Jump to content

Margaret Abbott

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by DerkMahen12 (talk | contribs) at 19:46, 10 June 2022. The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

For the wife of Tony Abbott, former prime minister of Australia, see Margie Abbott.

Margaret Abbott
Pencil portrait of Abbott by Charles Dana Gibson
Abbott, c. 1903, by Charles Dana Gibson[1]
Personal information
Full nameMargaret Ives Abbott
Born(1878-06-15)June 15, 1878
Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India
(now Kolkata, West Bengal, India)
DiedJune 10, 1955(1955-06-10) (aged 76)
Greenwich, Connecticut, U.S.
Height5 ft 11 in (180 cm)[2]
Sporting nationality United States
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1902; died 1936)​
Children4, including Philip
Career
StatusAmateur
Medal record
Women's golf
Olympic Games
Gold medal – first place 1900 Paris Individual

Margaret Ives Abbott (June 15, 1878 – June 10, 1955) was an Indian born-American amateur golfer. She was the first American woman to win an Olympic event: the women's golf tournament at the 1900 Summer Olympics.

Born in Calcutta (now Kolkata), India, in 1878, Abbott moved with her family to Chicago in 1884. She joined the Chicago Golf Club in Wheaton, Illinois, where she was coached by Charles B. Macdonald and H. J. Whigham. In 1899, she traveled with her mother to Paris for studying art. In October 1900, she, along with her mother, signed up for the women's golf tournament without realizing that it was an official Olympics event. Abbott won the tournament with a score of 47 strokes; her mother tied for seventh place. Abbott received a porcelain bowl as a reward.

In December 1902, she married the writer Finley Peter Dunne (July 10, 1867 – April 24, 1936). They later moved to New York and had four children. Abbott died at the age of 76 in 1955. She was not well known until Paula Welch, a professor at the University of Florida, researched her life. In 2018, The New York Times published her belated obituary.

Life and career

Early life

Margaret Ives Abbott was born on June 15, 1878, in Calcutta (now Kolkata), India, to Charles and Mary Ives Abbott. Her father was a wealthy American merchant who died in 1879. Margaret, along with her mother and her siblings, moved to Boston. During her teenage years, her mother became literary editor of the Chicago Herald and the family moved to Chicago in 1884.[3]

In the late nineteenth century, women were restricted from competing in various sports. Golf clubs allowed women to join only if they were accompanied by a man. Abbott, along with her mother, began playing golf at the Chicago Golf Club in Wheaton. She was coached by amateur golfers Charles B. Macdonald and H. J. Whigham. Abbott and Macdonald partnered in a 1887 tournament at the Washington Park. She won several local tournaments, and by 1899, she had a two handicap. That same year, she and her mother traveled to Paris. Mary researched and wrote a travel guide A Woman's Paris: A Handbook of Every-day Living in the French Capital (1900);[4] Margaret studied art from Auguste Rodin and Edgar Degas.[5]

Paris Olympics

Further information: Golf at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Women's individual
Refer to the caption
Abbott at the golf event of the 1900 Olympic Games

The 1900 Summer Olympics, hosted in Paris between May and October, was the second modern Olympics. Pierre de Coubertin, the founder of the Olympics, initially planned the games for only men. In 1900, however, women were allowed to compete in five sports: golf, tennis, sailing, rowing, and equestrianism.[6] Out of a total of 997 athletes, 22 were women.[7] The Olympics coincided with the 1900 Paris Exposition; many considered it overshadowed by the Paris Exposition.[8] The events lacked proper equipment,[9] did not have an opening or closing ceremony, and included sports like tug of war, kite flying, hot air ballooning, and pigeon racing.[2]

Two golf events were scheduled—one for men and one for women.[10] Titled "Prix de la ville de Compiègne", the women's event took place on October 4 in Compiègne, about 30 miles (48 km) north of Paris.[11] It was held over 9 holes ranging in distance from 68 yards (62 meters) to 230 yards (210 meters);[12] the men's tournament was a 36-hole event.[13] Golf Illustrated referred to the event as the competition "in connection with the Paris Exhibition."[14] The event was called the "Exposition Competition" or "Paris World's Fair Competition";[2] it wasn’t labeled as an Olympic event.[13] Olympic historian Bill Mallon later said: "A lot of the events in 1900 were considered demonstration sports. It's very hard to tell what was an Olympic sport and what was not."[2]

Abbott learned about the tournament from a newspaper notice. Taking a break from her studies, she decided to sign-up for the event.[15] She won[16] with a score of 47 strokes.[17] Her mother, Mary, also participated in the event and tied for seventh place with a score of 65.[18] All the competitors played in long skirts and hats.[2] According to Abbott, she won "because all the French girls apparently misunderstood the nature of the game scheduled that day and turned up to play in high heels and tight skirts."[19] She was awarded a porcelain bowl embellished with gold.[6] Although few other tournaments had silver and bronze medals, no gold medals were awarded.[20] Her victory was reported in Chicago Tribune. As of 2021, it was the only time in Olympic history that a mother and daughter competed in the same event.[21]

Later life

Abbott in Chicago Tribune, November 28, 1902

Abbott continued to play golf; she was the frountrunner in the 1902 French Women's Championship. She married the writer Finley Peter Dunne (July 10, 1867 – April 24, 1936) on December 9, 1902. According to the Chicago Tribune, although the wedding ceremony "was celebrated as quietly and with as little display as possible", they received telegrams from "dozens of ... literary lights", including Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.[20] The couple later settled in New York.[2] They had four children: Finley Peter Dunne Jr., Phillip Dunne, Margaret Dunne, and Leonard Dunne.[22] Records of Abbott's ties to the Chicago Golf Club were destroyed by the burning of the clubhouse in 1912.[23] Abbott died at the age of 76 on June 10, 1955,[2] in Greenwich, Connecticut.[6]

Later research and legacy

Abbott never realized that she was the first American woman to win an Olympic event.[24] She was not well known until Paula Welch, a professor at the University of Florida and a member of the Olympic Board of Directors, researched her life. Welch spent a decade examining newspaper articles that mentioned Abbott's successes in various golfing competitions in an attempt to gain information.[9] In the mid-1980s, she contacted Philip, Abbot's son, informing him about his mother's Olympic victory.[25] Analyzing the reasons for her obscurity, Welch said: "We didn't have the coverage that we have today ... She came back. She got married. She raised her family. She played some golf, but she didn't really pursue it in tournaments."[2]

Writing for the Golf Digest in 1984, Philip wrote: "It's not every day that you learn your mother was an Olympic champion, 80-odd years after the fact ... [Abbott] herself had told us only that she had won the golf championship of Paris."[26] In 1996, Abbott was the featured athlete of the 1900 Olympic Games in the official Olympic program of the Atlanta games.[27] After 1904, golf was not included in Olympics games until the 2016 Summer Olympics.[28] In 2018, The New York Times published her belated obituary.[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ Fuller (2018), p. 113.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Fox (2018).
  3. ^ Fox (2018); Taylor (2021); Rumore (2021); Mallon & Jerris (2011), p. 25.
  4. ^ Fox (2018); Rumore (2021); Abbot (1900).
  5. ^ Fox (2018); Taylor (2021).
  6. ^ a b c Taylor (2021).
  7. ^ Holmes (2016); Lieberman (2016).
  8. ^ Fox (2018); Holmes (2016); Costa & Guthrie (1994), p. 124.
  9. ^ a b Holmes (2016).
  10. ^ Mallon (2015), p. 129.
  11. ^ Fox (2018); Taylor (2021); Olympics.
  12. ^ Taylor (2021); Olympics.
  13. ^ a b NBC Sports (2021).
  14. ^ University of Minnesota (1900), p. 28.
  15. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica (2006).
  16. ^ Emery (1984), p. 62.
  17. ^ Donnelley (2010); Olympics.
  18. ^ Fox (2018); Lieberman (2016).
  19. ^ Los Angeles Times (1989); Warner (2006), p. 87; Donnelley (2010), p. 1903.
  20. ^ a b Rumore (2021).
  21. ^ NBC Sports (2021); Warner (2006), p. 87.
  22. ^ Ellis (1969), p. 260.
  23. ^ Welch (2016), p. 754.
  24. ^ Fox (2018); Conner (2014), p. 126.
  25. ^ Fox (2018); Holmes (2016).
  26. ^ Olympics (2021); USOPM.
  27. ^ Lester (1996).
  28. ^ Lieberman (2016).

Works cited

Online sources

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Abbott&oldid=1092515499"