview transcript]|publisher= Novak Archive at Marygrove College|website=www.marygrove.edu/detroit-journeys|language=en|access-date=2019-07-20}}</ref> Her works focuses on the socialist transition in [[Modern China]], regarding its economics but also the changes in society, culture and [[women's rights]]. She is noted for her critical analysis of the [[Chinese economic reforms]] of [[Deng Xiaoping]].<ref>page 3, Preface of "From Victory to Defeat; China's Socialist Road and Capitalist Reversal", [[J. Moufawad-Paul]], {{ISBN|978-2-491182-01-4}}, Publishing Date: Jul 2019, Publisher: Foreign Languages Press</ref>


== Biography ==
== Biography ==


Pao-yu Ching was born in [[Beijing]]. She graduated a B.A. in economics at the [[National Taichung University of Education]] in 1960, and emigrated in 1961 to the [[United States]] to pursue her studies at the [[Bryn Mawr College]], [[Bryn Mawr College|Bryn Mawr]], [[Pennsylvania]] where she gratuated with an M.A. in 1963 and a Ph.D in 1978.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jornalorebate.com.br/o-leitor-escreve/609-palestra-com-a-professoa-pao-yu-ching|title=Palestra com a Professoa Pao-yu Ching|date=2007-07-05|language=pt-BR}}</ref>
Pao-yu Ching was born in [[Beijing]]. She graduated with a B.A. in economics at the [[National Taichung University of Education]] in 1960 and emigrated in 1961 to the [[United States]] to study at [[Bryn Mawr College]], [[Bryn Mawr College|Bryn Mawr]], [[Pennsylvania]] where she graduated with an M.A. in 1963 and a Ph.D in 1978.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jornalorebate.com.br/o-leitor-escreve/609-palestra-com-a-professoa-pao-yu-ching|title=Palestra com a Professoa Pao-yu Ching|date=2007-07-05|language=pt-BR}}</ref>


Between 1979-2003, she taught economics as a professor at [[Marygrove College]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]]. She became a [[leftist]] and a [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism|Maoist]] during the [[Civil Rights movement]].
Between 1979-2003, she taught economics as a professor at [[Marygrove College]], [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]]. She became a [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism|Maoist]] during the [[Civil Rights movement]].


She has given lectures in [[Taiwan]], [[China]], [[Hong Kong]], The [[Philippines]], [[Malaysia]], [[Brazil]], [[Argentina]], [[Canada]], the [[United States]], [[Germany]], the [[Netherlands]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.meworks.net/meworksv2a/meworks/page1.aspx?no=280775&step=1&newsno=39879|title=金寶瑜專題演講：Understanding How Mao Mobilized Chinese People @ 2015 :|website=交大亞太/文化研究室}}</ref> and [[France]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.causedupeuple.info/2018/09/03/rencontre-et-etude-avec-leconomiste-pao-yu-ching/|title=Rencontre et Etude avec l’économiste Pao-Yu Ching|date=2018-09-03|work=La Cause du Peuple|access-date=2019-07-20|language=fr-FR}}</ref>.
She has given lectures in [[Taiwan]], [[China]], [[Hong Kong]], The [[Philippines]], [[Malaysia]], [[Brazil]], [[Argentina]], [[Canada]], the [[United States]], [[Germany]], the [[Netherlands]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.meworks.net/meworksv2a/meworks/page1.aspx?no=280775&step=1&newsno=39879|title=金寶瑜專題演講：Understanding How Mao Mobilized Chinese People @ 2015 :|website=交大亞太/文化研究室}}</ref> and [[France]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.causedupeuple.info/2018/09/03/rencontre-et-etude-avec-leconomiste-pao-yu-ching/|title=Rencontre et Etude avec l’économiste Pao-Yu Ching|date=2018-09-03|work=La Cause du Peuple|access-date=2019-07-20|language=fr-FR}}</ref>


== Publications ==
== Publications ==


Pao-yu Ching books and articles are written in English and Chinese and have been translated to 6 others languages (French, Spanish, Brazilian, German, Tagalog, Turkish)
Her books and articles are written in English and Chinese and have been translated to six other languages (French, Spanish, Brazilian, German, Tagalog, Turkish). {{citation needed|date=July 2019}}


=== Books ===
=== Books ===


* 1996 - [[Deng-Yuan Hsu]] and Pao-yu Ching, ''Rethinking Socialism: What is Socialist Transition?'', ChingKang Mountains Institute<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.marx2mao.com/Other/WIST.html|title=Rethinking Socialism|website=www.marx2mao.com}}</ref>
* 1996 - [[Deng-Yuan Hsu]] and Pao-yu Ching, ''Rethinking Socialism: What is Socialist Transition?'', ChingKang Mountains Institute<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.marx2mao.com/Other/WIST.html|title=Rethinking Socialism|website=www.marx2mao.com}}</ref>
** Republished in 2017 by the Foreign Languages Press with a new forward
** Republished in 2017 by [[Foreign Languages Press]] with a new foreword
** French translation "''Repenser le Socialisme : Qu'est ce que la transition socialiste ?''" published in 2018 by Editions Soleil Rouge<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bibliomarxiste.net/soleil-rouge/|title=Soleil Rouge}}</ref>
** French translation "''Repenser le Socialisme : Qu'est ce que la transition socialiste ?''" published in 2018 by Editions Soleil Rouge<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bibliomarxiste.net/soleil-rouge/|title=Soleil Rouge}}</ref>
* 2005 - ''Globalization and Crisis of Capitalism'' (Published originally in [[Chinese language|Chinese]] under the name ''全球化與資本主義危機'')
* 2005 - ''Globalization and Crisis of Capitalism'' (Published originally in [[Chinese language|Chinese]] as''全球化與資本主義危機'')
* 2012 - ''Revolution and Counterrevolution'', Institute of Political Economy, Manila
* 2012 - ''Revolution and Counterrevolution'', Institute of Political Economy, Manila
* 2019 - ''From Victory to Defeat: China's Socialist Road and Capitalist Reversal'', Foreign Languages Press, with a preface by [[J. Moufawad-Paul]]
* 2019 - ''From Victory to Defeat: China's Socialist Road and Capitalist Reversal'', Foreign Languages Press, with a preface by [[J. Moufawad-Paul]]
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=== Notable articles ===
=== Notable articles ===


* 1988 - ''"The Impact of Technological Changes on Women in Rural China, 1958-1978"'' presented at the '88 Tokyo Symposium on Women held in August, 1988 in Tokyo, Japan, published in Proceedings of the '88 Tokyo Symposium on Women, December, 1988, pp. 426-437.
* 1988 - "The Impact of Technological Changes on Women in Rural China, 1958-1978" presented at the '88 Tokyo Symposium on Women held in August, 1988 in Tokyo, Japan, published in Proceedings of the '88 Tokyo Symposium on Women, December, 1988, pp. 426-437.
* 2011 - ''China: Continuing Class Struggle Sixty-Two Years after the Revolution'' in ''Journals, August 2011'', Institute of Political Economy, Manila<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iboninternational.org/article/2011/08/august-issue-institute-political-economy-out-now|title=August Issue of the Institute of Political Economy Is Out Now &#124; Ibon International|website=www.iboninternational.org}}</ref>
* 2011 - "China: Continuing Class Struggle Sixty-Two Years after the Revolution" in ''Journals, August 2011'', Institute of Political Economy, Manila<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iboninternational.org/article/2011/08/august-issue-institute-political-economy-out-now|title=August Issue of the Institute of Political Economy Is Out Now &#124; Ibon International|website=www.iboninternational.org}}</ref>
* 2017 - ''"The Current Phase of Imperialism and China"'' in ''Lenin's Imperialism in the 21st Century'', Institute of Political Economy, Manila
* 2017 - "The Current Phase of Imperialism and China" in ''Lenin's Imperialism in the 21st Century'', Institute of Political Economy, Manila


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 17:15, 28 July 2019

Pao-yu Ching (Chinese: 金寶瑜; born Pao-yu Chou; 10 April 1937) is a Chinese-American Marxist-Leninist-Maoist economist and professor emerita of the Marygrove College.[1] Her works focuses on the socialist transition in Modern China, regarding its economics but also the changes in society, culture and women's rights. She is noted for her critical analysis of the Chinese economic reforms of Deng Xiaoping.[2]

Biography

Pao-yu Ching was born in Beijing. She graduated with a B.A. in economics at the National Taichung University of Education in 1960 and emigrated in 1961 to the United States to study at Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania where she graduated with an M.A. in 1963 and a Ph.D in 1978.[3]

Between 1979-2003, she taught economics as a professor at Marygrove College, Detroit, Michigan. She became a Maoist during the Civil Rights movement.

She has given lectures in Taiwan, China, Hong Kong, The Philippines, Malaysia, Brazil, Argentina, Canada, the United States, Germany, the Netherlands,[4] and France.[5]

Publications

Her books and articles are written in English and Chinese and have been translated to six other languages (French, Spanish, Brazilian, German, Tagalog, Turkish). [citation needed]

Books

  • 1996 - Deng-Yuan Hsu and Pao-yu Ching, Rethinking Socialism: What is Socialist Transition?, ChingKang Mountains Institute[6]
    • Republished in 2017 by Foreign Languages Press with a new foreword
    • French translation "Repenser le Socialisme : Qu'est ce que la transition socialiste ?" published in 2018 by Editions Soleil Rouge[7]
  • 2005 - Globalization and Crisis of Capitalism (Published originally in Chinese as全球化與資本主義危機)
  • 2012 - Revolution and Counterrevolution, Institute of Political Economy, Manila
  • 2019 - From Victory to Defeat: China's Socialist Road and Capitalist Reversal, Foreign Languages Press, with a preface by J. Moufawad-Paul

Notable articles

  • 1988 - "The Impact of Technological Changes on Women in Rural China, 1958-1978" presented at the '88 Tokyo Symposium on Women held in August, 1988 in Tokyo, Japan, published in Proceedings of the '88 Tokyo Symposium on Women, December, 1988, pp. 426-437.
  • 2011 - "China: Continuing Class Struggle Sixty-Two Years after the Revolution" in Journals, August 2011, Institute of Political Economy, Manila[8]
  • 2017 - "The Current Phase of Imperialism and China" in Lenin's Imperialism in the 21st Century, Institute of Political Economy, Manila

References

  1. ^ "Scher, D. (Interviewer) & Chou, P. (Interviewee). (2010). Pao-yu Chou: Immigration to the U.S. [Interview transcript]" (PDF). www.marygrove.edu/detroit-journeys. Novak Archive at Marygrove College. Retrieved 2019-07-20.
  2. ^ page 3, Preface of "From Victory to Defeat; China's Socialist Road and Capitalist Reversal", J. Moufawad-Paul, ISBN 978-2-491182-01-4, Publishing Date: Jul 2019, Publisher: Foreign Languages Press
  3. ^ "Palestra com a Professoa Pao-yu Ching" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2007-07-05.
  4. ^ "金寶瑜專題演講：Understanding How Mao Mobilized Chinese People @ 2015 :". 交大亞太/文化研究室.
  5. ^ "Rencontre et Etude avec l'économiste Pao-Yu Ching". La Cause du Peuple (in French). 2018-09-03. Retrieved 2019-07-20.
  6. ^ "Rethinking Socialism". www.marx2mao.com.
  7. ^ "Soleil Rouge".
  8. ^ "August Issue of the Institute of Political Economy Is Out Now | Ibon International". www.iboninternational.org.
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