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| place = Kandarpi Ghat, [[Mahrail]], Harna Village, [[Mithila (region)|Mithila]] (present-day [[Mithila]], [[Bihar]], [[India]])
| place = Kandarpi Ghat, [[Mahrail]], Harna Village, [[Mithila (region)|Mithila]] (present-day [[Mithila]], [[Bihar]], [[India]])
| territory =
| territory =
| result = [[File:Raj arbhanga Flag.png|25px]][[Raj Darbhanga]] victory
| result = [[Raj Darbhanga]] victory
| status =
| status =
| combatant1 = [[File:Raj arbhanga Flag.png|25px]] [[Raj Darbhanga]]
| combatant1 = [[Raj Darbhanga]]
| combatant2 = [[File:Flag of the Principality of Bengal (15th-18th century).svg|25px]] [[Bengal Subah]]
| combatant2 = [[File:Flag of the Principality of Bengal (15th-18th century).svg|25px]] [[Bengal Subah]]
| commander1 = [[File:Raj arbhanga Flag.png|25px]] [[Maharaja Narendra Singh]]
| commander1 = [[Maharaja Narendra Singh]]
| commander2 = [[File:Flag of the Principality of Bengal (15th-18th century).svg|25px]][[Alivardi Khan]]
| commander2 = [[File:Flag of the Principality of Bengal (15th-18th century).svg|25px]][[Alivardi Khan]]
| strength1 = Unknown
| strength1 = Unknown
Line 18: Line 18:


The '''Battle of Kandarpi Ghat''' occurred between the [[Nawab of Bengal]] and [[Raj Darbhanga]] in October 1753.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ansari |first=Tahir Hussain |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=kUueDwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y |title=Mughal Administration and the Zamindars of Bihar |date=2019-06-20 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-65152-2 |language=en}}</ref> Many nearby rulers were jealous of the wealth of the rulers of Raj Darbhanga, leading to numerous invasions of that territory over a long period. One such invasion, when Raj Darbhanga was governed by [[Maharaja Narendra Singh]], was led by the Mughal [[Bengal Subah]] of [[Alivardi Khan]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Henningham |first=Stephen |date=1983 |title=Bureaucracy and Control in India's Great Landed Estates: The Raj Darbhanga of Bihar, 1879 to 1950 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/312401 |journal=Modern Asian Studies |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=35–55 |jstor=312401 |issn=0026-749X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Eaton |first=Richard Maxwell |url=http://archive.org/details/riseofislambenga00eato |title=The rise of Islam and the Bengal frontier, 1204-1760 |date=1993 |publisher=Berkeley : University of California Press |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-520-08077-5}}</ref>
The '''Battle of Kandarpi Ghat''' occurred between the [[Nawab of Bengal]] and [[Raj Darbhanga]] in October 1753.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ansari |first=Tahir Hussain |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=kUueDwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y |title=Mughal Administration and the Zamindars of Bihar |date=2019-06-20 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-65152-2 |language=en}}</ref> Many nearby rulers were jealous of the wealth of the rulers of Raj Darbhanga, leading to numerous invasions of that territory over a long period. One such invasion, when Raj Darbhanga was governed by [[Maharaja Narendra Singh]], was led by the Mughal [[Bengal Subah]] of [[Alivardi Khan]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Henningham |first=Stephen |date=1983 |title=Bureaucracy and Control in India's Great Landed Estates: The Raj Darbhanga of Bihar, 1879 to 1950 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/312401 |journal=Modern Asian Studies |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=35–55 |jstor=312401 |issn=0026-749X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Eaton |first=Richard Maxwell |url=http://archive.org/details/riseofislambenga00eato |title=The rise of Islam and the Bengal frontier, 1204-1760 |date=1993 |publisher=Berkeley : University of California Press |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-520-08077-5}}</ref>

== Background ==
[[Mahesha Thakura|Mahesh Thakur]]'s descendants from [[Raj Darbhanga]] and Kings before him of this region often engaged in military operations to subjugate neighboring chiefs and powerful rulers. Nawab [[Alivardi Khan]], always in need of money had attacked Hindu Rulers of Northern-Eastern India including Bihar, Bengal and Orissa, and finally moved towards Kings of Mithila i.e., Raj Darbhanga who had no choice but to fight him.

With the help of Afghans, [[Alivardi Khan]] advanced with his forces against the Rulers of [[Bettiah Raj|Bettiah]] and Bhawara of [[Mithila (region)|Mithila]]. These rulers often held pride for themselves and never paid taxes but, they were defeated here by Alivardi's forces and agreed to pay a sum.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Thakur |first=Upendra |date=1958 |title=Alivardi and the Afghans of Tirhut |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44145227 |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=21 |pages=376–392 |issn=2249-1937}}</ref>

== War with Raj Darbhanga ==
[[Maharaja Narendra Singh]] engaged in the <u>[[Battle of Kandarpi Ghat]]</u> due to an invasion from a big Mughal fraction of Bengal. The battle was fought between [[Raj Darbhanga]], led by Maharaja himself and the [[Bengal Subah|Mughal Bengal Subah]]'s forces which was commanded by Bhikari Mahtha with a force of 5,000. It had both Mughal Soldiers from Bengal side and Afghani Pathans who accompanied them in Mithila. Both sides of [[Raj Darbhanga]] and [[Alivardi Khan]] used firearms for the first time ever in Mithila. The battle started from 4th of October 1753 where initially the commander of [[Alivardi Khan]], Bhikari Mehtha was getting an upper hand but soon on the 7th of October 1753, [[Maharaja Narendra Singh]] himself came to the battlefield with his elephant who was known as "Gajendra". The people of Mithila regardless of classes and their differences also joined Maharaja after they saw him engaging with an outsider. Even though his elephant was killed in the battlefield, the Maharaja still succeeded. One of his commanders, "Umrao Singh" was martyred but before this happened Umrao Singh defeated another counterpart of his, a commander of [[Alivardi Khan]], Salawat Roy along with few other soldiers from Bengal Sultan's side. There was a confusion in forces which were primarily led by Commander Bhikari Mehtha from Alivardi's side due to this sudden attack from Maharaja's Mithila Army. Commander Mehtha along with his forces fled away from [[Mithila (region)|Mithila]] as quickly as possible after his army started facing defeat. He knew that his death was inevitable when saw his [[Pashtuns|Afghan Pathans]] were also being massacred by [[Maithil Brahmin|Mithila Brahmans]] and [[Kshatriya|Kshatriyas]] and were seen running after witnessing the bravery of common people of Mithilanchal as well who also joined Mithila King. Thus, Raj Darbhanga finally made Mithila free from [[Alivardi Khan|Alivardi]]'s [[Bengal Subah]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=ʿAlī |first=Karam |url=https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Bihar_and_Bengal_in_the_18th_Century.html?id=lXYJcgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y |title=Bihar and Bengal in the 18th Century: A Critical Edition and Translation of Muzaffarnama, a Contemporary History |date=1992 |publisher=Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Libr. |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Choudhary |first=Radhakrishna |url=https://books.google.co.in/books/about/History_of_Muslim_Rule_in_Tirhut_1206_17.html?id=VwYcAQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y |title=History of Muslim Rule in Tirhut, 1206-1765, A.D. |date=1970 |publisher=Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office |pages=173 - 227 |language=en}}</ref>


== Victory Pillar ==
== Victory Pillar ==

Revision as of 22:09, 17 October 2023

Battle of Kandarpi Ghat
Date4th - 7th October, 1753
Location
Kandarpi Ghat, Mahrail, Harna Village, Mithila (present-day Mithila, Bihar, India)
Result Raj Darbhanga victory
Belligerents
Raj Darbhanga Bengal Subah
Commanders and leaders
Maharaja Narendra Singh Alivardi Khan
Strength
Unknown 5,000+ including Afghan Pathans
Casualties and losses
Low Heavy
Alivardi Khan's Army got defeated by Mithila Naresh.

The Battle of Kandarpi Ghat occurred between the Nawab of Bengal and Raj Darbhanga in October 1753.[1] Many nearby rulers were jealous of the wealth of the rulers of Raj Darbhanga, leading to numerous invasions of that territory over a long period. One such invasion, when Raj Darbhanga was governed by Maharaja Narendra Singh, was led by the Mughal Bengal Subah of Alivardi Khan.[2][3]

Victory Pillar

A Vijaya Stambh i.e.,a victory pillar has been erected and constructed to commemorate this event by the efforts of Dr. Rangnath Diwaker in Kandarpi Ghat, Mahrail, Mithila.[4]

Kandarpi Ghat Mithila Vijay Stambh
Mithila Victory Pillar for this event.

References

  1. ^ Ansari, Tahir Hussain (2019-06-20). Mughal Administration and the Zamindars of Bihar. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-65152-2.
  2. ^ Henningham, Stephen (1983). "Bureaucracy and Control in India's Great Landed Estates: The Raj Darbhanga of Bihar, 1879 to 1950". Modern Asian Studies. 17 (1): 35–55. ISSN 0026-749X. JSTOR 312401.
  3. ^ Eaton, Richard Maxwell (1993). The rise of Islam and the Bengal frontier, 1204-1760. Internet Archive. Berkeley : University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08077-5.
  4. ^ मिथला विजय स्तंभ || कंदर्पी घाट || झंझारपुर , मधुबनी Episode - 1, retrieved 2023-10-02

See also

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