Portacaval anastomosis
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A portacaval anastomosis (also known as portal systemic anastomosis or portal caval system or caval system) is a specific type of anastomosis that occurs between the veins of portal circulation and those of systemic circulation. The lower end of esophagus is one of the important sites for the port systemic anastomosis . In portal hypertension the anastomosis opens and forms venous dilatation called esophageal varices .their rupture causes severe and dangerous haematesis Specific types include:
Region | Name of clinical condition | Portal circulation | Systemic circulation |
Esophageal | Esophageal varices | Left gastric vein | Azygous vein |
Rectal | Hemorrhoids | Superior rectal vein and Inferior rectal vein | Middle rectal veins and inferior rectal veins |
Paraumbilical | Caput medusae | Paraumbilical veins | superficial epigastric vein |
Retroperitoneal | (no clinical name) | Right colic vein, middle colic vein, left colic vein | Renal vein, suprarenal vein, paravertebral vein, and gonadal vein |
Patent ductus venosus | (no clinical name) - rare | Left branch of portal vein | Inferior vena cava |
It can be one of the conditions caused by portal hypertension. A useful mnemonic is that portal hypertension causes problems in the butt, the gut, and caput. A dilated inferior mesenteric vein may or may not be related to portal hypertension.
References
- Compendio de Anatomía humana. Testut- LaTarjet
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