List of tsunamis in Europe
Appearance
The following is a list of notable tsunamis in Europe.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/92/Messina_earthquake.jpg/220px-Messina_earthquake.jpg)
Causes
[edit]Most of the tsunamis that have occurred within Europe have happened in the Mediterranean Sea because in the Mediterranean Sea there are earthquakes, submarine landslide and volcanoes. Most of the earthquakes occur on the Eurasian Plate but earthquakes and submarine landslide also occur in western Europe like France, Norway and the United Kingdom which have been struck by tsunamis.
Tsunamis
[edit]Date | Country | Dead | Cause | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
~6225-6170 BC | ![]() |
Unknown | Underwater landslide | Storegga Slide, Norway[1] |
6000 BC | ![]() |
Unknown | Volcanic eruption | |
3500 BC | ![]() |
Many | Tsunami | Unclear[2] |
1410 BC | ![]() |
Unknown | Volcanic eruption | [3] |
426 BC | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | 426 BC Malian Gulf tsunami[3] |
373 BC | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | An earthquake and a tsunami destroyed the prosperous Greek city Helike, lying 2 km away from the sea. The fate of the city, which remained permanently submerged, was often commented upon by ancient writers and may have inspired Plato when writing his story of Atlantis in Timaeus and Critias.[3] |
227 BC | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | 226 BC Rhodes earthquake[3] |
210 BC | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [4] |
79 AD | ![]() |
Unknown | Volcanic eruption | A smaller tsunami was witnessed in the Bay of Naples by Pliny the Younger during the eruption of Mount Vesuvius.[5] |
21 July 365 | ![]() |
Thousands | 8.0 earthquake | 365 Crete earthquake[3] |
7 July 551 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [3] |
15 August 554 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [3] |
24 October 842 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [6] |
1050 | ![]() |
Unknown | Volcanic eruption | [3] |
11 November 1099 | ![]() |
Unknown | Unknown | [6] |
1 October 1134 | ![]() ![]() |
Unknown | Unknown | [7] |
4 February 1169 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [5] |
11 May 1222 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [3] |
8 August 1303 | ![]() |
Thousands | 8.0 earthquake | 1303 Crete earthquake[3] |
25 November 1343 | ![]() |
Loss of lives recorded unknown number. | Earthquake | [5] |
5 December 1456 | ![]() |
30,000–70,000 | Earthquake | [5] Largest earthquake to strike Italy. |
3 May 1481 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [3] |
6 April 1580 | ![]() |
120 | Earthquake/Underwater landslide | The 5.9 earthquake caused freak waves in the Strait of Dover which were observed in England and France.[6] |
30 January 1607 | ![]() |
2,000 | disputed tsunami caused by earthquake off Ireland | |
27 March 1638 | ![]() |
9,581–30,000 | Earthquake | [5] |
6 April 1667 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | The tsunami struck the city of Dubrovnik.[8] |
9 October 1680 | ![]() |
Unknown | Unknown | [9] |
11 January 1693 | ![]() |
1000 | Earthquake | [5] |
1693 | ![]() |
Unknown | Volcanic earthquake | [10] |
21 February 1723 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [3] |
20 February 1743 | ![]() |
180–300 | Earthquake | [5] |
14 May 1748 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [3] |
7 July 1757 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [6] |
21 January 1760 | ![]() ![]() |
Unknown | Underwater landslide | [11] |
5 September 1767 | ![]() |
Unknown | Unknown | [12] |
February 5, February 6, February 7, March 1, March 28, 1783 | ![]() |
50,000 | Earthquakes | [5] |
1 November 1755 | ![]() |
10,000 | Earthquake | [13] |
31 March 1761 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | Moderate tsunami observed in Cornwall and Barbados. |
18 September 1763 | ![]() |
Unknown | Unknown | [6] |
2 April 1808 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | An earthquake in Italy caused a possible tsunami that was observed in Marseille, France.[5][14] |
23 August 1817 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [3] |
29 December 1820 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [3] |
5 July 1843 | ![]() |
Unknown | Unknown | [6] |
12 October 1856 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [3] |
19 September 1867 | ![]() |
12 | Earthquake | [3] |
3 April 1881 | ![]() |
7,866 | Earthquake | [3] |
27 August 1886 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [3] |
23 February 1887 | ![]() |
Unknown | Earthquake | [5][14] |
14 June 1893 | ![]() |
Unknown | 7.5 earthquake | [15] |
31 March 1901 | ![]() |
0 | 7.2 earthquake | [16] |
16 January 1905 | ![]() |
61 | Landslide | [17] |
8 September 1905 | ![]() |
557 | Earthquake | [5] |
28 December 1908 | ![]() |
200,000 | 7.2 earthquake | [5] |
11 September 1930 | ![]() |
2 | Earthquake | [5] |
26 September 1932 | ![]() |
491 | Earthquake | 1932 Ierissos earthquake[3] |
7 April 1934 | ![]() |
40 |
Landslide | [17] |
13 September 1936 | ![]() |
74 | Landslide | [17] |
September 10 1953 | ![]() |
40 | Earthquake | |
9 July 1956 | ![]() |
3 | Earthquake | [3] |
9 July 1956 | ![]() |
56 | Earthquake | [3] |
9 October 1963 | ![]() |
1,450 | Landslide | |
28 February 1969 | ![]() |
0 | Earthquake | [13] |
21 June 1978 | ![]() |
0 | Meteorologic | [18] |
16 October 1979 | ![]() |
8-23 | Landslide and underwater landslide | [19] |
1 January 1980 | ![]() |
0 | Earthquake | [13] |
13 December 1990 | ![]() |
6 | Earthquake | [5] |
30 December 2002 | ![]() |
0 | Landslide | [5] |
21 May 2003 | ![]() |
0 | Earthquake | The earthquake was off the coast of Algeria.[20][21] |
29 June 2011 | ![]() |
0 | Underwater landslide | [6][22][23][24] |
30 October 2020 | ![]() |
1 | Earthquake | A magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck off the coast of Turkey, producing a 2.2 meter-high tsunami that would later strike the coast of Turkey, and the Aegean Islands, including Ikaria, Kos, Chios, and Samos.[25][20] |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Deposits Evidence Search". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ Bondevik, Stein; Mangerud, Jan; Dawson, Sue; Dawson, Alastair; Lohne, Øystein (1 August 2005). "Evidence for three North Sea tsunamis at the Shetland Islands between 8000 and 1500 years ago". Quaternary Science Reviews. 24 (14): 1757–1775. Bibcode:2005QSRv...24.1757B. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.10.018. hdl:1956/735. ISSN 0277-3791.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?op_14=eq&v_14=PORTUGAL&bt_10=1&d=7&t=101650&s=70 [dead link]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?op_14=eq&v_14=NORTH+SEA&bt_10=1&d=7&t=101650&s=70 [dead link]
- ^ Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ a b c Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ a b "Evaluating and preventing the tsunami risk for France's metropolitan and overseas coasts - Sénat". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ a b c Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ "Riješena zagonetka plimnog vala koji je pogodio Vela Luku 1978. godine". Dubrovački vjesnik. Archived from the original on 31 January 2016. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ a b Paula Dunbar. "Tsunami Events Full Search, sort by Date, Country". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ "Tsunamis in Spain". Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ Bowater, Donna (29 June 2011). "Landslide causes tsunamis off the coast of Cornwall". London: Telegraph. Archived from the original on July 2, 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-19.
- ^ "Home of the Daily and Sunday Express | UK News :: Tsunami waves hit UK coastline". Express.co.uk. 2011-06-30. Retrieved 2011-09-19.
- ^ "South coast hit by tsunami after ocean landslide". mirror.co.uk. 2011-06-30. Retrieved 2011-09-19.
- ^ "Serious tsunami hits Greece and Turkey after 7.0 earthquake". Unesco. 12 Nov 2020. Retrieved 2021-07-03.