AD 66

AD 66 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	AD 66; LXVI
Ab urbe condita	819
Assyrian calendar	4816
Balinese saka calendar	N/A
Bengali calendar	−527
Berber calendar	1016
Buddhist calendar	610
Burmese calendar	−572
Byzantine calendar	5574–5575
Chinese calendar	乙丑年 (Wood Ox); 2763 or 2556; — to —; 丙寅年 (Fire Tiger); 2764 or 2557
Coptic calendar	−218 – −217
Discordian calendar	1232
Ethiopian calendar	58–59
Hebrew calendar	3826–3827
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	122–123
- Shaka Samvat	N/A
- Kali Yuga	3166–3167
Holocene calendar	10066
Iranian calendar	556 BP – 555 BP
Islamic calendar	573 BH – 572 BH
Javanese calendar	N/A
Julian calendar	AD 66; LXVI
Korean calendar	2399
Minguo calendar	1846 before ROC; 民前1846年
Nanakshahi calendar	−1402
Seleucid era	377/378 AG
Thai solar calendar	608–609
Tibetan calendar	阴木牛年; (female Wood-Ox); 192 or −189 or −961; — to —; 阳火虎年; (male Fire-Tiger); 193 or −188 or −960

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	1st century BC; 1st century ; 2nd century;
Decades:	40s; 50s; 60s ; 70s; 80s;
Years:	63; 64; 65; AD 66 ; 67; 68; 69;

Year 66 (LXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Telesinus and Paullinus (or, less frequently, year 819 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 66 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Roman Empire

September 22 – Emperor Nero creates the Legio Legio I Italica. He appoints Titus Flavius Vespasian legate of the army of Judea and in command of three legions — V Macedonica, X Fretensis and XV Apollinaris.^[1]
October – The Jewish Revolt (66–70 AD) commences against the Roman Empire. The Zealots lay siege on Jerusalem and annihilate the Roman garrison (a cohort of Legio III Cyrenaica). The Sicarii capture the fortress of Masada overlooking the Dead Sea.
Mid–late October – Cestius Gallus, legate of Syria, marches into Judea and leads a Roman army of 30,000 men to put down the Jewish rebellion. At its core is Legio XII Fulminata, plus 2,000 picked men from the other three Syrian legions, six more cohorts of infantry and four alae of cavalry, and over 14,000 auxiliaries furnished by Rome's eastern allies, including Herod Agrippa II and two other client kings, Antiochus IV of Commagene and Sohaemus of Emesa, who lead their forces (largely archers and cavalry) in person.^[2]
Gallus leads his main force down the coast from Caesarea via Antipatris to Lydda, detaching other units, by land and sea, to neutralize the rebel strongholds at Joppa, Narbata and the Tower of Aphek. With Galilee and the entire Judean coast in his hands, Gallus assumes his campaign before the winter rains rendered the roads impassable. He turns inland and marches on Jerusalem, taking the road via the plain at Emmaus. Gallus succeeds in conquering Beit She'arim the "New City" on the Bezetha Hill.^[3]
November – Battle of Beth-Horon: Gallus abandons the siege of Jerusalem and chose for uncertain reasons, to withdrew west to winter quarters, where he is ambushed and defeated by Judean rebels. Some 5,300 Roman troops are killed, as well as all their pack animals, their artillery (which is to serve the Jews of Jerusalem during Titus's siege operations four years later), and the greatest disgrace of all, the eagle standard of Legio XII Fulminata. Gallus abandons his troops in disarray fleeing to Syria.^[4]

Britannia

Suetonius Paullinus, governor of Britannia, becomes a Roman Consul.
The Roman Legio II Augusta is stationed at Gloucester.

Asia

Baekje invades Silla in the Korean Peninsula, and captures Castle Ugok.

By topic

Arts and sciences

Dioscorides writes his De Materia Medica, a treatise on the methodical treatment of disease by use of medicine (approximate date).

Astronomy

Halley's Comet is visible.

Religion

The First Epistle to Timothy is written (speculative date, if actually written by St. Paul).

Births

Deaths

Claudia Antonia, daughter of emperor Claudius (b. 30)
Petronius, Roman writer (b. c. 27)

References

^ Si Sheppard (2013). The Jewish Revolt 66–74, p. 20. ISBN 978-1-78096-183-5
^ Si Sheppard (2013). The Jewish Revolt 66–74 AD, p. 10. ISBN 978-1-78096-183-5
^ Si Sheppard (2013). The Jewish Revolt 66–74 AD, p. 11. ISBN 978-1-78096-183-5
^ Si Sheppard (2013). The Jewish Revolt 66–74 AD, pp. 14–16. ISBN 978-1-78096-183-5

[1] Si Sheppard (2013). The Jewish Revolt 66–74, p. 20. ISBN 978-1-78096-183-5

[2] Si Sheppard (2013). The Jewish Revolt 66–74 AD, p. 10. ISBN 978-1-78096-183-5

[3] Si Sheppard (2013). The Jewish Revolt 66–74 AD, p. 11. ISBN 978-1-78096-183-5

[4] Si Sheppard (2013). The Jewish Revolt 66–74 AD, pp. 14–16. ISBN 978-1-78096-183-5

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