Cyanicula nikulinskyae
| Philippa's china orchid | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Diurideae |
| Genus: | Caladenia |
| Species: | C. nikulinskyae
|
| Binomial name | |
| Caladenia nikulinskyae | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Caladenia nikulinskyae, commonly known as Philippa's china orchid,[2] granite china orchid[3] and Esperance china orchid[4] is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is very similar to Caladenia gemmata but has slightly smaller flowers with taller calli. It has a single broad, flattened leaf and up to two pale blue flowers and occurs near Esperance.
Description
Caladenia nikulinskyae is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single flattened leaf, 20–45 mm (0.8–2 in) long and about 5–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide. One or two pale blue flowers 20–30 mm (0.8–1 in) long and wide are borne on a stalk 70–130 mm (3–5 in) tall. The dorsal sepal is erect, 11–5 mm (0.4–0.2 in) long and 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) wide and the lateral sepals and petals have similar dimensions. The labellum is 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long, 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide and pale bluish-mauve and white. The sides of the labellum have short teeth, the tip curves downward and there are many rows of cylindrical calli along its mid-line. Flowering occurs from September to early November.[2][3][4][5]
Taxonomy and naming
This orchid was first formally described in 2000 by Stephen Hopper and Andrew Brown who gave it the name Cyanicula nikulinskyae. The description was published in Lindleyana from a specimen collected near Condingup.[6] In 2015, as a result of studies of molecular phylogenetics Mark Clements changed the name to Caladenia nikulinskyae.[1][7] The specific epithet (nikulinskyae) honours the botanical artist, Philippa Nikulinsky.[3][8]
Distribution and habitat
Phillippa's china orchid mostly occurs between the Fitzgerald River National Park and Israelite Bay in the Esperance Plains and Mallee biogeographic regions where it grows near areas that are wet in winter.[2][3][4][5][9]
Conservation
Caladenia nikulinskyae is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[9]
References
- ^ a b c "Caladenia nikulinskyae". APNI. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
- ^ a b c Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. pp. 30–31. ISBN 1877069124.
- ^ a b c d Brown, Andrew; Dundas, Pat; Dixon, Kingsley; Hopper, Stephen (2008). Orchids of Western Australia. Crawley, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. p. 191. ISBN 9780980296457.
- ^ a b c Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (2011). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 197. ISBN 9780646562322.
- ^ a b Archer, William. "Granite china orchid - Cyanicula nikulinskyae". Esperance Wildflowers. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
- ^ "Cyanicula nikulinskyae". APNI. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
- ^ Clements, Mark A.; Howard, Christopher G.; Miller, Joseph T. (13 April 2015). "Caladenia revisited: Results of molecular phylogenetic analyses of Caladeniinae plastid and nuclear loci". American Journal of Botany. 102 (4): 581–597. doi:10.3732/ajb.1500021. PMID 25878091.
- ^ "Nikulinsky, Philippa (1942-)". Council of the Heads of Australian Herbaria. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
- ^ a b "Cyanicula nikulinskyae". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.