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Herman Welker

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Herman Welker
United States Senator
from Idaho
In office
January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1957
Preceded byGlen H. Taylor
Succeeded byFrank Church
Personal details
Born
Herman Orville Welker[1]

(1906-12-11)December 11, 1906
Cambridge, Idaho
DiedOctober 30, 1957(1957-10-30) (aged 50)
Bethesda, Maryland
Resting placeArlington National Cemetery
Arlington, Virginia
NationalityUnited States
Political partyRepublican
Spouse(s)Gladys Taylor Pence Welker
(1908–1991)
(m. 1930–1957, his death)
ChildrenNancy Welker (b. 1940)
ResidencePayette
Alma materUniversity of Idaho
College of Law, LL.B. 1929
ProfessionAttorney
Military service
Allegiance United States
Branch/service U.S. Army Air Forces
Years of service1943–44
RankCorporal
Battles/warsWorld War II

Herman Orville Welker (December 11, 1906 – October 30, 1957) was an American politician from the state of Idaho. He was a member of the Idaho Republican Party and served one term in the United States Senate, from 1951 to 1957.[2][3]

Early years

Born in Cambridge, Idaho, Welker was the youngest of seven children of John Thornton and Anna Zella Shepherd Welker, who had moved from North Carolina and started a potato farm. He was the grandson of Rev. George W. Welker of North Carolina.[4] He attended grade school in Cambridge and high school in Weiser. After graduation from Weiser High School in 1924, Welker went north to Moscow to attend the University of Idaho, where he started off in a general studies program and was a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity.[5] He switched to the College of Law in 1926 and graduated with a LL.B. degree in 1929.[6]

Welker passed the bar at age 21 and was elected as the prosecuting attorney for Washington County before he graduated. He was re-elected and served in that position from 1928 to 1936. Welker moved to Los Angeles in 1936 and had a private practice until 1943, when he enlisted in the U.S. Army Air Forces and served until 1944. He returned to Idaho and practiced law at Payette until 1950 and was a member of the state senate from 1949 to 1951.

U.S. Senate

In Idaho in 1950, Welker ran for the U.S. Senate. He won the Republican primary over Congressman John C. Sanborn and Governor C. A. Robins, and defeated former Democratic Senator D. Worth Clark in the general election. He gained seats on several important committees, including the Armed Services and Judiciary Committees. He soon distinguished himself as one of the most conservative and anticommunist senators, becoming a leading member and spokesperson for the right wing of the Republican Party.[2]

Harmon Killebrew

In the early 1950s, Sen. Welker told Washington Senators owner Clark Griffith about Harmon Killebrew, a young baseball player from his hometown who was batting .847 for a semi-professional baseball team at the time.[7][8] Griffith told his farm director Ossie Bluege about the tip and Bluege flew to Idaho to watch Killebrew play.[9] The Boston Red Sox also expressed interest but Bluege succeeded in signing him to a $50,000 contract on June 19, 1954.[8][10][11] Killebrew (1936–2011) had a Hall of Fame career in the major leagues.

Association with Joseph McCarthy

In the early 1950s, Welker became closely associated with fellow Republican Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin and "McCarthyism", so much so that he was often referred to by Senate colleagues as "Little Joe from Idaho."[12] In 1954, Welker was McCarthy's chief defender during censure proceedings in the U. S. Senate against McCarthy for the questionable investigative techniques McCarthy had used in pursuing individuals he accused of being communists, and others he accused of being homosexuals, within the government.[13] Welker was one of 22 Republicans (out of a total of 46 Republican senators) who voted against the censure of McCarthy in 1954 for these "red scare" communist witch hunts, and his so-called "lavender scare" tactics aimed at homosexuals in government.[14]

Welker, along with Republican Senator Styles Bridges of New Hampshire, was a key collaborator with McCarthy in the blackmail of Democratic Senator Lester C. Hunt of Wyoming and his son, that led to Hunt's suicide in his Senate office on June 19, 1954.[15][16] Welker threatened Sen. Hunt, a staunch opponent of McCarthy's tactics, that if he did not immediately retire from the Senate and not seek re-election in 1954, Welker would see that his son's arrest for soliciting an undercover policeman was prosecuted and would widely publicize his son's alleged homosexuality. Welker also threatened Inspector Roy Blick of the Morals Division of the Washington Police Department with the loss of his job if he failed to prosecute Hunt Jr.[17][18] After Hunt's suicide, a Republican, Edward D. Crippa, was appointed by the Republican acting governor of Wyoming, Clifford Joy Rogers, to fill the vacant seat.[19]

Alex Ross in The New Yorker wrote in 2012 of an event "loosely dramatized in the novel and film Advise & Consent [in which] Senator Lester Hunt, of Wyoming, killed himself after ... Welker [and others] ... threatened to expose Hunt's son as a homosexual".[20]

1956 election

In 1956, Welker ran for a second term in the Senate. Although he won the Republican nomination, again defeating Sanborn, he was decisively defeated by 32-year-old Democrat Frank Church of Boise; Welker gained less than 39 percent of the vote. This increased Democratic control of the Senate led to much anger within the Republican Party, with Joseph McCarthy even accusing President Dwight Eisenhower of not supporting Welker's reelection campaign enough.[21][22]

Election results

U.S. Senate elections in Idaho (Class III): Results 1950–1956
Year Democrat Votes Pct Republican Votes Pct 3rd Party Party Votes Pct
1950 D. Worth Clark 77,180 38.3% Herman Welker 124,237 61.7%
1956 Frank Church 149,096 56.2% Herman Welker (inc.) 102,781 38.7% Glen H. Taylor 13,415 5.1%

Death

After leaving the Senate in January 1957, Welker practiced law in Boise and participated in farming. After a few months, however, he became ill, and traveled to Bethesda, Maryland, for medical treatment at the National Institutes of Health. He was admitted on October 16, 1957, where he was diagnosed with a brain tumor. Operations were quickly performed, but Welker died later that month at age 50.[2][23] McCarthy had died earlier that year in Bethesda (Welker had attended McCarthy's funeral).

Welker's funeral was at Fort Myer and he was interred in Arlington National Cemetery.[24][25][26] He married Gladys Taylor Pence in 1930, and they had a daughter, Nancy.[2][27]

References

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

  1. ^ "Index". Gem of the Mountains, University of Idaho yearbook. 1928. p. 449.
  2. ^ a b c d "Former Sen. Herman Welker dead at 50 after surgery". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. Associated Press. October 31, 1957. p. 1.
  3. ^ "Herman Welker, Ex-Senator from Idaho, dies". Deseret News. Salt Lake City, Utah. October 31, 1957. p. 1A.
  4. ^ surnamearchive.com
  5. ^ "Juniors". Gem of the Mountains, University of Idaho yearbook. 1928. p. 88.
  6. ^ "Seniors". Gem of the Mountains, University of Idaho yearbook. 1929. p. 62.
  7. ^ Thielman, p. 131.
  8. ^ a b Porter, p. 808.
  9. ^ Thielman, p. 133.
  10. ^ Thielman, p. 134.
  11. ^ "Senators Pay $50,000 To First Bonus Player". The New York Times. Sports. June 20, 1954. p. S3.
  12. ^ Ashby, LeRoy; Rod Gramer (1994). Fighting the Odds: The Life of Senator Frank Church. Pullman, Washington: Washington State University Press. p. 61. ISBN 0-87422-103-X.
  13. ^ Rodger McDaniel, Dying for Joe McCarthy's Sins: The Suicide of Wyoming Senator Lester Hunt (WordsWorth, 2013), ISBN 978-0983027591
  14. ^ U.S. Senate, roll call vote on Senate Resolution 301, Dec. 2, 1954.
  15. ^ McDaniel, Dying for Joe McCarthy's Sins.
  16. ^ Michael Isikoff (2015-06-21). "Uniquely Nasty: The blockbuster novel that haunted gay Washington". Yahoo. Retrieved 2017-06-19.
  17. ^ Pearson, Drew (1954-06-22). "The Washington Merry-Go-Round" (PDF). Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. p. 16. Archived from the original on 2012-02-17. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  18. ^ Pearson, Drew (1974-02-21). Abell, Tyler (ed.). Diaries, 1949–1959. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. p. 325. hdl:2027/uc1.$b325265. ISBN 0030014263. OCLC 707040.
  19. ^ "Congressional Quiz". The Free Lance–Star. Vol. 70, no. 176. Fredericksburg, Virginia. Congressional Quarterly. 1954-07-28. Retrieved 2018-05-03.
  20. ^ Ross, Alex, "Love on the March", The New Yorker, November 12, 2012. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
  21. ^ "Welker loss laid to Ike by M'Carthy". Wilmington Morning Star. North Carolina. Associated Press. January 5, 1957. p. 1.
  22. ^ Moore, William (January 5, 1957). "Sen. McCarthy charges Ike purged Welker of Idaho". Chicago Tribune. p. 1, part 2.
  23. ^ "Herman Welker taken by death". Spokesman-Review. Associated Press. October 31, 1957. p. 1.
  24. ^ Burial Detail: Welker, Herman (section 34, grave 325-A) – ANC Explorer
  25. ^ "Military services scheduled for Welker at Ft. Myer, Va". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. Associated Press. November 1, 1957. p. 1.
  26. ^ "Welker buried among war dead in Arlington Cemetery". Lewiston Morning Tribune. Idaho. Associated Press. November 2, 1957. p. 1.
  27. ^ Romig, Bob. "The Pence Family". Pence Land. Retrieved March 5, 2013.

Further reading

  • McDaniel, Rodger. Dying for Joe McCarthy's Sins: The Suicide of Wyoming Senator Lester Hunt (WordsWorth, 2013), ISBN 978-0983027591
Party political offices
Preceded by Republican Party nominee, U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Idaho
1950 (won), 1956 (lost) 		Succeeded by
U.S. Senate
Preceded by U.S. senator (Class 3) from Idaho
January 3, 1951–January 3, 1957
Served alongside: Henry Dworshak 		Succeeded by
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