Marion Rodgers
Marion Raymond "Rodge" Rodgers USAF (1923-2017) was a member of the Tuskegee Airmen, a group of African-American military pilots who fought in World War II and were the first African-American military aviators in the United States armed forces.[1][2][3] He reached the rank of lieutenant colonel and served the Air Force for 22 years, commanding the renowned 99th Flying Squadron of "Red Tails" after combat, then working in management for NORAD and NASA. In his nineties, as one of the last surviving members of the Tuskegee Airmen, Rodgers continued to receive media attention as he shared his experiences and was honored at several public events.[4][5][6]
Early life and education
Rodgers was born in Detroit, Michigan, September 23, 1921. Until about the age of eight, he lived with his mother, Lois Rodgers, in Dublin, Georgia.[7] His interest in aviation began when he moved with his brother to Roselle, New Jersey, and spent time watching repairmen fix a damaged biplane in a car showroom garage. When the airplane finally flew, Rodgers told an interviewer, "I was hooked."[8][9]
World War II
Flight Training
When World War II broke out, a program was announced to allow African-Americans to apply for flight training. The American military at that time was still racially segregated. Rodgers, though only a high-school graduate, applied to the program. He was selected but couldn’t go immediately. The Tuskegee Institute didn't have the funds to support all the selectees so Rodgers was in the Army anti-aircraft artillery for about three months as a Radar Operator guiding the 90 millimeter shells to hit aerial targets. Initially he went for basic training not to Tuskegee but to Keesler Field, in Mississippi, along with 200 other aviation Cadet-Selectees.[10]
Primary flight training in PT-17 (220 horse power) Stearman Biplanes took place at Moton Field,in Tuskegee, Alabama. Charles “Chief” Anderson was the instructor for all black pilots. Rodgers flew the PT-17 65 hours. Pilot trainees then returned to Tuskegee Army Air Field and closer military scrutiny, while they flew the Vultee BT-13A (450 horse power) for 80 hours in what was called basic training. The PT-17 had more power and was easy to land, but the new training challenged the pilots in other ways, such as acrobatics and navigation. The advanced phase for the next two months included the AT-6 (550 horse-power), which was much harder to land but easy to ground loop. Upon completion of his training in February, 1944,[11] Rodgers earned the coveted "Silver Wings' badge of an air force pilot . In a biography prepared by Commemorative Air Force for its Red Tail project, he said "I made it, somehow, and was very proud. It was a segregated program. All the instructors in Basic and Advanced Training were white, but most were fair and conscientious. A few should have been somewhere else. "[12]
Specific Missions Flown
During the war, Rodgers piloted 69 missions for the U.S. Air Force.[13]
In an interview published by historian Scott Thompson, Captain Marion Rodgers described the August 12 mission in Southern France, August 12 and 14, 1944, by the 332nd Fighter Group: "My most exciting missions were strafing missions in Southern France, Rumania, Hungary, and Germany. Tuskegee Airmen destroyed aircraft, locomotives, ammo and fuel dumps, box cars, trucks, and even radar stations. Their passes approached 600 mph and they were hundreds of miles from friendly territory."[14][15]
“It was my first strafing mission," Rodgers said. "We went into the target area at 15,000 feet. I was number four man in the lead flight. Our leader brought us over the target, which were radar stations near the coast." Then he rolled his plane over on its back and went down on the target in almost a vertical dive. "I had been nervous up to this time," he said, "but when I started my dive it all left me. Now my attention was centered on bringing my ship out of the dive because it had gathered tremendous speed and the ground was rushing towards me. I still hadn’t located the target. I was slightly to the right of the ship ahead of me and I saw him veer off to the right rather sharply, but I followed the other ships ahead of me while still pushing my own ship through a near split S".[16][17][18]
“As my ship leveled out about 50 feet above the ground, I had a glimpse of something that looked very much like the picture we had seen of radar stations. I had a chance to hold my trigger down for two seconds, then zigzagged out to sea on the deck. When I returned to the base I found out that our flight of eight had lost two ships, one of them being the ship that had veered to my right. I had no vision of the flak."[19][20]
On another mission on December 3, 1944, Rodgers successfully crash landed at the Ramitelli airbase in Italy.[21]
During the Korean conflict, Major Rodgers was a B29 bomber pilot and helped in military training of South Koreans, post war. Korean Armistice Agreement
Later life
After the war, Rodgers was the last commander of the 99th Squadron, assigned by William A. Campbell, before racial integration of the Air Force in 1948 and the squadron's deactivation. Following 22 years in the Air Force, he worked in communications for NORAD and NASA.[22]
When the film "Red Tails" was released in January 2012. Rodgers participated in several events of celebration, before and after the release.[23] In an interview with the Denver Post about the film, Rodgers noted, “Our airstrips weren’t as nice as the ones shown in the film. ”[24]
At age 93, Rodgers attracted media attention when he flew once again in a P-51, courtesy the "Wish of a Lifetime" Foundation.[25][26][27]
Awards and Commemorations
For his heroic actions during World War II, Rodgers was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross.[28][29][30]
In 2007, although invited and family offered support, Marion Rodgers was not present when the Tuskegee Airmen were collectively awarded a Congressional Gold Medal at a ceremony in the U.S. Capitol rotunda. (He refused to leave his wife, Suzanne T., a juvenile diabetic.)
He did receive his medal. Senator Mark Udall of Colorado congratulated Rodgers and the other eight airmen from Colorado in a speech in the Colorado House of Representatives.[31]
Along with the other Tuskegee flyers from Colorado, Rodgers is honored at the Denver International Airport in a permanent exhibit with a poster size photo and his biography.[32] The Georgia State Assembly has formally named the intersection of US Route 80 at US 441 Bypass in Laurens County after Tuskegee Airmen Colonel Major Herndon Cummings, Colonel John Whitehead, and Colonel Marion Rodgers.[33][34] In 2014, The Non-Commissioned Officers Association gave Rodgers a World War II legacy medallion.[35]
Further reading
Kenneth Rapier, Tuskegee Airmen 1941-1945, 2nd Edition, LLC, 2013
External links
References
- ^ GROPMAN ALAN L, The AIRFORCE INTEGRATES 1945-64 2E , Dianne Publishing, London, 1978, p. 358
- ^ Joseph Caver, Jerome A. Ennels, Daniel Lee Haulman, The Tuskegee Airmen: An Illustrated History, 1939-1949, NewSouth Books, p. 182
- ^ Nel Lampe ,"Tuskegee Airmen break color barrier", Fort Carson MOUNTAINEER Feb. 25, 2011
- ^ Jerilee Bennett " Tuskegee Airmen Remembered", Colorado Springs Gazette, May 2, 2016.] Jerilee Bennett " Tuskegee Airmen Remembered", Colorado Springs Gazette, May 2, 2016.]
- ^ Hyoung Chang, Original Tuskegee Airmen Colorado residents Captain Samuel C. Hunter, Jr., and LtCol Marion Raymond Rodgers toss the coin for CU vs. Arizona game", The Denver Post, November 12, 2011
- ^ Andrea Stone, Tuskegee Airman shares experiences with Fort Carson WTB, U.S. Army News, May 1, 2014
- ^ http://laurenscountyafricanamericanhistory.blogspot.com/2013/04/a-flying-man-of-tuskegee-sometimes-it.html
- ^ http://www.orgsites.com/ca/caf-socal/FlightLineSept2014.pdf
- ^ http://laurenscountyafricanamericanhistory.blogspot.com/2013/04/a-flying-man-of-tuskegee-sometimes-it.html
- ^ Scott Thompson,"The Tuskegee Airmen of Laurens County", Laurens County Historical Society, , November 10, 2014, retrieved September 4, 2016
- ^ List of Tuskegee Airmen, Tuskegee University Archived 2013-12-03 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ http://laurenscountyafricanamericanhistory.blogspot.com/2013/04/a-flying-man-of-tuskegee-sometimes-it.html
- ^ http://www.krdo.com/news/local-news/tuskegee-airman-honored-for-service-in-world-war-ii/35359189
- ^ http://laurenscountyafricanamericanhistory.blogspot.com/2013/04/a-flying-man-of-tuskegee-sometimes-it.htm
- ^ Scott Thompson, "Flying Man of Tuskegee", Flight Lines, September, 2014
- ^ http://laurenscountyafricanamericanhistory.blogspot.com/2013/04/a-flying-man-of-tuskegee-sometimes-it.htm
- ^ Charles E. Francis,The Tuskegee Airmen: The Men who Changed a Nation, Branden Books, 1997, p. 134
- ^ Charles E. Francis, The Tuskegee Airmen: The Story of the Negro in the U.S. Air Force, B. Humphries, Incorporated, 1956, p. 103
- ^ http://laurenscountyafricanamericanhistory.blogspot.com/2013/04/a-flying-man-of-tuskegee-sometimes-it.htm
- ^ Charles E. Francis, Adolph Caso Branden Books, The Tuskegee Airmen: The Men who Changed a Nation, 1997
- ^ Joseph Caver, Jerome A. Ennels, Daniel Lee Haulman, The Tuskegee Airmen: An Illustrated History, 1939-1949 NewSouth Books, 2011, p 185
- ^ https://www.army.mil/article/125145/Tuskegee_Airman_shares_experiences_with_Fort_Carson_WTB
- ^ Coin toss at CU Boulder football game by Marion Rodgers and fellow Tuskegee Airman Samuel Hunter.
- ^ Lisa Kennedy, "Quibbles Aside, They Did A Real Good Job..." , Denver Post, January 18, 2012/
- ^ Tim Pompey, "Original Tuskegee Airman Gets Wish of a Lifetime", Tri-County Sentry, October 02, 2014
- ^ Jeremy Foster, "Tuskegee Airman Flies Over Camarillo", Ventura County Star, September 7, 2014 ]
- ^ "The Hero Next Door," Optimum Life Magazine, Vol. 4, Issue 1, January 2015
- ^ Leo D. Sullivan, Tuskegee Red Tails Graphic Novel, Leo Sullivan Multimedia, Inc., Nov 8, 2014
- ^ Erica Smith, "Tuskegee Airmen awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross," St. Louis Post Dispatch, Sep 26, 2009
- ^ http://www.afhso.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-101229-013.pdf
- ^ Congressional Record, June 7, 2007
- ^ "Tuskegee Airmen," Wing Tips, March 2013
- ^ http://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20132014/139627.pdf
- ^ Scott Thompson, "The Tuskegee Airmen of Laurens County", Laurens County Historical Society, , November 10, 2014, retrieved September 4, 2016
- ^ Tuskegee Airman Honored for Service in World War II, KRDO News, February 8, 2015
- ^ https://www.commemorativeairforce.org/rss/253-tuskegee-airman-to-be-honored-at-caf-so-cal-wing
- ^ Tuskegee Airman Honored for Service in World War II, KRDO News, February 8, 2015
- ^ http://laurenscountyafricanamericanhistory.blogspot.com/2013/04/a-flying-man-of-tuskegee-sometimes-it.html
- ^ http://www.denverpost.com/2012/01/18/quibbles-aside-they-did-a-real-good-job-tuskegee-veteran-and-retired-lt-col-marion-r-rodgers-says-of-red-tails/
- ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=3BdLCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA134&dq=Marion++Rogers+Tuskegee&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjW8MnV8-_OAhVM7GMKHRX3DHwQ6AEILDAD#v=onepage&q=Marion%20%20Rogers%20Tuskegee&f=false