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==Meteorological history==
==Meteorological history==
On August 31, three tropical depressions formed, one of which was east of [[Mindanao]]. The [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] then issued a [[Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert]] for the system.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/wp9219.gif|title=JTWC TCFA 92W}}</ref> On September 1, the [[Philippines]] agency [[PAGASA]] upgraded the system to a tropical depression and named it ''Liwayway''.<ref>{{cite report|title=Severe Weather Bulletin #1 For: Tropical Depression Liwayway|url=https://pubfiles.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/tamss/weather/bulletin/SWB%231_liwayway.pdf|publisher=[[PAGASA]]|date=September 1, 2019}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] then gave Liwayway the designation ''15W''.<ref>https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-09/nsfc-nie_1090319.php</ref> Liwayway then became better organized in the [[Philippine Sea]]. Early on September 2, the [[Japan Meteorological Agency]] reported that Liwayway intensified into a tropical storm, and named the system ''Lingling''. Lingling then continued to organize itself, and soon later, the JTWC upgraded Lingling to a tropical storm. Lingling then formed an eye, as the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm. Lingling then became a Category 1 typhoon late on September 3. Lingling then strengthened steadily, and the convection began to slowly consolidate around the center, with an eye forming. Subsequently, Lingling then underwent rapid intensification from favorable conditions near the [[South China Sea]] and soon became a Category 2, and later a Category 4 on the [[Saffir–Simpson scale]], as it tracked east of [[Taiwan]]. The eye became clear and wide as Lingling intensified even further. Lingling then moved out of the [[Philippine Area of Responsibility]], and PAGASA issued its final advisory on Lingling. Lingling then made landfall as a Category 4 on [[Miyako-jima]], then continued to intensify, and reaching its peak intensity as a violent typhoon, the first since [[Typhoon Lekima (2019)|Lekima]] a month earlier. It gradually weakened as it was east of [[China]]. At 2:30&nbsp;p.m. [[Korean Standard Time|KST]] (05:30 UTC), Lingling made landfall in [[South Hwanghae Province]], North Korea with winds of 130&nbsp;km/h (80&nbsp;mph),<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mk.co.kr/news/society/view/2019/09/710509/|title=태풍 '링링' 오후 2시30분 북한 황해도 상륙|language=Korean|publisher=Maeil Broadcasting Network|date=September 7, 2019|accessdate=September 7, 2019}}</ref> becoming the first typhoon and the strongest storm to strike the country.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Leister|first1=Eric|last2=Spamer|first2=Courtney|url=https://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/severe-tropical-storm-lingling-to-batter-ryukyu-islands-south-korea-after-brushing-philippines/70009230|title=Lingling becomes one of strongest typhoons to hit South Korea, kills at least 3|publisher=AccuWeather|date=September 7, 2019|accessdate=September 7, 2019}}</ref> On September 8, Lingling weakened to a minimal tropical storm. It moved away from North Korea and the center moved to [[Russia]], weakening even further.
On August 31, three tropical depressions formed, one of which was east of [[Mindanao]]. The [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] then issued a [[Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert]] for the system.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/products/wp9219.gif|title=JTWC TCFA 92W}}</ref> On September 1, the [[Philippines]] agency [[PAGASA]] upgraded the system to a tropical depression and named it ''Liwayway''.<ref>{{cite report|title=Severe Weather Bulletin #1 For: Tropical Depression Liwayway|url=https://pubfiles.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/tamss/weather/bulletin/SWB%231_liwayway.pdf|publisher=[[PAGASA]]|date=September 1, 2019}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] then gave Liwayway the designation ''15W''.<ref>https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-09/nsfc-nie_1090319.php</ref> Liwayway then became better organized in the [[Philippine Sea]]. Early on September 2, the [[Japan Meteorological Agency]] reported that Liwayway intensified into a tropical storm, and named the system ''Lingling''. Lingling then continued to organize itself, and soon later, the JTWC upgraded Lingling to a tropical storm. Lingling steadily strengthened, with convection consolidating around the center. Early in the morning of September 3, Lingling further intensified into a severe tropical storm.<ref>https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Update_Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_07_for_Severe_Tropical_Storm_LIWAYWAY_03_September_2019.pdf</ref> Late on September 3 UTC (early on September 4 local time), Lingling developed an eye.<ref>https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Update_Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_09_for_Severe_Tropical_Storm_LIWAYWAY_03_September_2019.pdf</ref> Subsequently, the JTWC upgraded Lingling into a Category 1 typhoon. Early on September 5, the JMA and PAGASA upgraded Lingling into a typhoon.<ref>https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_13_for_Typhoon_LIWAYWAY_issued_on_05Sept2019_11AM.pdf</ref> Subsequently, Lingling then underwent rapid intensification from favorable conditions near the [[South China Sea]] and soon became a Category 2, and later a Category 4 on the [[Saffir–Simpson scale]], as it tracked east of [[Taiwan]]. The eye became clear and wide as Lingling intensified even further. Lingling then moved out of the [[Philippine Area of Responsibility]] after making landfall in [[Miyako Island]], and PAGASA issued its final advisory on Lingling.<ref>https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_14_FINAL_for_Typhoon_LIWAYWAY_issued_on_05Sept2019.pdf</ref> Lingling then made landfall as a Category 4 on [[Miyako-jima]], then continued to intensify, and reaching its peak intensity as a violent typhoon, the first since [[Typhoon Lekima (2019)|Lekima]] a month earlier. It gradually weakened as it was east of [[China]]. At 2:30&nbsp;p.m. [[Korean Standard Time|KST]] (05:30 UTC), Lingling made landfall in [[South Hwanghae Province]], North Korea with winds of 130&nbsp;km/h (80&nbsp;mph),<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mk.co.kr/news/society/view/2019/09/710509/|title=태풍 '링링' 오후 2시30분 북한 황해도 상륙|language=Korean|publisher=Maeil Broadcasting Network|date=September 7, 2019|accessdate=September 7, 2019}}</ref> becoming the first typhoon and the strongest storm to strike the country.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Leister|first1=Eric|last2=Spamer|first2=Courtney|url=https://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/severe-tropical-storm-lingling-to-batter-ryukyu-islands-south-korea-after-brushing-philippines/70009230|title=Lingling becomes one of strongest typhoons to hit South Korea, kills at least 3|publisher=AccuWeather|date=September 7, 2019|accessdate=September 7, 2019}}</ref> On September 8, Lingling weakened to a minimal tropical storm. It moved away from North Korea and the center moved to [[Russia]], weakening even further.


==Preparations and Impacts==
==Preparations and Impacts==

Revision as of 17:04, 11 November 2020

Typhoon Lingling (Liwayway)
Very strong typhoon (JMA scale)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Typhoon Lingling at peak intensity off the east coast of China
FormedAugust 31
DissipatedSeptember 8
(Extratropical after September 7)
Highest winds10-minute sustained: 175 km/h (110 mph)
1-minute sustained: 220 km/h (140 mph)
Lowest pressure940 hPa (mbar); 27.76 inHg
Fatalities8 total
Damage$236 million (2019 USD)
Areas affectedPhilippines, Taiwan, China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Russia
Part of the 2019 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Lingling was a powerful typhoon that hit The Philippines, China, and Korea in 2019. Lingling caused agriculture damage to Japan and the Korean Peninsula, causing several million USD in damage. Overall, Lingling caused USD$236 million in damage and claimed 8 lives.

Meteorological history

On August 31, three tropical depressions formed, one of which was east of Mindanao. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center then issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert for the system.[1] On September 1, the Philippines agency PAGASA upgraded the system to a tropical depression and named it Liwayway.[2] The Joint Typhoon Warning Center then gave Liwayway the designation 15W.[3] Liwayway then became better organized in the Philippine Sea. Early on September 2, the Japan Meteorological Agency reported that Liwayway intensified into a tropical storm, and named the system Lingling. Lingling then continued to organize itself, and soon later, the JTWC upgraded Lingling to a tropical storm. Lingling steadily strengthened, with convection consolidating around the center. Early in the morning of September 3, Lingling further intensified into a severe tropical storm.[4] Late on September 3 UTC (early on September 4 local time), Lingling developed an eye.[5] Subsequently, the JTWC upgraded Lingling into a Category 1 typhoon. Early on September 5, the JMA and PAGASA upgraded Lingling into a typhoon.[6] Subsequently, Lingling then underwent rapid intensification from favorable conditions near the South China Sea and soon became a Category 2, and later a Category 4 on the Saffir–Simpson scale, as it tracked east of Taiwan. The eye became clear and wide as Lingling intensified even further. Lingling then moved out of the Philippine Area of Responsibility after making landfall in Miyako Island, and PAGASA issued its final advisory on Lingling.[7] Lingling then made landfall as a Category 4 on Miyako-jima, then continued to intensify, and reaching its peak intensity as a violent typhoon, the first since Lekima a month earlier. It gradually weakened as it was east of China. At 2:30 p.m. KST (05:30 UTC), Lingling made landfall in South Hwanghae Province, North Korea with winds of 130 km/h (80 mph),[8] becoming the first typhoon and the strongest storm to strike the country.[9] On September 8, Lingling weakened to a minimal tropical storm. It moved away from North Korea and the center moved to Russia, weakening even further.

Preparations and Impacts

Philippines and Japan

Lingling enhanced the Southwest Monsoon, and caused rains in many parts of the country, while floods in other areas had still not subsided from the previous storms that passed the Extreme Northern Luzon area. Passing east of the Philippines, Lingling caused flooding in Luzon. Agricultural damage in Pampanga were amounted to ₱5 million (US$96,000).[10] Economic loss in Okinawa Prefecture were at JP¥533 million (US$4.98 million).[11][12]

Koreas

Passing west of South Korea, Lingling killed three people and injured ten others. Wind gusts reached 196 km/h (122 mph) in Heuksando, the strongest wind observed in the country since Maemi in 2003. About 161,000 households had experienced power outages.[13] Damage nationwide were amounted to ₩28.76 billion (US$24.1 million).[14] [15] In North Korea, five people were dead with three others injured. The typhoon damaged 475 houses and buildings, as well as 46,200 ha (114,000 acres) of farmland.[16]

China

Lingling also passed through the Northeast China, affecting 455,000 people, according to the Ministry of Emergency Management. Over 2,800 people in the provinces of Jilin, Heilongjiang and Zhejiang were displaced. A total of 44 houses collapsed and over 460 were damaged, while 215,800 hectares of crops were affected.[17] Total damage in China were calculated at CN¥930 million (US$131 million).[18]

Russia

Later, Lingling's extratropical remnants caused flooding in the Russian Far East, with damage in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast amounting to ₽2 billion (US$30.4 million).[19]

Aftermath

In China, The Ministry of Emergency Management sent work teams to Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang to assist in disaster relief.[17]

See Also

References

  1. ^ "JTWC TCFA 92W".
  2. ^ Severe Weather Bulletin #1 For: Tropical Depression Liwayway (PDF) (Report). PAGASA. September 1, 2019.[permanent dead link]
  3. ^ https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-09/nsfc-nie_1090319.php
  4. ^ https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Update_Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_07_for_Severe_Tropical_Storm_LIWAYWAY_03_September_2019.pdf
  5. ^ https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Update_Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_09_for_Severe_Tropical_Storm_LIWAYWAY_03_September_2019.pdf
  6. ^ https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_13_for_Typhoon_LIWAYWAY_issued_on_05Sept2019_11AM.pdf
  7. ^ https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/3879/Severe_Weather_Bulletin_No_14_FINAL_for_Typhoon_LIWAYWAY_issued_on_05Sept2019.pdf
  8. ^ "태풍 '링링' 오후 2시30분 북한 황해도 상륙" (in Korean). Maeil Broadcasting Network. September 7, 2019. Retrieved September 7, 2019.
  9. ^ Leister, Eric; Spamer, Courtney (September 7, 2019). "Lingling becomes one of strongest typhoons to hit South Korea, kills at least 3". AccuWeather. Retrieved September 7, 2019.
  10. ^ "Pampanga crop damage due to floods hits P5M". Sun.Star. September 4, 2019. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
  11. ^ 公共施設被害１億１３００万円／台風１３号 (in Japanese). Miyako Mainichi. September 7, 2019. Retrieved September 7, 2019.
  12. ^ 台風の農水被害４億２千万円 総額の97％が宮古地区 (in Japanese). Okinawa Times. September 10, 2019. Retrieved September 10, 2019.
  13. ^ "3 dead amid hundreds of accidents due to Typhoon Lingling". The Korea Herald. September 7, 2019. Retrieved September 7, 2019.
  14. ^ 태풍 '링링' 전남지역 피해액 101억원 잠정 집계 (in Korean). Hankyung. September 17, 2019. Retrieved September 19, 2019.
  15. ^ 13호 태풍 '링링'으로 71억원 피해 본 인천 강화군…특별재난지역 선포 (in Korean). The Chosun Ilbo. September 20, 2019. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  16. ^ "Recovery work under way in N. Korea after powerful typhoon hits peninsula". Yonhap News Agency. September 9, 2019. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
  17. ^ a b https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201909/09/WS5d764963a310cf3e3556a971.html
  18. ^ 叶昊鸣 (September 9, 2019). 台风“玲玲”共造成3省45.5万人受灾 (in Chinese). Xinhua News. Retrieved September 10, 2019.
  19. ^ Тайфун "Линлин" подтопил почти 380 домов в Комсомольске-на-Амуре (in Russian). Russian Gazette. September 10, 2019. Retrieved September 10, 2019.
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