Yorkshire Terrier
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| Yorkshire Terrier | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 An adult Yorkshire Terrier. | |||||||||
| Common nicknames | Yorkie | ||||||||
| Origin | United Kingdom | ||||||||
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| Dog (domestic dog) | |||||||||
The Yorkshire Terrier, (diminutive / nickname: Yorkie), is a breed of small dog in the toy category. [1] [2] [3] This long-haired terrier is known for its distinctive blue and tan coat.[1] [2] Yorkies can be very small, usually weighing between 5 and 7 lb (2.5 to 3.5 kg). [4]
Appearance
Generally
The Yorkshire Terrier breed standard specifies that the dog should have a compact build and hold itself in an upright manner, conveying a confident and self-assured demeanor (a reflection of its temperament). [1] [2] The Yorkie's appearance should be one of spirit, intelligence and vigor. [1] [2] In dog shows, a Yorkie that appears sullen or lifeless will be penalized. [1] [2] Underneath the Yorkie's silky coat, its body is athletic and sturdy, designed for an active life. [5] When trotting about, the Yorkie has a free, jaunty gait, with both head and tail held high. [5] For Yorkies, toy stature does not mean frail or fragile. [5]
Coat and Color
The Yorkie should have a long, steel blue and tan coat that hangs straight and parts down the middle. However, many Yorkies do not conform directly to the standard. Some coats are black or silvery grey on the body. Tan is on the face and legs. The hair is usually straight and will grow long. Yorkies can also have somewhat wavy hair, although it is not acceptable for show dogs. In either case, Yorkie hair is soft, silky, fine, and high-maintenance, and must either be trimmed short or washed and brushed frequently. Show dogs often have their hair 'wrapped' in rice paper, after a light oiling. This prevents the hairs from being broken easily, and keeps the coat in condition. The nose, paw-pads, lips, and eye-rims should be darkly pigmented.
Temperament
The Yorkshire Terrier, though a toy breed, still retains much of its terrier ancestry in terms of personality. Though personalities differ from dog to dog, they are generally intelligent, independent and gutsy. Yorkies, especially males, are very territorial and are known for their disregard for the limitations of their own size. They will often attack much larger dogs despite their extreme size disadvantage. Because of their pugnaciousness and tendency to pounce and "hunt" they can nip and are not suitable for homes with very young children. Their small size also puts them at risk of being injured inadvertently by children. Small children should be carefully watched around Yorkies. Generally speaking, yorkies should not be homed with families with small children.
Yorkies typically get along well with other dogs and love to play together with them. However, they are terriers, and even an old, sedentary lap dog may eagerly hunt rodents. Because they are so small, they are easily injured; They usually get along well with children, but may be endangered if kept in the house with an undiscerning or abusive person, especially a child. Also, despite their small size, if attacked or continually provoked, like all dogs, they pack a surprisingly powerful bite. Some Yorkies are unaware of their small size and may even challenge larger, tougher dogs. [6]
Yorkshire Terriers tend to be more difficult to train than some of their canine cousins; however, this difficulty is considered to be a result of the breed’s characteristic prey drive rather than any major deficiency of intelligence as they were bred to work without human intervention.
Health
Yorkies tend to develop cataracts in their old age, but their small size limits the effects of conditions such as arthritis. There is also the possibility of tracheal collapse, the cause of which is thought by many to be partially genetic, and partially caused by environment, specifically, the strain an energetic Yorkie puts on its neck when straining against its collar. Most veterinarians recommend the use of a harness instead of a collar to help prevent the chronic coughing caused by partial trachea collapse.
As with many purebred dogs, the Yorkshire Terrier is prone to certain genetic disorders. Most common is the liver shunt (portosystemic shunt). In this condition some of the dog's blood bypasses the liver and as such does not get cleansed of those toxins that the liver is responsible for removing. A Yorkie with this condition might exhibit some or all of the following symptoms: small stature, poor muscle development, behavioural abnormalities, unresponsiveness, seizures, and so on; however, if treated by a veterinarian, the condition is most often reversible in time.
Hypoglycemia sometimes occurs in puppies and to a lesser degree in mature Yorkies. The puppy will seem limp and lifeless, its gums and tongue usually greyish blue in color. Often the eyes are unfocused and barely open. They may appear to be slightly sunken-in. Temperature will be sub-normal and the puppy will be shivering and trembling in the early stages. As the condition worsens, the puppy either goes into a coma or convulsions. Hypoglycemia is a metabolic disorder and death will result, unless properly diagnosed and cared for immediately, if the case is severe. The level of the blood sugar must be raised at once and the stress condition treated. A solution of 1/2 honey or any other natural sweetener and water given to the dog with an eyedropper or a turkey baster injector without the needle. This will help to raise its blood sugar, but a vet should be consulted regardless. Many times the cause of this is stress either by over handling, not eating enough in an 8-10 hour period, being left in a cold environment, or sleeping in a draft.
History
Most believe that the Yorkshire Terrier is the product of commingling Scottish and English terriers when many Scots were displaced by the Industrial Revolution and settled in England. Though pedigrees are not available for the first Yorkshire Terrier ancestors, several breeds have been suggested, including the Old English Black and Tan, which is also considered the ancestor for the Welsh Terrier and the Manchester Terrier, the Waterside Terrier, the Clydesdale Terrier, and the Paisley Terrier. The Scottish influence, brought in by the weavers during the Industrial Revolution, are the same ancestors as the Scottish Terrier, West Highland White Terrier and Cairn Terrier (all once one breed), as well as the Skye Terrier. Many have suggested that at some time the Maltese, an old breed from Malta, may be in the background of some as well.
The original Yorkshire Terrier, known as the "Broken-Haired Scotch Terrier" was a 12-to-14 pound dog with wire hair whose intended purpose was the catching of rats and other vermin that lived in small spaces.
In 1870, the breed was renamed the Yorkshire Terrier, after the county of Yorkshire, England where the breed is believed to have originated. They were originally bred for chasing mice and other small rodents out of the housed and villages and they were also used by older women as feet warmers at Sunday church.
Based on registrations, Yorkshire Terriers became the #2 most popular dog breed in the United States in 2006 according to the American Kennel Club, trailing only the Labrador Retriever. [7]
Famous Yorkies
- Smoky - a World War II hero - was owned by William Wynne of Cleveland, Ohio. Wynne adopted Smoky while he was serving with the 5th Air Force in the Pacific. [8]
- Toto from the original book version of L. Frank Baum's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
- Most recognize Toto as a Cairn Terrier from the 1939 film version, and Baum's book did not specifically state Toto's breed. However, from the illustrations in the first book many have concluded that Toto is a Yorkshire Terrier, as this breed was very popular at the time. Toto was a Boston Terrier in later books of the Oz series.
- Mignon, Lisa Douglas' Yorkshire Terrier on the television series Green Acres
- Missy Elliott owns a Yorkshire Terrier named Poncho. [9] The dog appeared in the music video for Elliott's song "Lose Control." [10]
- Bruce Willis owns a Yorkshire Terrier named Wolf Fishbein (Wolfie), after a character in the Woody Allen movie "Crimes and Misdemeanors." [11]
- A Yorkshire Terrier named Spike was the former canine sidekick of television celebrity Joan Rivers. [12] Joan Rivers also owned a Yorkie named Veronica. [13]
- Mr. Famous, Audrey Hepburn's beloved Yorkshire Terrier, appeared with her in a scene in Funny Face. [14] During the shoot of The Children's Hour, Mr. Famous was run over on Wilshire Boulevard and killed. [15] [16] After the death of Mr. Famous, Mel Ferrer gave Hepburn another Yorkie named Assam of Assam. [16]
- Kelly Rowland's Yorkshire Terrier, Mocha, was featured on an episode of Cribs on MTV. [17] [18] [19]
- Whitney Houston owns a Yorkshire Terrier named Doogie. [20] [21] [22]
- Model Gisele Bundchen has often been photographed with her Yorkshire Terrier, Vida. [23] [24] [25]
- Raven-Symone owns a Yorkshire Terrier named Shawty Pimp. [26]
- Tara Reid owns a Yorkshire Terrier named Stoli. [27] [28]
- Lizzie Grubman from MTV's PoweR Girls owns two Yorkshire Terriers named Peanut and Crunch. [29] [30]
- Tiny Pinocchio, an abnormally small Yorkshire Terrier appeared on several television programs including Oprah and the Today Show. [31] [32]
- In 2002 Guinness World Records listed a Yorkshire Terrier named Big Boss, as the smallest dog in the world. Big Boss was listed at 11.94cm (4.7in) tall when his owner, Dr. Chai Khanchanakom of Thailand, registered the toy dog with Guinness. [33]
Gallery
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Three-year-old Yorkshire Terrier
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Yorkie puppy before developing the characteristic long, flowing coat. -
A Yorkie at 7 months
External links
- The Yorkshire Terrier Club of America - Official AKC Breed Club and Official Standard
- Information on Teacup Yorkies
- FAQ on Yorkie Standard
- Smoky: The War Dog
- Sweetyblue Yorkie Show Site and Pedigree Information
- The Yorkshire Terrier National Rescue
- United Yorkie Rescue
- Yorkshire Terrier Breeder
References
- ^ a b c d e "Yorkshire Terrier Breed Standard," American Kennel Club. Retrieved from http://www.akc.org/breeds/yorkshire_terrier/index.cfm on 2007-02-17.
- ^ a b c d e "Yorkshire Terrier Breed Standard," The Kennel Club (United Kingdom). Retrieved from http://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/item/199 on 2007-02-17.
- ^ "Yorkshire Terrier Breed Standard," Australian National Kennel Council. Retrieved from http://www.ankc.aust.com/yorkshir.html on 2007-02-17.
- ^ "Yorkshire Terrier Description," Dog Breed Information Site. Retrieved from http://www.dogbreedsite.net/dog-breeds-beginning-with-y/yorkshire-terrier/ on 2007-02-17.
- ^ a b c Lane, Marion (2001). The Yorkshire Terrier: An Owner's Guide to a Happy Healthy Pet, Second Edition, Howell Book House - Wiley Publishing, Inc., ISBN 0-87605-477-7.
- ^ "Disadvantages of a Toy Dog," Yorkshire Terrier Club of America. Retrieved from http://www.ytca.org/breeder2.html on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Parrillo, Gillian (2007-01-15), "Sacramento's Favorite Dogs - 2007", Sacramento Executive. Retrieved from http://www.sacramentoexecutive.com/2007/01/sacramentos_favorite_dogs_2007.html on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Wynne, Bill, "Smoky 'Corporal Smoky' United States Army/Air Corps." Retrieved from http://www.patsyann.com/smoky.htm on 2007-02-15.
- ^ Moody, Nekesa Mumbi (2005-06-29), "Elliott Offers More Conventional Formula," Associated Press. Retrieved from http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/21240488 on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Elliott, Missy (2005-06-20). "Lose Control", The Cookbook [Music Video]. Atlantic Street. Retrieved from http://www.virginmedia.com/music/musicvideos/missyelliott_losecontrol_hi.php on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Willis, Bruce, "The Official Bruce Willis Website." Retrieved from http://www.brucewillis.com/notes/journal_detail.cfm?j_id=1 on 2007-02-12.
- ^ Witchel, Alex (1994-05-01), "Mother Courage In Milk," The New York Times. Retrieved from http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE5D91F31F932A35756C0A962958260&sec=health&spon=&pagewanted=print on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Rivers, Joan, "Joan Rivers' Blog." Retrieved from http://www.joanriversblog.com/blog/Default.aspx?YearMonth=2006.09 on 2007-02-10.
- ^ "Audrey Hepburn – A Film Bluffers Guide," The Biography Channel. Retrieved from http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/entertainment_news/146/Audrey_Hepburn.htm on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Graham, "An Audrey Hepburn Biography: A Brief Outline of the Life of Audrey Hepburn." Retrieved from http://www.audrey1.com/grahamspage/biography-page2.html on 2007-02-17.
- ^ a b "Audrey Hepburn," Answers.com. Retrieved from http://www.answers.com/topic/audrey-hepburn on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Landman, Beth (2005-08-22), "Small-Dog Days," New York Magazine. Retrieved from http://nymag.com/nymetro/news/people/columns/intelligencer/12484/index.html on 2007-02-17.
- ^ "Blast from the Past Photo," Celebrity Dog Watcher. Retrieved from http://celebritydogwatcher.com/?p=21 on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Barker, Lynn (2003-08-14), "Kelly Rowland: Singer Running Scared," TeenMusic.com. Retrieved from http://www.teenmusic.com/d.asp?r=44698&c=1004&p=2 on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Ryan, Joal (2004-04-02), "The 'Bobby and Whitney' Show?," E! Online. Retrieved from http://www.whitney-fan.com/nr/misc/2004/056.shtml and http://ak1.aka.eonline.com/News/Items/0,1,13834,00.html?newsrellink on 2007-02-17.
- ^ "Photos récentes de Whitney!," www.whitnet.org. Retrieved from http://whitnet.free.fr/news0506.htm and http://whitnet.free.fr/news0506.htm# on 2007-02-17.
- ^ "Stars & their Pets/Whitney Houston :: Photo Gallery," Beirut.com. Retrieved from http://forums.beirut.com/album/displayimage.php?album=35&pos=0 on 2007-02-17.
- ^ (2005-02-19), "Jones Apparel group: Daria, Kate, Gisele," Women's Wear Daily. Retrieved from http://community.livejournal.com/ohnotheydidnt/1179307.html and http://www.thefashionspot.com/forums/f79/jones-apparel-group-daria-kate-gisele-22160.html on 2007-02-17.
- ^ "More of Gisele with her Dogs," Celebrity Dog Watcher. Retrieved from http://celebritydogwatcher.com/?p=1470 and http://celebritydogwatcher.com/?p=1467 on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Photos retrieved from http://gentscaninesociety.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2006/08/dec24_rico.jpg and http://ofuxico.uol.com.br/Materias/Noticias/noticia_6935.htm on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Ebony Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.celebritydogwatcher.com/?p=1532 on 2007-02-17.
- ^ "Tara Reid 'The Whore of Babylon'," DeROK.net. Retrieved from http://www.derok.net/derok/bradyreid.html on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Critchell, Samantha (2002-04-08), "Five Questions with Tara Reid," The Daily Gamecock. Retrieved from http://media.www.dailygamecock.com/media/storage/paper247/news/2002/04/08/TheMix/Five-Questions.With.Tara.Reid-230217.shtml?sourcedomain=www.dailygamecock.com&MIIHost=media.collegepublisher.com on 2007-02-17.
- ^ (2004-03-22) "Best Upscale Pet Store," New York Magazine. Retrieved from http://nymag.com/urban/guides/bestofny/services/04/upscalepetstore.htm on 2007-02-17.
- ^ "Lizzie Grubman - MTV Official Biography." Retrieved from http://www.tv.com/lizzie-grubman/person/319736/biography.html on 2007-02-17.
- ^ Zucco, Tom (2003-04-22), "World's Tiniest Dog?," St. Petersburg Times. Retrieved from http://www.sptimes.com/2003/04/22/SouthPinellas/World_s_tiniest_dog.shtml on 2007-02-17.
- ^ "Appearances: Things We Did in 2003." Retrieved from http://tinypinocchio.nstemp.com/appearances.html on 2007-02-17.
- ^ (2002-01-15), "Farewell to the Smallest Dog in the World," The Scoop. Retrieved from http://dogsinthenews.com/issues/0201/articles/020115a.htm on 2007-02-17.
