Eclipse Island (Western Australia)
 Eclipse Island from near the Blowholes at Torndirrup National Park | |
 | |
| Geography | |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 35°10′58″S 117°53′12″E / 35.18278°S 117.88667°E |
| Administration | |
Eclipse Island is a barren island in Western Australia, 17 kilometres (10.6 mi) due south of Albany, and 6.1 km (3.8 mi) south of the nearest point of the mainland coast, which is Cave Point on the southern coast of Torndirrup Peninsula. Eclipse Island Lighthouse is located near the centre of the island. Nearby South West Island contains Western Australia's southernmost landmass.
Naming
The island was named for an observation on 28 September 1791 by Captain George Vancouver "observed this Wednesday morning a partial solar eclipse. He went on the name the barren rocky cluster of isles."[1]
The island supports a large colony of introduced rabbits and another common introduced pest the arum lily has also been introduced to the island in the past.
The island is composed of granite and has a total area of 99 hectares (245 acres) and was declared a Class 1A Nature Reserve in 2000.[2] It is a waypoint for the Volvo Ocean Race.
The island has a landing stage that is 30 feet (9 m) above the water line to service the 360 feet (110 m) lighthouse which also houses Western Australia's most southerly weather recording station. In 1950 four families were living on the island.[3]
Birds
The island has been classified as an Important Bird Area because it has been reported as supporting over 1% of the world's breeding population of flesh-footed shearwaters (6000-8000 pairs) and great-winged petrels (10,000-15,000 pairs).[4] Other birds that are found on the island include wedge-tailed shearwaters, little shearwaters,[5] Caspian terns and Pacific gulls.
Climate
Greatly exposed to the westerly storm track, Eclipse Island has extraordinarily cool summers for its latitude at a little over 35 degrees south; perhaps among the coolest in the world. Summers closely resemble those in England, more than 15 degrees farther from the equator. It rains on 181 days of the year, which is equal to many climates in Scotland—more than 20 degrees poleward.
The annual mean temperature of 15.7 °C (60.3 °F), is also markedly cool for its latitude; about one and a half degrees cooler than North American climates at this corresponding latitude, and more than four degrees cooler than in the Mediterranean of southern Europe.
| Climate data for Eclipse Island (35.18° S, 117.88° E) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 21.8 (71.2) |
21.9 (71.4) |
21.2 (70.2) |
19.8 (67.6) |
17.9 (64.2) |
16.2 (61.2) |
15.1 (59.2) |
15.4 (59.7) |
16.1 (61.0) |
17.3 (63.1) |
18.9 (66.0) |
20.5 (68.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 15.6 (60.1) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.5 (59.9) |
14.3 (57.7) |
12.8 (55.0) |
11.3 (52.3) |
10.2 (50.4) |
9.9 (49.8) |
10.5 (50.9) |
11.3 (52.3) |
12.8 (55.0) |
14.3 (57.7) |
12.9 (55.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 22.6 (0.89) |
15.7 (0.62) |
33.1 (1.30) |
69.1 (2.72) |
118.9 (4.68) |
148.6 (5.85) |
168.7 (6.64) |
134.4 (5.29) |
99.9 (3.93) |
70.6 (2.78) |
39.2 (1.54) |
28.3 (1.11) |
949.1 (37.35) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 7.6 | 6.5 | 10.5 | 14.5 | 19.5 | 20.9 | 22.7 | 21.9 | 19.2 | 16.9 | 11.9 | 9.0 | 181.1 |
| Source: Australian Bureau of Meteorology; Eclipse Island | |||||||||||||
References
- ^ "Solar Eclipse Calendar" (PDF). Solar Eclipse Newsletter. 8 (9). September 2003.
- ^ "Terrestrial Protected Areas of WA". 2002. Archived from the original on 14 May 2009. Retrieved 14 April 2008.
- ^ "On Eclipse Island". Western Mail. Perth, Western Australia. 22 June 1950. p. 30. Retrieved 13 April 2011 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "IBA: Eclipse Island (Albany)". Birdata. Birds Australia. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
- ^ Warham, John (January 1958). "The Nesting of the Shearwater Puffinus carneipes" (PDF). The Auk. 75 (1): 3.
External links
- "The Eclipse Island Lighthouse". Lighthouses of Western Australia. Lighthouses of Australia Inc.