2006 Kuril Islands earthquake

2006 Kuril Islands earthquake
UTC time	2006-11-15 11:14:13
ISC event	9235276
USGS-ANSS	ComCat
Local date	November 15, 2006
Local time	8:14 pm
Magnitude	8.3 Mw
Depth	31 km (19 mi)
Epicenter	46°35′31″N 153°15′58″E / 46.592°N 153.266°E
Fault	Kuril–Kamchatka Trench
Type	Megathrust
Areas affected	Japan, Russia
Max. intensity	MMI IV (Light); ; JMA 2
Tsunami	Up to 21.9 m (72 ft) in Matua Island, Kuril Islands
Casualties	1 injured

The 2006 Kuril Islands earthquake occurred on November 15 at 8:14:16 pm JST with a M_w magnitude of 8.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IV (Light) and a maximum Shindo intensity of JMA 2. This megathrust earthquake was the largest event in the central Kuril Islands since 1915 and generated a small tsunami that affected the northern Japanese coast. The tsunami crossed the Pacific Ocean and damaged the harbor at Crescent City, California. Post-tsunami surveys indicate that the local tsunami in the central Kuril Islands reached runups of 21.9 metres (72 ft) or higher.^[4]^[5]

This earthquake is also considered a doublet of the 2007 Kuril Islands earthquake that hit the same area on January 13, 2007.^[6]

Tsunami

At about 11:45 UTC, tsunami warnings were issued in Japan for the northern coasts of Hokkaidō and Honshū, and a number of towns in this area were very quickly evacuated. Tsunami warnings, advisories and watches were also issued for the coastal areas of Alaska, Hawaii, parts of British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California. JMA initially estimated tsunami waves to be as tall as 2 metres when it hit the Japanese northern and eastern coasts, but it turned out to be merely 40 centimetres when it reached Hanasaki Port, Nemuro, Hokkaidō at 9:29 pm local time. The tsunami also hit the rest of Hokkaidō and the Tōhoku Region. The tallest wave recorded in Japan was at Tsubota (坪田), Miyakejima (三宅島), at 84 centimetres. Tsunami also hit as far as Amami in Kagoshima Prefecture and Naha in Okinawa Prefecture, and reached the Hawaiian and California coasts. A 176-centimetre wave in the harbor at Crescent City, California caused an estimated $10 million in damage to the docks.^[7] The United States authorities had issued warnings for the Russian Far East, Japan, Wake Island and Midway Atoll.

The nearfield tsunami struck islands with no current inhabitants. However, geologists and archaeologists had visited these islands the previous summer, and returned in the summers of 2007 and 2008.^[8]^[9]^[10] Because there were two central Kurils tsunamis in the winter of 2006/2007 (see 2007 Kuril Islands earthquake), the specific effects of each tsunami are difficult to determine; but evidence shows that the 2006 tsunami was the larger on all islands in the Kurils except for parts of Rasshua.^[11]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ISC (2015), ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2009), Version 2.0, International Seismological Centre
^ "M 8.3 – Kuril Islands". United States Geological Survey.
^ PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog, Version 2008_06.1, United States Geological Survey, September 4, 2009, archived from the original on 2020-03-13
^ "Tsunami Event: KURIL ISLANDS". NGDC.
^ MacInnes, B.T., Bourgeois, J., Pinegina, T.K., Kravchunovskays, E., 2009. Tsunami geomorphology: erosion and deposition from the 15 November 2006 Kuril Island tsunami: Geology, v. 37, p. 995–998.
^ Ammon, Charles J.; Kanamori, Hiroo; Lay, Thorne (2008), "A great earthquake doublet and seismic stress transfer cycle in the central Kuril islands" (PDF), Nature, 451 (7178): 561–5, Bibcode:2008Natur.451..561A, doi:10.1038/nature06521, PMID 18235499, S2CID 4317389.
^ Central Kuril Island Tsunami in Crescent City, California Archived 2010-02-26 at the Wayback Machine University of Southern California
^ MacInnes et al., 2009, see above.
^ Bourgeois, J. and MacInnes, B.T., 2010. Tsunami boulder transport and other dramatic effects of the 15 November 2006 central Kuril Islands tsunami on the island of Matua: Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Supplementbände Volume 54, Supplementary Issue 3 (2010), p. 175–195 doi:10.1127/0372-8854/2010/0054S3-0024.
^ MacInnes, B.T., Pinegina, T.K., Bourgeois, J., Razhegaeva, N.G., Kaistrenko, V.M., and Kravchunovskaya, E.A., 2009, Field survey and geological effects of the 15 November 2006 Kuril tsunami in the middle Kuril Islands, Pure and Applied Geophysics v. 166, doi:10.1007/s00024-008-0428-3.
^ MacInnes, B.T., 2010 Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington.

Sources

Lay, T.; Kanamori, H.; Ammon, C. J.; Hutko, A. R.; Furlong, K.; Rivera, L. (2009), "The 2006–2007 Kuril Islands great earthquake sequence" (PDF), Journal of Geophysical Research, 114 (B11), American Geophysical Union: B11308, Bibcode:2009JGRB..11411308L, doi:10.1029/2008JB006280
Rabinovich, A. B.; Lobkovsky, L. I.; Fine, I. V.; Thomson, R. E.; Ivelskaya, T. N.; Kulikov1, E. A. (2008), "Near-source observations and modeling of the Kuril Islands tsunamis of 15 November 2006 and 13 January 2007" (PDF), Advances in Geosciences, 14 (14), European Geosciences Union: 105–116, Bibcode:2008AdG....14..105R, doi:10.5194/adgeo-14-105-2008{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

External links

[ISC-GEM-1] ISC (2015), ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2009), Version 2.0, International Seismological Centre

[usgs-2] "M 8.3 – Kuril Islands". United States Geological Survey.

[PAGER-CAT-3] PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog, Version 2008_06.1, United States Geological Survey, September 4, 2009, archived from the original on 2020-03-13

[4] "Tsunami Event: KURIL ISLANDS". NGDC.

[5] MacInnes, B.T., Bourgeois, J., Pinegina, T.K., Kravchunovskays, E., 2009. Tsunami geomorphology: erosion and deposition from the 15 November 2006 Kuril Island tsunami: Geology, v. 37, p. 995–998.

[6] Ammon, Charles J.; Kanamori, Hiroo; Lay, Thorne (2008), "A great earthquake doublet and seismic stress transfer cycle in the central Kuril islands" (PDF), Nature, 451 (7178): 561–5, Bibcode:2008Natur.451..561A, doi:10.1038/nature06521, PMID 18235499, S2CID 4317389.

[7] Central Kuril Island Tsunami in Crescent City, California Archived 2010-02-26 at the Wayback Machine University of Southern California

[8] MacInnes et al., 2009, see above.

[9] Bourgeois, J. and MacInnes, B.T., 2010. Tsunami boulder transport and other dramatic effects of the 15 November 2006 central Kuril Islands tsunami on the island of Matua: Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Supplementbände Volume 54, Supplementary Issue 3 (2010), p. 175–195 doi:10.1127/0372-8854/2010/0054S3-0024.

[10] MacInnes, B.T., Pinegina, T.K., Bourgeois, J., Razhegaeva, N.G., Kaistrenko, V.M., and Kravchunovskaya, E.A., 2009, Field survey and geological effects of the 15 November 2006 Kuril tsunami in the middle Kuril Islands, Pure and Applied Geophysics v. 166, doi:10.1007/s00024-008-0428-3.

[11] MacInnes, B.T., 2010 Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington.

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v t e ← Earthquakes in 2006 →
January	Southern Greece (6.7, Jan 8)
February	Mozambique (7.0, Feb 22)
March	Borujerd† (6.1, Mar 31)
April	Kamchatka (6.6–7.6, April) Gujarat (5.5, Apr 6) Tasmania, Australia (2.2, Apr 25)
May	Tonga (7.9, May 4) Yogyakarta†‡ (6.4, May 27)
July	Pangandaran† (7.7, Jul 17) Yanjin (5.2, Jul 22) Tajikistan (5.6, Jul 29)
August	Mendoza (5.7, Aug 5)
September	Gulf of Mexico (5.8, Sep 10)
October	Kiholo Bay (6.7, Oct 15)
November	Kuril Islands (8.3, Nov 15)
December	Hengchun (7.1, Dec 26)
† indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths ‡ indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year

v t e Earthquakes in Russia
Historical	1737 Kamchatka 1840 Ahora 1841 Kamchatka 1887 Verny 1889 Chilik
20th century	1902 Turkestan 1907 Qaratog 1911 Kebin 1911 Sarez 1918 Kuril Islands February 1923 Kamchatka April 1923 Kamchatka 1926 Kars earthquake 1927 Crimean 1929 Kopet Dag 1931 Zangezur 1946 Chatkal 1948 Ashgabat 1949 Khait 1952 Severo-Kurilsk 1959 Kamchatka 1963 Kuril Islands 1966 Tashkent 1970 Dagestan 1976 Osmussaar 1988 Armenian 1983 Hindu Kush 1990 Hindu Kush 1991 Hindu Kush 1991 Racha 1994 Kuril Islands 1995 Neftegorsk 1997 Kamchatka
21st century	2003 Altai 2006 Kamchatka 2006 Kuril Islands 2007 Kuril Islands 2007 Nevelsk 2008 Chechnya 2013 Okhotsk Sea 2017 Komandorski Islands
Related articles	Kamchatka earthquakes Kuril–Kamchatka Trench

v t e Earthquakes in Japan
Historical	679 Tsukushi 684 Hakuho 869 Jōgan 1293 Kamakura 1361 Shōhei 1498 Meiō 1586 Tenshō 1596 Fushimi 1605 Keichō 1611 Aizu 1611 Sanriku 1662 Kanbun 1662 Hyūga-nada 1677 Bōsō 1703 Genroku 1707 Hōei 1741 Kampo 1751 Takada 1771 Great Yaeyama 1792 Unzen 1804 Kisakata 1828 Sanjō 1833 Shōnai 1847 Zenkoji 1854 Iga–Ueno 1854 Nankai 1854 Tōkai 1855 Edo 1858 Hietsu 1872 Hamada 1889 Kumamoto 1891 Mino–Owari 1894 Tokyo 1894 Shōnai 1896 Sanriku 1896 Rikuu
20th century	1909 Anegawa 1911 Kikai Island 1914 Senboku 1922 Shimabara 1923 Great Kantō 1925 North Tajima 1927 North Tango 1930 North Izu 1933 Sanriku 1936 Miyagi 1939 Oga 1940 Shakotan 1941 Hyūga-nada 1943 Tottori 1944 Tōnankai 1945 Mikawa 1946 Nankai 1948 Fukui 1952 Tokachi 1961 North Mino 1963 Kuril Islands 1964 Niigata 1968 Ebino 1968 Hyūga-nada 1968 Tokachi 1973 Nemuro Peninsula 1974 Izu Peninsula 1978 Izu Ōshima 1978 Miyagi 1982 Urakawa 1983 Sea of Japan 1984 Nagano 1993 Kushiro 1993 Okushiri 1994 offshore Sanriku 1995 Hanshin 2000 Izu Islands 2000 Tottori
21st century	2001 Geiyo 2003 Miyagi 2003 Tokachi 2004 Chūetsu 2005 Fukuoka 2005 Miyagi 2006 Kuril Islands 2007 Chūetsu 2007 Kuril Islands 2007 Noto 2008 Iwate–Miyagi 2008 Iwate 2009 Shizuoka 2011 Tōhoku 2011 Nagano 2011 Shizuoka 2011 Miyagi 2011 Fukushima 2012 Chiba 2012 Sanriku 2014 Nagano 2015 Ogasawara 2016 Kumamoto 2016 Tottori 2016 Fukushima 2018 Osaka 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi 2019 Yamagata 2021 Fukushima 2021 Miyagi 2021 Chiba 2022 Fukushima 2023 Noto 2024 Noto 2024 Hyūga-nada
Related articles	Nankai megathrust earthquakes Tōkai earthquakes Tōnankai earthquakes Nankai earthquakes South Kantō earthquakes Matsushiro earthquake swarm

Tsunami

See also

References

External links