Karabakh: Difference between revisions
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In the 15th century the [[Germany|German]] traveler [[Johann Schiltberger]] toured the lowland part of Karabakh and described it as a large plain in Armenia. He wrote ''"although this plain lies in Armenia, nevertheless it belongs to the heathens, whom Armenian settlements are compelled to pay tribute. Armenians always treated me well..."''. <ref>Johannes Schiltberger, Als Sklave im Osmanischen Reich und bei den Tataren: 1394—1427 (Stuttgart: Thienemann Press, 1983), p. 209.</ref> |
In the 15th century the [[Germany|German]] traveler [[Johann Schiltberger]] toured the lowland part of Karabakh and described it as a large plain in Armenia. He wrote ''"although this plain lies in Armenia, nevertheless it belongs to the heathens, whom Armenian settlements are compelled to pay tribute. Armenians always treated me well..."''. <ref>Johannes Schiltberger, Als Sklave im Osmanischen Reich und bei den Tataren: 1394—1427 (Stuttgart: Thienemann Press, 1983), p. 209.</ref> |
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The highland part of the region became known as ''Mountainous'' or ''Nagorno''-Karabakh ({{lang-az|Dağlıq Qarabağ}}, {{lang-hy|Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ}}) |
The highland part of the region became known as ''Mountainous'' or ''Nagorno''-Karabakh ({{lang-az|Dağlıq Qarabağ}}, {{lang-hy|Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ}}). On a part of [[Nagorno-Karabakh]] an [[Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast|autonomous oblast]] was establishmed within the [[Azerbaijan SSR]] in 1923. This region declared its independence in 1991 as the [[Nagorno-Karabakh Republic]], which remains unrecognized worldwide. Portions of lowland Karabakh have been controlled by [[Armenia]]n forces since the [[Nagorno-Karabakh War]] ended in 1994 <ref name= "UN1993">[http://www.state.gov/p/eur/rls/or/13508.htm US State Department - 1993 UN Security Council Resolutions on Nagorno-Karabakh]</ref>. |
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The [[Armenian people|Armenian]]s of Nagorno-Karabakh and Syunik speak the Karabakh dialect <ref>H. Petrosian, S. Galstian, T. Karagulian, ''Linguistic dictionary''. Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences, Language Institute named after H. Acharian, Yerevan 1975, p. 204. </ref>. |
The [[Armenian people|Armenian]]s of Nagorno-Karabakh and Syunik speak the Karabakh dialect <ref>H. Petrosian, S. Galstian, T. Karagulian, ''Linguistic dictionary''. Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences, Language Institute named after H. Acharian, Yerevan 1975, p. 204. </ref>. |
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Revision as of 23:49, 20 November 2008
| History of Artsakh |
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| Antiquity |
| Middle Ages |
| Early Modern Age |
| Modern Age |
Karabakh (Azerbaijani: Qarabağ, Armenian: Ղարաբաղ) is a geographic and historic region in western Azerbaijan and southern Armenia, extending from the highlands of the Lesser Caucasus down to the lowlands between the rivers Kura and Aras. It includes three regions: Nagorno-Karabakh, Lowland Karabakh (the southern Kura-steppes) and Syunik[1][2][3], the latter is the part of this region that is located in Armenia.
The word "Karabakh" originates from Turkic and Persian, literally meaning "black garden".[4] The placename for the first time is mentioned in the Georgian chronicle of "Kartlis Tshovreba" (ქართლის ცხოვრება, i.e "Life of Georgians"), as well in Persian sources in the 13th and 14th centuries.[5] Before the 1230's, when the region was conquered by the Mongols and became known as Karabakh, it was known as Artsakh and Utik, two historic regions of Armenia and Caucasian Albania.[6]
In the 15th century the German traveler Johann Schiltberger toured the lowland part of Karabakh and described it as a large plain in Armenia. He wrote "although this plain lies in Armenia, nevertheless it belongs to the heathens, whom Armenian settlements are compelled to pay tribute. Armenians always treated me well...". [7]
The highland part of the region became known as Mountainous or Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijani: Dağlıq Qarabağ, Armenian: Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ). On a part of Nagorno-Karabakh an autonomous oblast was establishmed within the Azerbaijan SSR in 1923. This region declared its independence in 1991 as the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, which remains unrecognized worldwide. Portions of lowland Karabakh have been controlled by Armenian forces since the Nagorno-Karabakh War ended in 1994 [8].
The Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh and Syunik speak the Karabakh dialect [9].
References
- ^ Arakel Babakhanian, Collection of Works, volume 3, History of Armena. Book 2. "Hayastan" publishing, Yerevan 1973, p. 9.
- ^ Bagrat Ulubabyan, Survival struggle of Artsakh, Yerevan 1993, p. 3. ISBN 5-8079-0869-4.
- ^ Mirza Jamal Javanshir Karabagi. The History of Karabakh. Chapter 2: About the borders, old cities, population aggregates and rivers of the Karabakh region.
- ^ BBC News — Regions and territories: Nagorno-Karabakh
- ^ Template:Hy icon Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia, The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast, Vol. 7, Yerevan 1981. p. 26
- ^ Great Soviet Encyclopedia, "NKAO, Historial Survey", 3rd edition, translated into English, New York: Macmillan Inc., 1973
- ^ Johannes Schiltberger, Als Sklave im Osmanischen Reich und bei den Tataren: 1394—1427 (Stuttgart: Thienemann Press, 1983), p. 209.
- ^ US State Department - 1993 UN Security Council Resolutions on Nagorno-Karabakh
- ^ H. Petrosian, S. Galstian, T. Karagulian, Linguistic dictionary. Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences, Language Institute named after H. Acharian, Yerevan 1975, p. 204.
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