List of Spanish words borrowed from Italian
List of Spanish words borrowed from Italian is a list of Spanish words of Italian origin. It is further divided into words that come from Modern Italian and from actual colloquial Italian in Spanish Latinoamerica. Some of these words have alternate etymologies and may also appear on a list of Spanish words borrowed from a different language.
Italian
Since the Middle Ages the Italian Maritime Republics (mainly the Republic of Genova) have influenced the Spanish language. But the biggest borrowings happened during the Italian Renaissance centuries. The following is a small list of these borrowings:
- alarme (all'arme) - en.: alarm
- alerta (all'erta) - en.: alert
- andante (andante)
- antepasto (antipasto)
- arcada (arcate) - en.: arcade
- ária (aria)
- aquarelo (acquarella) - en.: watercolour
- atarantar
- arpegio (arpeggio)
- azufre
- bajo
- balcón
- balón
- banquete (banchetto) - en.: banquet
- barista (barista)
- batallon (battaglione) - en.: battalion
- batuta (battuta)
- belvedere (belvedere)
- boletin (bollettino) - en.: bulletin
- bravada (bravata)
- birra (birra) - en.: beer
- brújula
- cantata (cantata)
- capitán (capitano) - .en: captain
- capricho (capriccio)
- capuchino (cappuccino)
- caricatura (caricatura)
- carnaval (carnevale) - en.: carnival
- centinela
- chelo
- charlar
- charlatan
- commando
- comparsa
- contrabando
- cúpula
- daga
- escorzo
- espagueti
- estropear
- fachada
- fiesta (festa) - en.: fest, party
- fiasco (fare fiasco) - en.: fiasco
- fólio (foglio)
- fragata (fregata) - en.: frigate
- galeria (galleria) - en.: wikt:gallery
- gazetin (gazzetta) - en.: gazette
- girafa (giraffa) - en.: giraffe
- gondola (gondola)
- grafito (graffiti)
- granito (granito) - en.: granite
- grotesco (grottesco) - en.: grotesque
- grupo (gruppo) - en.: group
- gueto (ghetto)
- laburar
- lasaña
- lava
- millón
- mufa
- ñoqui
- novella
- opera
- pavana
- piano
- pizza
- radio
- remolacha
- sémola
- sentinela (sentinella) - en.: sentinel
- serenata (serenata)
- sinfonia (sinfonia) - en.: symphony
- solfejo (solfeggio)
- solo (solo)
- sonata (sonata)
- soneto (sonneto) = en.: sonnet
- soprano (soprano)
- tenor (tenore) - en.: tenor
- terracota (terracotta)
- tombola (tombola)
- torso (torso)
- trampolim (trampolino) - en.: trampoline
- travertino (travertino) - en.: travertine
- truco (trucco)
- tutifrúti (tutti-frutti)
- viola (viola)
- violino (violino)
- violoncelo (violoncello)
- zero (zero)
Colloquial Italian in Spanish Latinoamerica
The Italian emigrants in Latinoamerica have enriched the local spanish language. In countries like Argentina and Uruguay they even created their own dialects, like the Cocoliche and the Lunfardo. Indeed the "lunfardo" word comes from a deformation of "lombardo", an Italian dialect (from Lombardia) spoken by northern Italian emigrants to the Buenos Aires region. Other local dialects in Latinoamerica created by the Italian emigrants are the Talian dialect in Brasil and the Chipilo dialect in Mexico.
The following is a small list:
- anchoa (Italian dialect -Genoese- ancioa)
- Balurdo. Strange kind of stupid. From "Balordo".
- Birra. Beer. From "Birra".
- Calarse. To digest (or sustain) something bad. From "Calarsi" with the same meaning.
- Chao. Friendly salute. From "Ciao" (English: Hi).
- Comadre. Godmother. From "Comare".
- Compadre. Godfather (and even: "special friend"). From "Compare"
- Contorno. Side dish. From "Contorno".
- Cretino. Stupid. From "Cretino".
- Fiaca. (Buenos Aires Lunfardo) Laziness, or lazy person (from the Italian fiacca "laziness, sluggishness")
- Fungi (Argentinian Cocoliche). Mushroom. From "Fungo"
- Gafo. Stupid. From "Cafone" (low class peasant).
- Laburar (Rioplatense Spanish), from Italian lavorare, = "to work"
- Mafioso. Criminal. From "Mafioso".
- Milanesa. Food. From "Milanese" (a food made with meat and bread).
- Mina. (Buenos Aires Lunfardo), an informal word for woman (from Lombard dialect)
- Mortadela. Food. From "Mortadella" (a food made from pork and chicken)
- Mufa (Rioplatense Spanish) = "bad luck", from Italian muffa (mildew)
- Paisano. From "paesano", meaning an Italian (or southern European) immigrant
- Pasticho. From "pasticcio" (a lasagna).
- Pibe (Rioplatense Spanish), from Italian dialect pive ("piccino")
- Pico. Geographical term meaning the top of a mountain. From "Picco".
- Salute (Argentinian Cocoliche). Greetings. From "Saluti"
- Terraza. Balcony. From "Terrazza".
See also
- Linguistic history of Spanish
- List of Spanish words of French origin
- List of Portuguese words of Italian origin
- List of English words of Spanish origin
- Cocoliche
- Lunfardo
References
- "Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua española" by Guido Gómez de Silva (ISBN 968-16-2812-8)