Rawson W. Rawson

Sir Rawson William Rawson, KCMG, CB (8 September 1812 – 20 November 1899) was a British government official and statistician.^[1] During his tenure as a public servant in Canada he contributed to the Report on the affairs of the Indians in Canada, a foundational document in the establishment of the Canadian Indian residential school system.

Early life and Board of Trade

Rawson Rawson was born in 1812, the son of Sir William and Jane Rawson. His father had originally had the surname Adams, but had changed his name to Rawson, and also given it as a first name to his son.

Rawson was educated at Eton and entered the Board of Trade at the age of seventeen. He served as private secretary to three successive vice-presidents of the Board, Charles Poulett Thomson, Alexander Baring and William Ewart Gladstone.

Colonial service (1842–1875)

In 1842, having served Gladstone for one year he was appointed Civil Secretary to the then Governor-General of Canada Charles Bagot.^{[citation needed]} The same year he was appointed by Bagot, along with John Davidson and William Hepburn as commissioners for a report regarding government policies and expenditures related to Indigenous peoples in Canada East and Canada West. Completed in 1844, the final report, titled the Report on the affairs of the Indians in Canada, included a call for the introduction of industrial schools to address the noted failure of day schools to effectively keep Indigenous children from the influence of their parents. The report is regarded as a foundational document in the rationale for establishing the Canadian Indian residential school system.^[2]^[3]^: 12–17 In 1846, following his work on the report, Rawson was appointed treasurer and paymaster-general to Mauritius.^[4]

In 1854 he became colonial secretary in the Cape of Good Hope,^[5] which had just formed its first locally elected parliament. Soon after accepting this post, he was awarded a CB, and attained considerable local fame for his overly elaborate dress of lace collars, cuffs and buttons. Whilst in the Cape, he was exceptionally involved in the study of ferns and other plants, in the establishment of the South African Museum, as well as in the details of parliamentary procedure. However his abilities as a financier were repeatedly questioned, as the Cape government became severely indebted and eventually entered a recession. Parliamentary writer Richard William Murray records that in both Mauritius and the Cape Colony, Rawson had left the state "as nearly bankrupt as it is possible for a British dependency to be." Rawson was also notable for being among the government officials who supported the early movement for "responsible government" in the Cape, and therefore supported the handing over of power to a locally elected executive, to replace imperial officials like himself. He was retired from the post on 21 July 1864, to be succeeded by Sir Richard Southey.^[6]^[7]^[8]

His next post was the governorship of the Bahamas in July 1864,^[9] and he was subsequently promoted to the governorship of the Windward Islands and received a KCMG He retired from public office in 1875.

Statistical Society and later life

He was president of the Statistical Society (now called the Royal Statistical Society) (1884–1886), an organisation of which he was a staunch supporter. He had originally joined the Society in March 1835, and briefly held the post of editor of the Society's Journal, from 1837 to 1842.

On his retirement from public office he was re-elected to the Society's Council in 1876 and remained in post till his death. It was largely due to the efforts of Rawson that the society received its charter of incorporation in 1887. He was also the founding president of the International Statistical Institute.

Family

Rawson married in 1849 Mary-Anne Ward and they had eight children, including Herbert Rawson (1852–1924) and William Rawson (1854–1932).

The standard author abbreviation Rawson is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.^[10]

References

^ 'RAWSON, Sir Rawson William', Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 accessed 23 July 2013
^ Leslie, John (1982). "The Bagot Commission: Developing a Corporate Memory for the Indian Department" (PDF). Historical Papers. 17 (1): 31–52. doi:10.7202/030883a (inactive 11 January 2021). Retrieved 7 September 2017.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2021 (link)
^ Milloy, John S. (1999). A National Crime: The Canadian Government and the Residential School System 1879–1986. University of Manitoba Press. ISBN 978-0-88755-646-3.
^ Obituary, The Times, 22 November 1899, p.6. Available online at The Times Digital Archive (subscription required). Retrieved 31 July 2020.
^ The London Gazette. Issue 21530 (1854) pp. 785
^ JL. McCracken: The Cape Parliament. Clarendon Press: Oxford. 1967.
^ "S2A3 Biographical Database of Southern African Science".
^ R. Kilpin: The Old Cape House. p.72.
^ The London Gazette. Issue 22912 (1864), pp. 5371
^ International Plant Names Index. Rawson.

Obituary in Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, LXII (1899), 677–679.

[1] 'RAWSON, Sir Rawson William', Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 accessed 23 July 2013

[Leslie-2] Leslie, John (1982). "The Bagot Commission: Developing a Corporate Memory for the Indian Department" (PDF). Historical Papers. 17 (1): 31–52. doi:10.7202/030883a (inactive 11 January 2021). Retrieved 7 September 2017.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2021 (link)

[milloy-3] Milloy, John S. (1999). A National Crime: The Canadian Government and the Residential School System 1879–1986. University of Manitoba Press. ISBN 978-0-88755-646-3.

[4] Obituary, The Times, 22 November 1899, p.6. Available online at The Times Digital Archive (subscription required). Retrieved 31 July 2020.

[5] The London Gazette. Issue 21530 (1854) pp. 785

[6] JL. McCracken: The Cape Parliament. Clarendon Press: Oxford. 1967.

[7] "S2A3 Biographical Database of Southern African Science".

[8] R. Kilpin: The Old Cape House. p.72.

[9] The London Gazette. Issue 22912 (1864), pp. 5371

[10] International Plant Names Index. Rawson.

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v t e Presidents of the Royal Statistical Society
19th century	1834–1836 The Marquess of Lansdowne 1836–1838 Sir Charles Lemon, Bt 1838–1840 The Earl FitzWilliam 1840–1842 Viscount Sandon 1842–1843 The Marquess of Lansdowne 1843–1845 Lord Ashley 1845–1847 The Lord Monteagle of Brandon 1847–1849 The Earl FitzWilliam 1849–1851 The Earl of Harrowby 1851–1853 The Lord Overstone 1853–1855 The Earl FitzWilliam 1855–1857 The Earl of Harrowby 1857–1859 Lord Stanley 1859–1861 Lord John Russell 1861–1863 Sir John Pakington, Bt 1863–1865 William Henry Sykes 1865–1867 The Lord Houghton 1867–1869 William Ewart Gladstone 1869–1871 William Newmarch 1871–1873 William Farr 1873–1875 William Guy 1875–1877 James Heywood 1877–1879 George Shaw-Lefevre 1879–1880 Thomas Brassey 1880–1882 James Caird 1882–1884 Robert Giffen 1884–1886 Rawson W. Rawson 1886–1888 George Goschen 1888–1890 Thomas Graham Balfour 1890–1892 Frederic J. Mouat 1892–1894 Charles Booth 1894–1896 The Lord Farrer 1896–1897 John Biddulph Martin 1897 Alfred Edmund Bateman 1897–1899 Leonard Courtney 1899–1900 Henry Fowler 1900–1902 The Lord Avebury
20th century	1902–1904 Patrick George Craigie 1904–1905 Sir Francis Powell, Bt 1905–1906 The Earl of Onslow 1906–1907 Richard Martin 1907–1909 Sir Charles Dilke, Bt 1909–1910 Jervoise Athelstane Baines 1910–1912 Lord George Hamilton 1912–1914 Francis Ysidro Edgeworth 1914–1915 The Lord Welby 1915–1916 Lord George Hamilton 1916–1918 Bernard Mallet, Registrar General 1918–1920 Herbert Samuel 1920–1922 R. Henry Rew 1922–1924 The Lord Emmott 1924–1926 Udny Yule 1926–1928 The Viscount D'Abernon 1928–1930 A. William Flux 1930–1932 Sir Josiah Stamp 1932–1934 The Lord Meston 1934–1936 Major Greenwood 1936–1938 The Lord Kennet 1938–1940 Arthur Lyon Bowley 1940–1941 Henry William Macrosty 1941 Hector Leak 1941–1943 William Beveridge 1943–1945 Ernest Charles Snow 1945–1947 The Lord Woolton 1947–1949 David Heron 1949–1950 Sir Geoffrey Heyworth 1950–1952 Austin Bradford Hill 1952–1954 Ronald Fisher 1954–1955 The Lord Piercy 1955–1957 Egon Pearson 1957–1959 Harry Campion 1959–1960 Hugh Beaver 1960–1962 Maurice Kendall 1962–1964 Joseph Oscar Irwin 1964–1965 Sir Paul Chambers 1965–1966 L. H. C. Tippett 1966–1967 M. S. Bartlett 1967–1968 Frank Yates 1968–1969 Arthur Cockfield 1969–1970 R. G. D. Allen 1970–1971 Bernard Benjamin 1971–1972 George Alfred Barnard 1972–1973 Harold Wilson 1973–1974 D. J. Finney 1974–1975 Henry Daniels 1975–1977 Stella Cunliffe 1977–1978 Henry Wynn 1978–1980 Sir Claus Moser 1980–1982 David Cox 1982–1984 Peter Armitage 1984–1985 Walter Bodmer 1985–1986 John Nelder 1986–1987 James Durbin 1987–1989 John Kingman 1989–1991 Peter G. Moore 1991–1993 T. M. F. Smith 1993–1995 D. J. Bartholomew 1995–1997 Adrian Smith 1997–1999 Robert Nicholas Curnow 1999–2001 Denise Lievesley
21st century	2001–2003 Peter Green 2003–2005 Andy Grieve 2005–2007 Tim Holt 2008–2009 David Hand 2010–2010 Bernard Silverman (resigned Feb 2010; replaced pro tem by David Hand) 2011–2012 Valerie Isham 2013–2014 John Pullinger 2014–2016 Peter Diggle 2017–2018 David Spiegelhalter 2019– Deborah Ashby
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