Oxyaeninae

Oxyaeninae Temporal range: late Paleocene to middle Eocene
Patriofelis ferox skeleton
Reconstruction of Sarkastodon mongoliensis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Clade:	Pan-Carnivora
Order:	†Oxyaenodonta
Family:	†Oxyaenidae
Subfamily:	†Oxyaeninae Trouessart, 1885
Type genus
†Oxyaena Cope, 1874
Genera
†Argillotherium †Dipsalidictis(paraphyletic genus) †Malfelis †Oxyaena †Patriofelis †Protopsalis †Sarkastodon
Synonyms
Oxyaenidae (Cope, 1877)

Oxyaeninae ("sharp hyenas") is an extinct subfamily of placental mammals from extinct family Oxyaenidae, that lived in Asia, North America and Europe from the late Paleocene to middle Eocene.

Etymology

The name of the subfamily translates as "sharp hyaenas" (from Ancient Greek ὀξύς- (oxús-) 'sharp', name of hyena genus Hyaena and taxonomic suffix "-inae").

Classification and phylogeny

Taxonomy

• Subfamily: †Oxyaeninae (Cope, 1877)
  • Genus: †Argillotherium (Davies, 1884)
    • †Argillotherium toliapicum (Davies, 1884)
  • Genus: †Dipsalidictis^{(paraphyletic genus)} (Matthew & Granger, 1915)
    • †Dipsalidictis aequidens (Matthew & Granger, 1915)
    • †Dipsalidictis krausei (Gunnell & Gingerich, 1991)
    • †Dipsalidictis platypus (Matthew & Granger, 1915)
    • †Dipsalidictis transiens (Matthew & Granger, 1915)
  • Genus: †Malfelis (Stucky & Hardy, 2007)
    • †Malfelis badwaterensis (Stucky & Hardy, 2007)
  • Genus: †Oxyaena (Cope, 1874)
    • †Oxyaena forcipata (Cope, 1874)
    • †Oxyaena gulo (Matthew & Granger, 1915)
    • †Oxyaena intermedia (Denison, 1938)
    • †Oxyaena lupina (Cope, 1874)
    • †Oxyaena pardalis (Matthew & Granger, 1915)
    • †Oxyaena simpsoni (Van Valen, 1966)
    • †Oxyaena woutersi (Lange-Badré & Godinot, 1982)
    • †Oxyaena sp. [Europe] (Solé, 2011)
  • Genus: †Patriofelis (Leidy, 1870)
    • †Patriofelis ferox (Marsh, 1872)
    • †Patriofelis ulta (Leidy, 1870)
  • Genus: †Protopsalis (Cope, 1880)
    • †Protopsalis tigrinus (Cope, 1880)
  • Genus: †Sarkastodon (Granger, 1938)
    • †Sarkastodon henanensis (Tong & Lei, 1986)
    • †Sarkastodon mongoliensis (Granger, 1938)

Phylogeny

The phylogenetic relationships of the subfamily Oxyaeninae are shown in the following cladogram:

Pan-Carnivora	†Hyaenodonta  †Altacreodus †Tinerhodon  ?  †Wyolestidae  ?  †Simidectes †Hyaenodonta (sensu stricto)  sensu lato  Carnivoramorpha  †Oxyaenodonta   †Oxyaenidae  †Tytthaeninae  †Machaeroidinae †Palaeonictinae  †Oxyaeninae  †Dipsalidictis aequidens †Dipsalidictis krausei †Dipsalidictis platypus †Dipsalidictis transiens  †Oxyaena  †Oxyaena intermedia †Oxyaena forcipata †Oxyaena gulo †Oxyaena lupina †Oxyaena simpsoni †Oxyaena pardalis †Oxyaena woutersi †Oxyaena sp. (Europe)  †Argillotherium  †Argillotherium toliapicum  ?   †Sarkastodon  †Sarkastodon henanensis †Sarkastodon mongoliensis  †Malfelis  †Malfelis badwaterensis  †Protopsalis  †Protopsalis tigrinus  †Patriofelis  †Patriofelis ferox †Patriofelis ulta	†Altacreodus/Tinerhodon clade †Dipsalidictis

See also

• Mammal classification
• Oxyaenidae