10
10 (ten) is the natural number following 9 and preceding 11. Prefixes for 10 include deca- (Greek) and deci- (Latin).
| Template:Numbers 10s | |
| Cardinal | 10 ten |
| Ordinal | 10th tenth |
| Numeral system | decimal |
| Factorization | |
| Divisors | 1, 2, 5, 10 |
| Roman numeral | X |
| Binary | 1010 |
| Hexadecimal | A |
In mathematics
Ten is a composite number, its proper divisors being 1, 2 and 5.
Ten is the base of the decimal numeral system, by far the most common system of denoting numbers in both spoken and written language. Any integer written in the decimal system can be multiplied by ten by adding a zero to the end (eg 855 * 10 = 8550). The reason for the choice of ten is assumed to be that humans have ten fingers (digits).
The Roman numeral for ten is X (which looks like two V's [the Roman numeral for 5] put together); it is thought that the V for five is derived from an open hand (five digits displayed).
The Chinese word numeral for ten is 十, which resembles a cross.
A collection of ten items (most often ten years) is called a decade.
Ten is the sum of the first three prime numbers.
A polygon with ten sides is a decagon, and 10 is a decagonal number. But it is also a triangular number and a centered triangular number.
Ten is the smallest noncototient, a number that can not be expressed as the difference between any integer and the total of coprimes below it.
Ten is a Harshad number and a semi-meandric number.
Ten is the number of n-Queens Problem solutions for n = 5.
In numeral systems
| Base | Numeral system | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | unary | ********** |
| 2 | binary | 1010 |
| 3 | ternary | 101 |
| 4 | quaternary | 22 |
| 5 | quinary | 20 |
| 6 | senary | 14 |
| 7 | septenary | 13 |
| 8 | octal | 12 |
| 9 | novenary | 11 |
| 10 | decimal | 10 |
| over 10 (hexadecimal) | A | |
In other fields
A decapod crustacean has ten limbs.
There are ten cents in a dime, itself one tenth of a dollar. The word was shortened from decime.
In chess, each side can promote all eight pawns to have a total of ten bishops, knights, or rooks.
People were traditionally tithed one tenth of their produce.
It takes ten to make a minyan.
With ten being the base of the decimal system, a scale of 1 to 10 is often used to rank things, as a smaller version of a 1-to-100 scale (as is used in percentages and wine-tasting).
Blake Edwards' 1979 movie 10.
Something that scores perfectly is "a perfect ten". A person who is attractive and physically flawless is often said to be "a ten", from the idea of ranking that person's appearance and sex-appeal on a 1-to-10 scale. E.g. In the movie 10 (movie)10 Bo Derek is supposedly a "10" on that scale.
Counting from one to ten before speaking is often done in order to cool one's temper.
Driving a racing car at ten-tenths is driving as fast as possible, on the limit.
Ten is:
- The atomic number of neon
- The number of carbon atoms in Decane, a hydrocarbon.
- The number of spacetime dimensions in superstring theory.
- Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period
- House number of Number 10 Downing Street
- ASCII and Unicode code point for line feed
- The number of Commandments from God to man in Mosaic law. (Exodus 20:2-17, Exodus 34:12-26, and Deuteronomy 5:6-21)
- There are said to be ten "Lost Tribes" of Israel.
- The designation of United States Interstate 10, a freeway that runs from California to Florida.
- The title of quite a few albums, including recordings by Pearl Jam and LL Cool J. See Ten (album).
- Historical years: 10 A.D., 10 B.C., or 1910
- A Japanese comic: Ten (comic)
- In rugby union the fly-half wears the 10 shirt.