Kilmainham Brooch: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Kilmainham brooche NMI.jpg|thumb|upright=1.6|The Kilmainham Brooch, 9th century]] |
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{{infobox artefact |
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The '''Kilmainham Brooch''' is a relatively large 9th century [[Celtic brooch]] of the "pseudo-penannular" type (ie the ring is unclosed or incomplete), found in the mid-19th century at [[Kilmainham]], [[County Dublin]], Ireland, alongside [[sword]]s and other artifacts of Scandinavian origin or influence.<ref>Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, Volume 3. [[Royal Irish Academy]], 1847 </ref> It is made from gold, silver and (mostly red) glass,<ref name="h&h117">Henderson; Henderson (2004), p. 117</ref> with filigree similar to that of the better known [[Hunterston Brooch]].<ref>''Ulster Journal of Archaeology'', volume 39, 1976, p. 18</ref> Although described in 1989 as "probably Irish",<ref name="y150">Young (1989), p. 150</ref> it contains structural and decorative designs reminiscent of the [[Picts#Art|Pictish-syle]], indicating that it may be of [[Northumbria]]n origin.<ref name="h&h116">Henderson; Henderson (2004), p. 116</ref> |
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|name = Kilmainham Brooch |
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|image =[[File:Kilmainham brooche NMI.jpg|300px]] |
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|image_caption = |
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|material = Gold, silver, a glass |
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|size = Diameter 9.67cm |
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|writing = |
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|created = Later 8th or early 9th century |
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|period = |
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|place = [[Kilmainham]], [[County Dublin]], Ireland |
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|location = [[National Museum of Ireland – Archaeology|National Museum of Ireland]] |
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|id = W45 |
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}} |
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The '''Kilmainham Brooch''' is a relatively large late 8th or early 9th century [[Celtic brooch]] of the "pseudo-penannular" type (ie the ring is unclosed or incomplete). It was found in the mid-18th century at a [[Viking]] burial site at [[Kilmainham]], [[County Dublin]], Ireland, alongside [[sword]]s and other artifacts of Scandinavian origin or influence.<ref>Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, Volume 3. [[Royal Irish Academy]], 1847 </ref> |
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| ⚫ | Brooches of this type are the most common and thus studied form of surviving Irish and Scottish medieval metalworks, due both to their then popularity and inherent durability. Examples such as the Kilmainham Brooch were built by skilled craftsmen and their workshops using precious metal, and intended as status symbols for wealthy commissioners.<ref>Moss (2004), p. 410</ref> |
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Its earliest known provenance dates to the late 18th century, when it was in the collection of Ralph Ouseley of [[County Sligo]].<ref name="fw185">Ó Floinn; Wallace (2002), p. 185</ref> Today it is held by the archeology branch of the [[National Museum of Ireland – Archaeology|National Museum of Ireland]] on [[Kildare Street]], Dublin. An early 20th century bronze and [[Gilding|gilt]] replica is in the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], New York.<ref>"[https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/463150 Brooch from Kilmainham, early 20th century (original dated 11th century)]". [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]. Retrieved 23 October 2021</ref><ref>"[https://library.artstor.org/#/public/SS7731421_7731421_10977107 Brooch from Kilmainham]". [[Artstor]]. Retrieved 23 October 2021</ref> |
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==Description== |
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It is made from gold, silver and (mostly red) glass,<ref name="h&h117">Henderson; Henderson (2004), p. 117</ref> with [[filigree]] similar to that of the better known [[Hunterston Brooch]].<ref>''Ulster Journal of Archaeology'', volume 39, 1976, p. 18</ref> The frame of cast sliver with cells that once held gold filigree and glass inserts, although some of these are now lost.<ref name="fw185" /> |
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Although described in 1989 as "probably Irish",<ref name="y150">Young (1989), p. 150</ref> it contains structural and decorative designs, including its lobed (ie "hanging") terminals, reminiscent of the [[Picts#Art|Pictish-syle]], indicating that it may be of [[Northumbria]]n origin, or at least influenced by that style.<ref name="h&h116">Henderson; Henderson (2004), p. 116</ref><ref name="fw185" /> |
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| ⚫ | Brooches of this type are the most common and thus studied form of surviving Irish and Scottish medieval metalworks, due both to their then popularity and inherent durability. Examples such as the Kilmainham Brooch were built by skilled craftsmen and their workshops using precious metal, and intended as status symbols for wealthy commissioners.<ref>Moss (2004), p. 410</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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== Sources == |
== Sources == |
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{{refbegin |
{{refbegin}} |
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* Coffey, George; Armstrong, E.C.R. "Scandinavian Objects Found at Island-Bridge and Kilmainham". ''Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature'', Volume 28, 1910. {{jstor|25502780}} |
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* Henderson, George; Henderson, Isabel. ''The Art of the Picts: Sculpture and Metalwork in Early Medieval Scotland''. Thames and Hudson, 2004. {{isbn|978-0-5002-8963-1}} |
* Henderson, George; Henderson, Isabel. ''The Art of the Picts: Sculpture and Metalwork in Early Medieval Scotland''. Thames and Hudson, 2004. {{isbn|978-0-5002-8963-1}} |
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* Moss, Rachel. ''Medieval c. 400—c. 1600: Art and Architecture of Ireland''. Yale University Press, 2014. {{ISBN|978-0-3001-7919-4}} |
* [[Rachel Moss (art historian)|Moss, Rachel]]. ''Medieval c. 400—c. 1600: Art and Architecture of Ireland''. Yale University Press, 2014. {{ISBN|978-0-3001-7919-4}} |
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* [[Raghnall Ó Floinn|Ó Floinn, |
* [[Raghnall Ó Floinn |Ó Floinn, Raghnal]]; Wallace, Patrick (eds). ''Treasures of the National Museum of Ireland: Irish Antiquities''. Dublin: [[National Museum of Ireland]], 2002. {{isbn|978-0-7171-2829-7}} |
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* Ryan, Micheal. ''Treasures of Ireland: Irish Art, 3000 B.C.-1500 A.D.''. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, 1983. {{ISBN|978-0-9017-1428-2}} |
* Ryan, Micheal. ''Treasures of Ireland: Irish Art, 3000 B.C.-1500 A.D.''. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, 1983. {{ISBN|978-0-9017-1428-2}} |
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* Young, Susan (ed). ''The Work of Angels: Masterpieces of Celtic Metalwork: 6th to 9th Centuries''. University of Texas Press, 1989. {{isbn|978-02927-9058-2}} |
* Young, Susan (ed). ''The Work of Angels: Masterpieces of Celtic Metalwork: 6th to 9th Centuries''. University of Texas Press, 1989. {{isbn|978-02927-9058-2}} |
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Revision as of 21:01, 23 October 2021
| Kilmainham Brooch | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Material | Gold, silver, a glass |
| Size | Diameter 9.67cm |
| Created | Later 8th or early 9th century |
| Place | Kilmainham, County Dublin, Ireland |
| Present location | National Museum of Ireland |
| Identification | W45 |
The Kilmainham Brooch is a relatively large late 8th or early 9th century Celtic brooch of the "pseudo-penannular" type (ie the ring is unclosed or incomplete). It was found in the mid-18th century at a Viking burial site at Kilmainham, County Dublin, Ireland, alongside swords and other artifacts of Scandinavian origin or influence.[1]
Its earliest known provenance dates to the late 18th century, when it was in the collection of Ralph Ouseley of County Sligo.[2] Today it is held by the archeology branch of the National Museum of Ireland on Kildare Street, Dublin. An early 20th century bronze and gilt replica is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.[3][4]
Description
It is made from gold, silver and (mostly red) glass,[5] with filigree similar to that of the better known Hunterston Brooch.[6] The frame of cast sliver with cells that once held gold filigree and glass inserts, although some of these are now lost.[2]
Although described in 1989 as "probably Irish",[7] it contains structural and decorative designs, including its lobed (ie "hanging") terminals, reminiscent of the Pictish-syle, indicating that it may be of Northumbrian origin, or at least influenced by that style.[8][2]
Brooches of this type are the most common and thus studied form of surviving Irish and Scottish medieval metalworks, due both to their then popularity and inherent durability. Examples such as the Kilmainham Brooch were built by skilled craftsmen and their workshops using precious metal, and intended as status symbols for wealthy commissioners.[9]
References
- ^ Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, Volume 3. Royal Irish Academy, 1847
- ^ a b c Ó Floinn; Wallace (2002), p. 185
- ^ "Brooch from Kilmainham, early 20th century (original dated 11th century)". Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 23 October 2021
- ^ "Brooch from Kilmainham". Artstor. Retrieved 23 October 2021
- ^ Henderson; Henderson (2004), p. 117
- ^ Ulster Journal of Archaeology, volume 39, 1976, p. 18
- ^ Young (1989), p. 150
- ^ Henderson; Henderson (2004), p. 116
- ^ Moss (2004), p. 410
Sources
- Coffey, George; Armstrong, E.C.R. "Scandinavian Objects Found at Island-Bridge and Kilmainham". Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature, Volume 28, 1910. JSTOR 25502780
- Henderson, George; Henderson, Isabel. The Art of the Picts: Sculpture and Metalwork in Early Medieval Scotland. Thames and Hudson, 2004. ISBN 978-0-5002-8963-1
- Moss, Rachel. Medieval c. 400—c. 1600: Art and Architecture of Ireland. Yale University Press, 2014. ISBN 978-0-3001-7919-4
- Ó Floinn, Raghnal; Wallace, Patrick (eds). Treasures of the National Museum of Ireland: Irish Antiquities. Dublin: National Museum of Ireland, 2002. ISBN 978-0-7171-2829-7
- Ryan, Micheal. Treasures of Ireland: Irish Art, 3000 B.C.-1500 A.D.. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, 1983. ISBN 978-0-9017-1428-2
- Young, Susan (ed). The Work of Angels: Masterpieces of Celtic Metalwork: 6th to 9th Centuries. University of Texas Press, 1989. ISBN 978-02927-9058-2
