K-P-R
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2021) |
- The article contains bi-directional text.
K-P-R is a Semitic root, in Arabic and Hebrew rendered as K-F-R (Template:Lang-ar; Template:Lang-he). The basic meaning of the root is "to cover", but it is used in the sense "to conceal" and hence "to deny", and its notability derives from its use for religious heresy or apostasy (as it were describing the "concealment" of religious truth) in both Islam and Judaism.
Etymology
Georges Bohas and Mihai Dat, in a study of triconsonontal Semitic roots, noted a connection of X-p-r, p-r-X and p-X-r roots (where X is another consonant) with meanings like "break off", "part," "cut", "shut off", "remove", "break up", "hide", "expel", suggesting a Proto-Semitic biconsontal root pr meaning "cut, divide."[1] It is first attested in the Akkadian verb kaparu ("wipe, smear"), with D-stem kupparu.[2]
Amharic
- Qofere (Template:Lang-am) dug
Arabic
Concepts
- Kufr (Template:Lang-ar), Kefirah (Template:Lang-he) — negation of the faith; disbelief
- Kāfir (Template:Lang-ar), pl. Kuffār (كفار) and Kāfirīn (كافرين), Kofer (Template:Lang-he), pl. Kofrim (Template:Lang-he) — "coverer" — unbeliever; "a person who hides or covers the truth"
- Takfīr (Template:Lang-ar) — excommunication
- Mukaffir (Template:Lang-ar) — the act which precipitates takfīr
- Kafare (Arabic) — sentence for a crime, for example lashes for adultery, used in religious issues
- kafr Template:Lang-ar) — village
- Kaffarah (Template:Lang-ar); Kofer (Template:Lang-he) — compensation for damages in Quranic, Talmudic and Mishnaic tort law.
Sunni Hadith
كافر (kāfir) will appear on the front of the face of dajjāl (Template:Lang-ar).
Hebrew
- Kofer-nefesh (Template:Lang-he)."The price of a life", "a ransom", compared to Teutonic Weregild.[citation needed]
- The poll tax of a half shekel to be paid by every male above twenty years at the census, as described in Exodus 30:11–16.
- The spelling "כופר" (with the stress on the e, which stands for צירה which is a long vowel) can mean an unbeliever, similar to the Arabic kafir, see Apostasy in Judaism, Heresy in Orthodox Judaism
- The main meaning of the root כפר is "atone".[citation needed] For example, in יום כפור (Yom Kippur), the Day of Atonement.
- Kfar (Template:Lang-he) — village
- Kaparah (Template:Lang-he) — atonement for a transgression, or compensation through monetary or spiritual means. See Kaparot (Template:Lang-he)
- Yom Kippur (Template:Lang-he) — the day of atonement