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2023 heat waves

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With a deviation of over 0.7 °C from the average of the years 1991 to 2020, July 2023 marks the warmest July ever recorded. Numerous regions in the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in southern Europe, went through severe heatwaves, with anomalies of +4 °C in Italy, Greece, and Spain. Additionally, North Africa and the Canadian Arctic saw notably high temperatures, reaching peak anomalies of +5 °C and +7 °C, respectively. More detailed information can be found in the C3S Climate Bulletin.

A number of heat waves began across parts of the northern hemisphere in April 2023, many of which are ongoing. Various heat records have been broken,[1] with July being the hottest month ever recorded.[2]

Scientists have attributed the heat waves to man-made climate change.[1][2] Another cause is the El Niño phenomena which began to develop in 2023.[3] However, recent findings show that climate change is exacerbating the strength of El Nino.[4]

The heatwaves caused severe damage in areas such as the western United States, southern Europe, and parts of Asia.[5] The abnormal temperatures have led to a "very extreme" likelihood of wildfires, according to the Fire Weather Index.[6]

The heatwaves were also occurring alongside some unusually heavy flooding.[7][8]

In response to the heatwave some leaders called for greater action to stop climate change.[9] President of the United States Joe Biden has taken some measures to protect the population from extreme heat.[10][11]

Background

2023's June–July–August season was the warmest on record globally by a large margin, as El Niño conditions continued to develop.[12]
September 2023 was the warmest September on record globally, with an average surface air temperature 0.5 °C above the temperature of the previous warmest September (2020).[13]

Heat waves are one of the deadliest hazards, and in line with the IPCC prediction their frequency and magnitude are rising due to man-made climate change. The July heat wave in Southern Europe and North America would be virtually impossible and the heat wave in China would be a 1 in 250-year event without climate change. But due to climate change those events are now common.[1]

July 2023 was the hottest July on earth in the last 120,000 years and the hottest July from the beginning of temperature measurement with a wide margin.[2] During each day in July 2023, two billion people experienced heat conditions made at least three times more likely due to climate change and 6.5 billion people experienced this impact at least one day in the month.[5]

Another cause is the El Niño phenomena which began to develop in 2023. El Niño begin when parts of the Pacific Ocean became warmer than average and generally cause a rise in the global temperature as it "is moving some of the energy up from depth and dumping it into the atmosphere,"[3] However, recent findings show that climate change is exacerbating the strength of El Nino. It is increasing "the “variability" of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation" creating both stronger El Niño and La Niña events.[4]

Climate change may also cause changes in the jet streams that probably contributed to the heat waves. Warming in certain Arctic regions makes the jet stream weaker and wavier, causing different weather patterns stay longer over the same place.[14]

The entire globe

The world breached the Paris Agreement 1.5 °C warming mark for a record number of days.[15] From January to September the global mean temperature was 1.40 °C higher than the pre-industrial average (1850-1900).[16]

January

January 2023 was the seventh warmest on record and 0.25 °C warmer than the normal as well as 0.33 °C cooler than January 2020.[17]

July

The global average temperature was 17.32 °C (63.17F).[18]

The oceans

March

Above-average temperatures in the northeastern South Pacific that month.[19]

March–June

Record high sea surface temperatures in May, June, July and August 2023.

The average sea temperature of the North Atlantic Ocean was 19.9 °C, exceeding the previous record for this day set in 2020 by 0.1 °C. on March the 5th and it lasted for the next next three months and it rose on June 11 by another 0.5 °C above the record value, reaching 22.7 °C.[20]

August

On 1 August 2023 the average sea surface temperature reached 20.96 °C (69.73 °F), the highest ever recorded. Scientists worry how warm the oceans will be next March, as March is when oceans are warmest. [21]

September

In September the sea ice in Antarctica was far lower than usual. [22]

Africa

North Africa

April

There was a three-day heatwave in the Western Mediterranean region, originating in North Africa, from 26 to 28 April. The temperature reached over 40 °C in parts of Morocco and Algeria.[23]

July

Morocco, Algeria and Tunisa still had temperatures of up to 47 °C (117 °F) on July 13.[24]

A heat wave hit Tabarka, Tunisia, on July 14.[25]

There had been a week of power cuts and 40 °C (104 °F) temperatures in Cairo by July 19.[26]

18 July recorded data was:

  1. Tozeur, Tunisia, 46.9 °C (116.4 °F)[27]
  2. Chlef, Algeria 47.4 °C (117.3 °F) and many other places in excess of 44 °C (111 °F)[27]
  3. Kharga in Egypt 45.2 °C (113 °F)[27]

The heat wave became even more intense in the following days:

  • 23 July:
    • Algiers, Algeria 48.7 °C (119.7 °F) – Highest recorded temperature in the Capital city[28]
    • Kairounan, Algeria 49 °C (120 °F)
  • 24 July:
    • Tunis, Tunisia 48.9 °C (120.0 °F)

On 24 July, Ghar el-Melh in northern Tunisia reached a temperature of 50 °C (122 °F).[29]

September

Heavy rain floods Al-Marj and Derna on 12/09/2023, killing nearly 250 in Derna, Libya.[30]

Up 20,000 were reported drowned on 14/09/2023 as new floods then hit Bengazi, Libya.[31]

Sub-Saharan Africa

July

18 July recorded data was:

  • Faya, Chad 45.8 °C (114.4 °F)[27]
  • Bilma, Niger 44.4 °C (112 °F)[27]

20-07-2023 saw African temperatures suddenly tumble to a more seasonal low:[32][33]

  • Burkina Faso- 84.67 °F (29.26 °C)
  • Mali- 84.58 °F (29.21 °C)
  • Senegal- 84.04 °F (28.91 °C)
  • Mauritania- 83.88 °F (28.82 °C)
  • Djibouti- 83.30 °F (28.50 °C)
  • The Gambia- 83.05 °F (28.36 °C)
  • Guinea-Bissau- 82.49 °F (28.05 °C)
  • Niger- 82.49 °F (28.05 °C)
  • Benin– 82.45 °F (28.03 °C)
  • South Sudan- 82.35 °F (27.97 °C)

Asia

The Middle East

Main article: 2023 Asia heat wave

June

A heat wave in early June in Israel, with temperatures between 35 °C (95 °F) in Jerusalem and 45 °C (113 °F) in the Jordan Valley, along with high winds, caused hundreds of bushfires. Roads and some buildings were evacuated amid rolling electricity outages on the 2nd. Firefighters quickly controlled the fires, limiting property damage.[34]

July

152 F (66.7 C) was recorded at Persian Gulf International Airport, in Iran on July 16.[35]

Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia recorded 50.5 °C (122.9 °F) on the 18th.[27]

Wildfires hit Turkey, Bulgaria, Croatia, Albania, North Macedonia, Greece and southern Italy on the 26th and 27th.

September

Heavy rainstorms hit Greece, Turkey and Bulgaria on 07/09/2023, killing 11 leading to the declaration of a state of emergency in the affected region of Bulgaria.[36] The Greek Minister of Climate Crisis and Civil Protection Vassilis Kikilias urged people to stay indoors on 07/09/2023.[36]

A local record rainfall was recorded as around 125 kilograms per square meter of rainfall (equivalent to the usual amount for the whole of September) hit Istanbul in under 6 hours on 07/09/2023 according to the city's governor as heavy rain fell across north west Turkey's Black Sea coast.[36] Floods also hit houses areas in Igneada district of Kirklareli, Turkey on 07/09/2023.[36] Heavy rainstorms triggered flash floods across northwest Turkey, killing 6 according to the state broadcaster, TRT Haber, on 07/09/2023.[36]

Rest of Asia

Main article: 2023 Asia heat wave

February

February 2023 was recorded as the warmest in India for 122 years.[37]

April

Starting in April 2023, a record-breaking heat wave in Asia has affected multiple countries, including India, China, Laos and Thailand.[38][39]

Turkmenistan recorded 42 °C (107.6 °F) on the 26th.[40]

The European Union's Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service said on 26 April that fires started in May continued to burn from Russia's Chelyabinsk, Omsk and Novosibirsk Oblasts, Primorye Krai, Kazakhstan and Mongolia.[41]

May

Over 43 °C (109.4 °F) was recorded in Uzbekistan on 31 May.[40]

Over 41 °C (105.8 °F) was recorded in Kazakhstan on 31 May.[40]

Over 45 °C (111.2 °F) was recorded in China on 31 May.[40]

June

Beijing hit 40 °C (104 °F) on the 6th after 10 days of above 35 °C (95 °F). The government ordered all employers to stop any outdoor work and for people to work from home if they could.[42]

Parts of Mongolia recorded 30 °C (86 °F), especially in eastern steppe and southern Gobi provinces, with a prediction of 38 °C (100 °F) for the 21st, in the Khanbogd Soum.[43]

Heatstroke claimed 22 lives in Mardan, Islamabad on 26 June and temperatures rose above the seasonal average.[44]

July

On 16 July 2023, China recorded a record-breaking temperature of 52.2 °C (126.0 °F) at Aydang, Turpan, Xinjiang Province.[45]

Weather data on July 16, 2023, was as follows:

  1. 52.2 °C (126 °F) in Sanbao, China[35]
  2. 35 °C (95 °F) in Beijing[35]
  3. 52.2 °C at Aydang, Turpan, Xinjiang Province[46]

The Japanese government and NHK issued health advice to the general public as heatstroke alerts for 20 of the country's 47 prefectures, mostly east and southwest on 16 July.[47]

16 July data was recorded as:[47]

  1. Kiryu city in Gunma Prefecture, hit 39.7 °C
  2. Hachioji in western Tokyo hit 38.9 °C
  3. Hirono town in Fukushima Prefecture hit 37.3 °C
  4. Nasushiobara with 35.4 °C

Torrential rain poured down in northern Japan, causing floods and a resultant landslide on 16 July.[47]

The Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) issued a heat wave warning on the 19th and warned people to expected temperatures of 33 °C for the foreseeable future, with southern Gangwon Province, North Chungcheong Province and some southern regions to see some rain which was expected to be about 5 to 20 millimetres in total depth on the 19th.[48]

On the 20th a heatwave is declared in Mongolia after temperatures of 38 °C (100 °F) continue in the Khanbogd soum.

Japan's government and Fire and Disaster Management Agency responded to the ongoing excessive heat by issuing more heath advisory notices to the public on 19 July. The Fire and Disaster Management Agency's official weekly statistics for 19 July showed 8,189 (4,484 were 65 or over) were hospitalized that week, up 200% compared to the previous week and the same week in 2022. Tokyo had the highest number with 1,066, up 460% compared to 2022. 3,215 got heatstroke at home 1,445 got it outside nationwide. 3 people had also died that week as the heat reached 39 °C in many parts of Japan on 19 July.[49]

South Korea and China had reported deadly floods due to unusually heavy rains, leaving several dozen people dead on the 23rd.[50] The record heat continued in Japan and Korea on the 23rd.[50]

The remnants of Typhoon Doksuri hits Hebei province and Beijing, killing 21 people as it did so. 744.8 millimeters (29.3 inches) of rain fell on Beijing between July 26 and August 2 according to the Beijing Meteorological Bureau as Beijing and the province of Hebei had floods that destroyed roads, knocked out power and cut water pipes. Zhuozhou, in Hebei was so badly hit that local police posted a plea on Weibo for lights to assist rescue workers in the devastated city.[51][52][53][54][55][56]

August

It was 35 °C (95 °F) at Seoul, S. Korea on August 4.[57][58]

33 died on 14\08\2023 as a flood induced landslide hit villages in India's Himalayan regions.[8]

September

Flood induced landslides hit Shimla in the Indian Himalayas on 07/09/2023.[59]

Heavy rain induced floods hit Hong Kong breaking the 1884 record (158.1 millimetres) and Shenzhen's 1952 record on 09/09/2023.[60]

October

High temperatures, a sand storm and air pollution form a toxic smog over Dushanbe on 08/10/2023.[61]

Europe

The Balkans

Main article: 2023 European heat waves
See also: 2023 Carinthia and Slovenia floods and 2023 Emilia-Romagna floods

July

Athens records a temperature of 41 °C (106 °F)[62] and Santorini hits 41 °C (106 °F)[62] 19 July 2023.

Bush fires hit Rhodes on 22 and 23 July.[63]

Bush fires hit Lardos and Kiotari, Greece on 23 July. Rhodes was 49 °C (120 °F) on the 23rd, with the evacuation of tourists starting that day. Eight EU countries sent firemen to help Greece, while Israel, Jordan and Turkey sent mostly aerial equipment to the Greek fire brigade.[63]

Corfu is hit by forest and bush fires. Tourists are evacuated from Corfu in response on the 25th.[64]

Albania set its all-time high temperature record at 44 °C (111 °F) in Kuçovë on 2023/07/24.[65]

Wildfires hit Turkey, Bulgaria, Croatia, Albania, North Macedonia, Greece and southern Italy on the 26th and 27th.

The 27th saw wild fires in and around Sicily, Dubrovnik, Rhodes, Gran Canaria, Lisbon and Cascais in Portugal.[66][67]

August

Heavy rain causes mass flooding in Slovenia on the 6th and 7th, killing seven people and causing over $500 million worth of damage over 66% of the nation's area and is reported as the worst natural disaster to have hit the country in history.[68][69][70][71][72]

Over 600 firefighters from Greece and several other European countries, along with a fleet of water-dropping planes and helicopters, fought major wildfires in Greece, 20 people have died in the fires by 27/08/2023.[73]

September

Heavy rainstorms hit Greece, Turkey and Bulgaria on 07/09/2023, killing 11 leading to the declaration of a state of emergency in the affected region of Bulgaria.[36]

Heavy rains hit the Pagasetic Gulf and central Greece. Kala Nera village and the nearby port city of Volos were flooded by heavy rains on 07/09/2023 in which 2 people died.[36] Larissa was evacuated due to heavy flooding, central Greece, on 07/09/2023.[36] The Greek Minister of Climate Crisis and Civil Protection Vassilis Kikilias urged people to stay indoors on 07/09/2023.[36]

Heavy floods along Bulgaria's Black Sea coast triggered a state of emergency in that region of Bulgaria on 07/09/2023.[36]

The Iberian Peninsula

Main article: 2023 European heat waves
A temperature anomaly map for April 2023 showing the range of the heat wave.

April

Europe broke its temperature record for April when the air at Córdoba Airport reached 38.8 °C (101.8 °F).[23][74] On 26 April, a Sentinel-2 image showed that the Fuente de Piedra Lagoon went completely dry for the first time.[75] A rapid attribution study by World Weather Attribution found that the heatwave would probably have been more than 2 °C cooler without climate change and that climate change made the heat wave 100 times more likely to occur.[76]

July

Temerities for 19 July 2023 stood at.

  1. Seville 41 °C (106 °F).[62]
  2. Madrid 37 °C (99 °F).[62]
  3. Catalonia- 45.3 C (113 F) (an all-time record).[35]

A forest fire hit La Palma on 22 July that led to 500 people being evacuated.[50] The 27th saw wild fires in and around Sicily, Dubrovnik, Rhodes, Gran Canaria, Lisbon and Cascais in Portugal.[66][67]

August

Forest fires hit 19 villages in the Algarve, including Odeceixe and Monchique, on the 8th.[77]

The highest recorded temperature of 46.8 °C was reached in Valencia on 11 August. Intense Heatwave conditions, the third such occurrence this summer, were expected to continue in the coming days and week over the Mediterranean region.[78] Wild fires occur across Tenerife on 16/08/2023.[79] Major wildfires hit Tenarife on 16/08/2023.[80] Parts of the island of Mallorca was put under yellow and orange weather alerts. Palma police reported felled trees and weather induced damage to buildings in the city. As storms lashed Palma Port the P&O Cruises ship Britannia broke free of its mooring and collided with another ship. The wind had gusts of up to 100 km/h on 28/08/2023.[81]

September

Heavy rain hits Spain on 03/09/2023 and 04/09/2023. Madrid's Mayor, José Luis Martínez-Almeida, told people to stay indoors and said the 1972 rain fall record had been broken with a volume approaching 120 litres per square metre 04/09/2023.[82]

The Spanish National Weather Agency declared a nationwide red alert for flooding due to extreme rain fall. A man died during a flood in Villamanta as unusually high amounts of hail and rain hit regions of Castile, Catalonia and Valencia on 05/09/2023.[83]

British Isles

May

Midday temperatures in Bicester and Banbury UK, hit 26C, with a regional average of 24C to 25C on 21\05\2023.

July

11 flood alerts were issued by UK officials as torrential rain hit Lancashire on July 22.[7] The Met Office issued a severe weather warning for the whole county on 23rd.[84]

Flood warnings re issued on 23rd and 24th for 12 local areas in Lancashire, Merseyside, Greater Manchester and Yorkshire as well as isolated alerts in Leicestershire and Middlesbrough.[85] Blackpool and Thornton are partly flooded.[86]

July 2023 in Lancashire, Merseyside, Greater Manchester and N. Ireland record the wettest July ever with Lancashire's being the wettest on record with 247% of normal rainfall levels.[87]

August

Eastern parts of Cleveland, Yorkshire were flooded August 4, 5 and 6, especially in Teesside's Loftus and Skinningrove, and the town of Reddcar.[88][89][90]

Midday temperatures in Birmingham UK, hit 27 °C, with a regional average of 24 °C to 25 °C that day 25/08/2023.

September

The Port Clarence and Stockton Village districts of Teesside are flooded on 05\09\2023.[91]

Midday temperatures in Birmingham and Banbury UK, hit 27C on 07\09\2023 and 09/09/2023.

Heavy fog and 25C hit Langland Bay near Swansea and Barry Island Cardiff Bay on 10/09/2023.[92]

The Met Office declare a flood alert in Devon and Cornwall on 17/09/2023.[93] Heavy rain induced floods and storm induced power-cuts hit parts of Exeter, Newton Abbot, Kingsteignton, Newton Abbot, Chudleigh, Totnes, Torquay, Widdicombe, Kingsbridge, Bigbury, Bantham, Plymouth, Tiverton, Crediton and Brixington the south coast of Devon, UK, on 20/09/2023.[94] The online traffic service Inrix also reported flooding at Teignmouth, Dawlish and Exeter. The Penn Inn flyover at Newton Abbot was flooded with a large puddle according to the local police and fire brigade.[95] A major thunder storm hit Torquay and record rainfall hits the West Country.[93]

Heavy rain induced floods hit Exeter in Devon on 24/09/2023.[96]

Over a month's worth of rain fell in 24 hours over Scotland on 07/10/2023. The A83 was hit by seven landslides. The Met Office issued an amber flood warning that morning in Angus, Perth and Kinross, Aberdeenshire, Moray and Highland until 2:00pm the next day.[97][98] The A83 between Tarbet and Lochgilphead was blocked by a major landslide.[99]

Heavy rain induced flooding hits several places in Wales on 22/09/2023.[100].

Heavy rain induced flooding hits parts of Greater London on 26/09/2023[101].

Major rain induced flooding and landsides hit scotland between 28/09/2023 and 10/10/2023.[102][103][104][105][106][107][106]

October

Trains are canceled as emergency repairs occur on the line between Morpth and Newcastle on 09/10/2023.[108]

The Whitesands flood protection scheme in Dumfries is given the go-ahead by Dumfries and Galloway Council on 06/10/2023. [109]

Midday temperatures in Oxford and Banbury UK, hit 14C 09/10/2023.

Rest of Europe

Main article: 2023 European heat waves
See also: 2023 Carinthia and Slovenia floods and 2023 Emilia-Romagna floods
The extent of the Emilia-Romagna floods on 18–20 May 2023.

July

Northern Norway's Slettnes Lighthouse, reached 28.8 °C (83.8 °F) on 13 July[110]

A major extended heatwave affecting most of Europe through mid-July was named "Cerberus" by the Italian Meteorological Society[111] and brought record temperatures into the Arctic.[112]

On July 18, temperatures reached as high as:[113]

  1. Sardinia 47 °C (117 °F)[62] or 46 °C (115 °F).[114]
  2. Rome 41.8 °C (107.2 °F)[62] 42.9 C, or 109F (an all-time record).[35]
  3. Sicily- 46.3 C (115 F) (an all-time record).[35] 19 July 2023

16 Italian cities were under red alerts for heat, including Rome, Florence and Bologna on 23 July.[50]

Officially, the air temperature reached 48.0 °C (118.4 °F) on 24 July at Jerzu, Sardinia during the heatwave which if validated, would be the highest temperature recorded in Europe during the month of July

1 died and 15 were hurt as a storm hits La Chaux-de-Fonds in northwestern Switzerland on the 23rd.[115]

The 27th saw wild fires in and around Sicily, Dubrovnik, Rhodes, Gran Canaria, Lisbon and Cascais in Portugal.[66][67]

August

In Ukraine, the temperature reached 40 °C, around Zaporizhzhia and lake in Sloviansk on August 5.[116]

30 cm of hail fell on the German city of Reutlingen on August 5.[117]

Floods and landslides hit southern Norway on Augst 9th.[118] A poorly built dam on the Glåma River, at the Braskereidfoss hydroelectric power plant collapses.[119]

3,500 were evacuated from forest fires in Argeles-sur-Mer, France on 16/08/2023.[79] Major wildfires hit Tenarife on 16/08/2023.[80]

It reaches 30C in the Alpes-Maritimes, Var, Hautes-Alpes and Alpes-de-Haute-Provence departments in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (PACA) region of France on 17/08/2023[120]

The district office of Garmisch-Partenkirchen in Bavaria, declared a state of disaster in the municipality of Bad Bayersoien, after 80% of its building were seriously damaged by 8 cm hailstones on 27/08/2023.[121]

The temperature hit 43.2°C in and Menton Carcassonne, 42.5°C Toulouse and 30.4°C in the rest of France on 23/08/2023. [122]

The Poppea cyclone struck the Ligurian Sea in Northern Italy causing landslides and floods have washed away roads overlooking Lake Como on 27/08/2023.[123] Flash floods hit Genoa on 28/08/2023 and Sondrio as flood alerts remained in place in Piedmont and Lombardy remained in place on 28/08/2023.[124][123]

Over 100mm of rain fell in regions of Vorarlberg, Tyrol, Salzburg and Carinthia causing evacuations, rail routes and bridges were closed due to flash flooding in Bad Gastein, Salzburg on 29/08/2023.[125]

North America

Main article: 2023 Western North America heat wave

May

Arviat, Nunavut recorded 21.2 °C (70.2 °F) on 13 May.[126]

June

An intense heat wave impacted Puerto Rico and the Caribbean in early June, bringing record highs to San Juan and causing the heat index to reach 125 °F (52 °C) in one town.[127]

In Mexico, Merida, Yucatan reached it highest recorded heat index of 55.6 °C on June 11, surpassed the next day to reach 56.1 °C; the air temperature was near to 41 °C.[128]

The heat wave swept northern states, such as Sonora where temperatures (before the heat index) were recorded as high as 49 °C (120 °F).[129] Over 100 people died from heat stroke or dehydration.[130]

July

In Canada on July 8 Norman Wells, Northwest Territories, at 65°N, reached 37.9 °C (100.2 °F), the first temperature over 37.8 °C (100 °F) this far north. Massive wildfires, consuming more land area in Canada this year than ever recorded continued to rage in the area.[131]

Canada recorded 3 new trempriture highs on 11/07/2023:[18]

  1. 37.4C in Fort Good Hope, Northwest Territories (NWT)
  2. 37.9C (100.2F), in Norman Wells, Northwest Territories (NWT)
  3. 37.8C in Ottawa.

Miami broke its record for the most consecutive days with the heat index exceeding over 100 °F ending on July 26 after 46 days.[35]

Death Valley recorded a daily record high of 128 °F (53.3 °C) on July 16 surpassing the previous marks of 127 °F in 1972 and 2005.[35]

In the United States, "an extreme heat wave" affected many states including Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and California. Temperatures reached as high as 53 °C (128 °F) in Death Valley, while Phoenix reached 48 °C (119 °F) on a few days and broke the previous record of 18 consecutive days exceeding 110 °F (43 °C), for a total of 31 consecutive days (every day in July).[132][133] Heat warnings were issued across many southern states as far east as Florida, where record high ocean temperatures were observed.[134] The U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) issued its first ever excessive heat advisory for Miami, Florida on July 17, 2023.[35]

Phoenix recorded its all-time high minimum temperature of 97 °F (36.1 °C) on July 19 surpassing the previous record of 96 °F on July 15, 2003.[35]

Phoenix also broke its record for most consecutive days with highs over 110 °F (43.3 °C) ending on July 30 after 31 days exceeding the previous streak of 18 days back in 1974 by a significant margin.[35]

On July 31 the Eagle Bluff Fire triggered the evacuation of Osoyoos, British Columbia.[135] Both US and Canadian officials estimated that around 890 ha (2,200 acres) on the Canadian side of the border were on fire due to extended dryness and heat in June into July, due to seasonally high temperatures of 31–32 °C (88–90 °F) at the time of the fire. 2,000 acres (3.13 square miles) on the US side of the border burned.[135] One firefighter died on the Canadian side.[135] 1,500 blazes were burning in Washington State and British Columbia that day and 101 are out of control.[135]

August

California's week old York Fire was the state's biggest that year by August 1, at over 125 square miles (323.7 square kilometers) and was 23% contained according to Californian fire officials.[136] About 400 firefighters were fighting the blaze and had to balance their efforts with concerns about disrupting the fragile ecosystem in California's Mojave National Preserve.[136]

Oklahoma's heat index reached 115 °F (46 °C) several times and extreme heat persisted in Texas through August 4.

Wild fires burn down Kaanapali, north of the town of Lahaina, Hawaii on the 10th.[137]

20,000 evacuated from Yellowknife 11/08/2023 and near Ndılǫ, Dettah and Ingraham Trail on 1/08/2023.[138] Enterprise was mostly destroyed and Hay River was endangered by the fires.[138]

Floods hit Las Vagas on 24\08\2023.[139]

Maui County Emergency Management Agency announce the end of its bush fire evacuation order on 27\08\2030.[140]

Palm Springs is cut off by floods on 27/08/23.[141] Over 40 million people were under tropical storm warnings as Storm Hilary caused flooding in LA and Cathederal City as well as causing widespread destruction across California and Nevada 27/08/2023.

Wild fires burn the Hawaiian town of Lahaina to the ground 27/08/2023.

Mexico's arid Baja California Peninsula is flooded as a hurricane hits it causing one death and widespread floods before being degraded down to a tropical storm 27/08/2023.

September

A major heat wave takes place in the northern portion of the United States, especially around Minnesota around the first few days of September 2023. Maximum temperatures were above 90 degrees Fahrenheit throughout almost the entire state of Minnesota, with some areas of the state recording temperatures above 100 degrees F. The Twin Cities had its hottest Labor Day on record with a maximum temperature of 98 degrees Fahrenheit.[142]

The 0% contained Oregon Road Fire and the 10% contained 2 day old Grays Fire had killed 2 people so far and covered 10,000 acres of woodland. Mass evacuations occurred in case wild fires engulfed the threatened towns of Medical Lake and Four Lakes. Spokane County Emergency Management said the Grays Fire had stopped growing towards Medical Lake and Four Lakes 03/09/2023.[143]

Tropical Storm Hilary brings heavy rains in Washington State on 04/09/2023 and 05/09/2023. It was hoped that it would douse the Washington wildfires and end the previous day's statewide state of emergency and the earlier county wide states of emergency.[143]

Yellow Knife and West Kelowna are threatened by major forest fires on 18\08\2023 and Yellow Knife is evacuated [144]

One person had died and at least 185 buildings were destroyed after a 0% contained 15 Square mile wind-driven wildfire spread out west side of Medical Lake, west of Spokane on 18\09\2023 and 19\09\2023.[145]

Canada records its most severe wildfire season to date, with a total of just over 1,000 active fires on 18\09\2023. A destining fact was that 236 were in the usually colder Northwest Territories, which had so far consumed over 2,000,000 hectares of land and the evacuation of over half of the territory's population. Major forest fires begin to approach Yellow Knife. West Kelowna's firefighters were losing the battle with the 10,500 hectares 0% contained McDougall Creek wildfire, resulting in the evacuation of thousands of residents in West Kelowna and north of nearby Kelowna. The premier of British Columbia has declared a state of emergency and further evacuations from the cities to the east of Vancouver.[146]

October

A late season heat wave took place in a large part of the United States, especially in the northern states such as Minnesota. At least 15 US states had recorded temperatures of 90 degrees and above, with some areas experiencing temperatures above 100 degrees Fahrenheit as far north as Iowa. [147] This heat wave was notable for record high minimum temperature, with International Falls reaching its record high minimum temperature for October on October 2 with a temperature of 69 degrees Fahrenheit. The heat wave resulted in a cancellation of the Twin Cities Marathon for the first time in its history since it began in 1982. The lakes were warm enough to go swimming in many parts of Minnesota.[148]

Central America

July

The Panamanian Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology issues public heath advice as it reports tempritures of 42C in Panama City, with abnormal high heat in Chiriqui, Veraguas, Los Santos, Herrera, Cocle, West Panama, Colon, Darien, Guna Yala and Embera Wounan regions on July 29.[149]

South America

Main article: 2023 South America heat wave

August

On August 2, 2023, a heat wave hit South America, leading to temperatures in many areas above 95 °F (35 °C) in midwinter with some locations setting all-time heat records.[150]

12/08/2023 saw Rio de Janeiro break a 117-year heat record. Chile saw highs towards 40C and Bolivia saw temperatures rise badly Asunción saw 33 °C (91 °F).[151]

Australasia

February

The Australian Bureau of Meteorology forecast heatwaves occurring around Australia over the next few days and had already put high temperature warnings in place in all of Australia's states except for Canberra, Jervis Bay and Northern Territory on 15 February.[152]

Russian Federation

Main article: 2023 Asia heat wave

April

The head of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, Alexander Kurenkov, traveled to the fire that hit Kurgan Oblast on 26 April.[41]

The European Union's Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service said on 26 April that fires started in May continued to burn from Russia's Chelyabinsk, Omsk and Novosibirsk Oblasts, Primorye Krai, Kazakhstan and Mongolia.[41]

May

80 fires were active over an area of 113,500 hectares (280,000 acres) in the regions of the Ural Federal District on 8 May.[41]

June

37.9 degrees Celsius (100.2 Fahrenheit) in Jalturovosk on 3 June.[40]

8 June data was recorded at[40]

  1. 38.0 °C (100.4 °F) Zdvinsk
  2. 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) Tomsk tie
  3. 38.0 °C (100.4 °F) Verkhoyansk
  4. 38.2 °C (100.8 °F) Kupino
  5. 36.7 °C (98.1 °F) Kolyvan
  6. 36.3 °C (97.3 °F) Ermakovskoe
  7. 35.3 °C (95.5 °F) Tastyp

It was revealed on 8 June that the wildfires in Russia's Ural Mountains during May had killed at least 21 people.[40]

July

On 11 July 2023 in Yekaterinburg (56° north latitude) in Russia for the first time in the history of meteorological observations (more than 187 years), a temperature of +40 °C (104 °F) was recorded and Verkhoyansk, in Russia's Sakha Republic, recorded a temperature of 38C on 11/07/2023.[18][153]

August

3/08/2023 saw predictions of heatwave on 5/08/2023 in the Krasnodar Krai.[154][155]

A large fire occurred on 29/08/2023 in the Gelendzhik in Krasnodar Krai area and had an area of fifty thousand square meters according to the Russian Ministry of Emergency Management. The strong winds fanned the flames that day. 195 people, 45 firefighting units, a Mi-8 helicopter helped fight the fire, but the helicopter is grounded at night. The local administration of Gelendzhik called on the local residents to help in fight the fire.[156]

Political, charity, NGO, UN, scientific and corporate responses

China's top diplomat Wang Yi met with United States Special Presidential Envoy for Climate John Kerry in Beijing on 18 July 2023

China's top diplomat Wang Yi and American diplomat John Kerry called for "global leadership" on climate issues.[9]

Some meteorological scientists officially blamed climate change for the event.[50] A marine heat wave roughly 60 miles off California's coast was accused by meteorologists of helping fuel Hurricane Hilary.[157]

On August 2, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee and the president of the People's Republic of China, urged local officials to make every effort to find the 29 individuals who are missing and the may people who were trapped rising flood waters.[158]

In the end of July, Joe Biden announced some measures to protect Americans from the heat waves. Those include a safety rules for workers who work outdoors with the mechanism of enforcement, ensuring access to water to communities in danger, improving weather forecasts. The money is partly coming from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and Inflation Reduction Act. Biden also met the mayors of Phoenix, Arizona and San Antonio to understand better the needs of the cities who were severely impacted by the heatwave. Even before the heatwave some measures already have been taken: cooling centers and more efficient buildings.[10][11]

Antarctica

The temperatures in an area of east Antarctica, known as "Dome C" was 2C above normal temperatures on 27/09/2023, unlike March 18, 2022, when it reached at -10C, 39C above normal seasonal heat levels. [159]

See also

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