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Andrea Pauli

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Andrea Pauli
Born1977
Alma mater
Awards
  • ERC Consolidator Grant (2022)
  • EMBO Member (2021)
  • HFSP Young Investigator (2020)
  • EMBO Young Investigator (2018)
Scientific career
Fieldsmolecular basis of vertebrate fertilisation
Institutions
Doctoral advisorKim Nasmyth
Websitewww.imp.ac.at/groups/andrea-pauli/

Andrea Pauli (born 1977) is a developmental biologist and biochemist studying how the egg transitions into an embryo, and more specifically the molecular mechanisms underlying vertebrate fertilisations, egg dormancy, and subsequent egg activation[1]. Her lab uses zebrafish as the main model organism[2]. Andrea Pauli is a group leader at the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) at the Vienna Biocenter in Austria[3].

Early life and education

Andrea Pauli grew up in Bavaria, Germany. She studied biochemistry at Regensburg University, followed by a master’s in molecular and cellular biology at Heidelberg University[4]. In 2004, she started her doctoral research under the joint supervision of Barry Dickson and Kim Nasmyth at the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) in Vienna, Austria. When Nasmyth transferred to the University of Oxford in 2006, Pauli moved with him and obtained her PhD from Oxford in 2009[5]. As a student, she competed twice in the Oxford-Cambridge Women’s Boat Race (2007 and 2008) for Oxford[6].

Career

Andrea Pauli became a postdoctoral researcher in the lab of Alexander F. Schier at Harvard University in 2009[4]. In 2015, she returned to the IMP to establish her own lab as a group leaderHow life starts - mechanistic insights into the oocyte-to-embryo transition. Since 2018, Pauli teaches zebrafish summer courses at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole[7] and in 2020, she became the dean of the Vienna Biocenter summer school[8].

Research

Andrea Pauli's doctoral research focused on cohesin, a protein complex initially known for its essential role in holding sister chromatids together during cell division. Using Drosophila melanogaster as a model system, Pauli showed new cohesin functions in non-proliferating cells[9][10]. Pauli later turned to zebrafish as model system and to characterising embryonic transcripts[11][12][13], through which she discovered the essential embryonic signal Toddler/Apela/ELABELA, a secreted peptide necessary for mesoderm migration during gastrulation[14]. This demonstrated that newly identified translated regions can encode previously missed yet functionally important small proteins[15][16]. Research in Pauli’s lab links developmental biology with biochemistry, molecular and cell biology and genomics in order to uncover essential mechanisms underlying the egg-to-embryo transition. Pauli and her lab have discovered mechanisms underlying embryo morphogenesis, fertilisation and egg dormancy. This includes the discovery that Toddler acts as a guidance cue which steers the directional migration of mesodermal cells via a single-receptor-based self-generated Toddler gradient[17]. Focusing on fertilisation, Pauli and her lab identified the egg protein Bouncer as an essential factor for sperm-egg recognition in fish[18]: Bouncer is essential for sperm entry into the egg and sufficient to switch the species-specificity of fertilisation between zebrafish and medaka. Pauli’s lab characterized the functions of Bouncer’s homolog in mammals, SPACA4[19], and the zebrafish sperm factors Dcst1/2[20] and Spaca6[21], which are conserved in mammals and required for fertilisation in vertebrates. Studying the mechanistic basis of dormancy in the egg, Pauli’s lab discovered a developmentally programmed, conserved dormant ribosome state important for ribosome storage and translational repression, which is conserved in zebrafish and Xenopus laevis[22].

Awards and achievements

References

  1. ^ Pathology, Research Institute of Molecular. "Andrea Pauli | Open Reading Frames (ORFs) | Development | Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP)". The Research Institute of Molecular Pathology.
  2. ^ "IMP Mini Lectures | Andrea Pauli: From egg to embryo" – via www.youtube.com.
  3. ^ Pathology, Research Institute of Molecular. "Research Groups at IMP | All Labs | Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP)". The Research Institute of Molecular Pathology.
  4. ^ a b "POSTDOC PROFILE: ANDI PAULI [SCHIER LAB]". Harvard University - Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology. June 11, 2015.
  5. ^ "Forscherin Pauli: "Wir wissen noch nicht, was im Erbgut passiert"". DER STANDARD.
  6. ^ Goodbody, John. "Andi Pauli: Pulling her weight" – via www.thetimes.co.uk.
  7. ^ "Whitman Fellow Andrea Pauli Christens "Bouncer," Gatekeeper of the Egg". Marine Biological Laboratory.
  8. ^ Pathology, Research Institute of Molecular. "10th Vienna BioCenter Summer School Symposium". The Research Institute of Molecular Pathology.
  9. ^ Pauli A*, van Bemmel JG, Oliveira RA, Itoh T, Shirahige K, van Steensel B, Nasmyth K*. A direct role for cohesin in gene regulation and ecdysone response in Drosophila salivary glands. Curr Biol. 2010 Oct 26;20(20):1787-98. PMID: 20933422
  10. ^ Pauli A, Althoff F, Oliveira RA, Heidmann S, Schuldiner O, Lehner CF, Dickson BJ, Nasmyth K. Cell-type-specific TEV protease cleavage reveals cohesin functions in Drosophila neurons. Dev Cell. 2008 Feb;14(2):239-51. PMID: 18267092; PMCID: PMC2258333
  11. ^ A. Pauli, E. Valen, M. F. Lin, M. Garber, N. L. Vastenhouw, J. Z. Levin, L. Fan, A. Sandelin, J. L. Rinn, A. Regev, A. F. Schier, Systematic identification of long noncoding RNAs expressed during zebrafish embryogenesis. Genome Res. 22, 577–591 (2012).
  12. ^ G.-L. Chew, A. Pauli, J. L. Rinn, A. Regev, A. F. Schier, E. Valen, Ribosome profiling reveals resemblance between long non-coding RNAs and 5′ leaders of coding RNAs. Development. 140, 2828–2834 (2013)
  13. ^ A. Pauli, M. L. Norris, E. Valen, G. L. Chew, J. A. Gagnon, S. Zimmerman, A. Mitchell, J. Ma, J. Dubrulle, D. Reyon, S. Q. Tsai, J. K. Joung, A. Saghatelian, A. F. Schier, Science, doi:10.1126/science.1248636
  14. ^ A. Pauli, M. L. Norris, E. Valen, G. L. Chew, J. A. Gagnon, S. Zimmerman, A. Mitchell, J. Ma, J. Dubrulle, D. Reyon, S. Q. Tsai, J. K. Joung, A. Saghatelian, A. F. Schier, Science, doi:10.1126/science.1248636.
  15. ^ A. Pauli, E. Valen, A. F. Schier, Identifying (non-)coding RNAs and small peptides: Challenges and opportunities. BioEssays. 37, 103–112 (2015)
  16. ^ L. E. Cabrera-Quio, S. Herberg, A. Pauli, Decoding sORF translation – from small proteins to gene regulation. RNA Biol. 13, 1051–1059 (2016)
  17. ^ J. Stock, T. Kazmar, F. Schlumm, E. Hannezo, A. Pauli, A self-generated Toddler gradient guides mesodermal cell migration. bioRxiv (2021), doi:10.1101/2021.12.16.472981.
  18. ^ S. Herberg, K. R. Gert, A. Schleiffer, A. Pauli, The Ly6/uPAR protein Bouncer is necessary and sufficient for species-specific fertilization. Science. 361, 1029–1033 (2018)
  19. ^ Fujihara, Y., Herberg, S., Blaha, A., Panser, K., Kobayashi, K., Larasati, T., Novatchkova, M., Theussl, HC., Olszanska, O., Ikawa, M., Pauli, A. (2021) The conserved fertility factor SPACA4 / Bouncer has divergent modes of action in vertebrate fertilization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Sep 28;118(39):e2108777118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2108777118.
  20. ^ Noda, T., Blaha, A., Fujihara, Y., Gert, KR., Emori, C., Deneke, VE., Oura, S., Panser, K., Lu, Y., Berent, S., Kodani, M., Cabrera-Quio, LE., Pauli, A.#, Ikawa, M.# (2022). Sperm membrane proteins DCST1 and DCST2 are required for the sperm-egg interaction in mice and fish. Communications Biology. doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03289-w
  21. ^ M. I. Binner, A. Kogan, K. Panser, A. Schleiffer, V. E. Deneke, A. Pauli, The sperm protein Spaca6 is essential for fertilization in zebrafish. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Jan 3;9:806982. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.806982.
  22. ^ F. Leesch, L. Lorenzo-Orts, C. Pribitzer, I. Grishkovskaya, M. Matzinger, E. Roitinger, K. Belacic, S. Kandolf, T.-Y. Lin, K. Mechtler, A. Meinhart, D. Haselbach, A. Pauli, A molecular network of conserved factors keeps ribosomes dormant in the egg. BioRxiv, 1–42 (2021).
  23. ^ Tempelmaier, Brigitte. "Vienna BioCenter: ERC Consolidator Grants for Andrea Pauli and Yasin Dagdas". LISAvienna - life science austria.
  24. ^ a b "Find people in the EMBO Communities". people.embo.org.
  25. ^ a b HFSP awards directory
  26. ^ "MBL Names 2018 Whitman Center Fellows". CapeCod.com. May 17, 2018.
  27. ^ "Andrea PAULI". list.fwf.ac.at.
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