1623 in literature

	… 1613; 1614; 1615; 1616; 1617; 1618; 1619; ; 1620; 1621; 1622; 1623; 1624; 1625; 1626; ; 1627; 1628; 1629; 1630; 1631; 1632; 1633 …;
	Art; Archaeology; Architecture; Literature; Music; Philosophy; Science; +...

This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in 1623.

Events

February 2 (Candlemas) – The King's Men perform Twelfth Night at the court of King James I of England.
June 29 – Pedro Calderón de la Barca makes his debut as a playwright, his Amor, honor y poder (Love, Honor and Power) being performed at the Spanish Court. Two other plays follow this year.
July 20 – Henry Herbert (Sir Henry as of August) becomes the deputy of Sir John Ashley, Master of the Revels, and takes over the office's duties. From 1623 until the theatres close in 1642, Herbert effectively controls professional drama in England.
Between November 8 and early December – Publication of the "First Folio" (Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies), a collection of 36 of the plays of Shakespeare, half of which have not previously been printed, compiled posthumously by actors John Heminges and Henry Condell and published by Isaac Jaggard and Edward Blount in London.
Procopius's long-lost Secret History is rediscovered in the Vatican Library.
François le Métel de Boisrobert comes under the patronage of Cardinal Richelieu.

Francis Bacon – De Augmentis Scientiarum
Jakob Böhme
- On Election to Grace
- On Christ's Testaments
- Mysterium Magnum
- Clavis (Key)
Tommaso Campanella – Civitas Solis ("The City of the Sun")
William Drummond of Hawthornden – Flowers of Sion
James Mabbe – Guzmán de Alfarache, translated from the Spanish original by Mateo Alemán
Giambattista Marini – Adone
Antonio de León Pinelo – Discurso de la importancia, de la forma, y de la disposicion de la colleccion de las leyes de Indias
George Wither – Hymnes and Songs of the Church

Anonymous (Robert Ward?) – Fucus Histriomastix
Richard Brome – A Fault in Friendship (lost), his earliest known play
Pedro Calderón de la Barca
- Amor, honor y poder
- La selva confusa
- Los Macabeos
Thomas Dekker (& John Day?) – The Wonder of a Kingdom
Thomas Dekker, John Ford, & William Rowley (?) – The Spanish Gypsy
Thomas Drue – The Duchess of Suffolk
John Fletcher and Philip Massinger – The Lovers' Progress
John Fletcher and William Rowley – The Maid in the Mill
John Hacket – Loiola
Ben Jonson – Time Vindicated to Himself and to His Honours (masque)
Philip Massinger
- The Bondman (performed)
- The Duke of Milan (published)
Robert Ward (?) – Fucus Histriomastix
John Webster
- The Duchess of Malfi (published)
- The Devil's Law Case (published)

June 19 – Blaise Pascal, French philosopher (died 1662)
October 17 – Francis Turretin, Swiss theologian (died 1687)
Unknown dates
- Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle, English biographer, poet and philosopher (died 1673)
- Francesco Negri, Italian priest and travel writer (died 1698)
- Henri Sauval, French historian (died 1676)