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Pheu Thai Party

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Pheu Thai Party
พรรคเพื่อไทย
AbbreviationPTP
LeaderChusak Sirinil (acting)
Secretary-GeneralPrasert Jantararuangtong[1]
SpokespersonLinthiporn Warinwatcharoj (acting)
Deputy Leaders
  • Sermsak Phongpanich
  • Phumitham Wechachai
  • Kitti Limsakul
  • Jittipoj Wiriyaroj
  • Sutin Klungsang
Party Member RegistrarJakkapong Sangmanee
FounderThaksin Shinawatra
Founded20 September 2007; 17 years ago (2007-09-20)
Preceded byPeople's Power Party (de facto)
Headquarters1770 OAI Bld. New Petchburi Rd. Bangkapi, Huai Khwang, Bangkok
Think tankCARE[2]
Youth wingPheu Thai Institute of Youth[3][4]
Membership (2023)66,833[5][needs update]
Ideology
Political positionCentre to centre-right[9][13]
Colours  Red and   Blue
Sloganขอคิดใหม่ ทำใหม่ เพื่อไทยทุกคน... อีกครั้ง
Let us rethink and redo for all Thais... again[14]
House of Representatives
141 / 500
Bangkok Metropolitan Council
21 / 50
PAO Chiefs
11 / 76
Party flag
Website
www.ptp.or.th

The Pheu Thai Party[15] (PTP; Template:Lang-th, RTGS: Phak Phuea Thai, pronounced [pʰák pʰɯ̂a tʰāj]) is a major Thai political party and is the third incarnation of a Thai political party founded by former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra. It is the current majority ruling party of Thailand, ruling along with other parties in a coalition.

The Pheu Thai Party was founded on 20 September 2007,[16] as an anticipated replacement for the People's Power Party (PPP), which the Constitutional Court of Thailand dissolved less than three months later after finding party members guilty of electoral fraud. The People's Power Party was itself a replacement for Thaksin's original Thai Rak Thai Party (TRT), dissolved by the Court in May 2007 for violation of electoral laws.[17][18]

As of July 2019, Pheu Thai had 22,771 members.[19] The party is currently being temporarily led by deputy leader Chusak Sirinil after the resignation of Chonlanan Srikaew. The party tends to be more popular in the north and east of the country. It won 141 seats in the 2023 Thai general election, making it the party with the second largest number of seats in the Thai House of Representatives.

History

Formation and opposition years (2008–2011)

The PPP was dissolved by the Constitutional Court of Thailand on 2 December 2008. On 3 December 2008, the majority of the former PPP MPs defected to the Pheu Thai Party. In a PTP general assembly, the first executive commission was elected on 7 December 2008.[20] Candidates for the party's leader were: Yongyuth Wichaidit, Apiwan Wiriyachai, former Vice President of the House of Representatives, former health minister Chalerm Yubamrung and former industry minister Mingkwan Saengsuwan.[20] Yongyuth Wichaidit was elected as the party's leader.[20][21]

In a December 2008 parliamentary session, MPs of five PPP coalition parties decided to endorse Abhisit Vejjajiva as the next prime minister and themselves forming a Democrat-led coalition. The PTP campaigned for their endorsement by the PPP-coalition parties. However, Abhisit had gained their support for the premiership.[22][23] After that, the party called for a national unity government in which all parties would be involved, with Sanoh Thienthong of the Pracharaj Party as the new premier. This proposal was rejected by the defecting coalition parties and the Democrat Party.[24] On 11 December, Worrawat Eua-apinyakul, then MP for Phrae from PTP, suggested that the party should push for a house dissolution and general elections, with the hope of depriving the prospective coalition of a parliamentary majority. However, The President of the House of Representatives; Chai Chidchob spoke against the plan.[25]

On 15 December 2008, the party elected Pracha Promnok as the party's candidate for prime minister and has since been in opposition to prime minister Abhisit Vejjajiva's coalition government. As an opposition, the party received a rating of 3.75 out of 10 by a majority of respondents in a nationwide survey conducted on 24 and 25 December 2010, by Bangkok University.[26]

In early May 2011, Charupong Ruangsuwan was named new Secretary general of the party.[27] Following the discovery of illegal timber by Thai authorities, during an August 2014 search at Charupong's son's Mae Hong Son Province resort for buried war weapons and other illegal items, the media reported that both Charupong and his son were no longer present in Thailand.[28]

In government (2011–2014)

In the 2011 general election, the Pheu Thai Party contested for the first time since its foundation. On 16 May, Thaksin's youngest sister Yingluck Shinawatra was nominated head of PTP's party-list proportional representation and contender of prime minister Abhisit. One of her main issues in the campaign was national reconciliation.[29] The election was expected to be a neck-and-neck contest between Pheu Thai and the ruling Democrats.[30] Unexpectedly,[citation needed] the party won 265 of 500 seats in the House of Representatives on 3 July. Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva acknowledged Pheu Thai's success in the election, and congratulated Yingluck Shinawatra as Thailand's first female prime minister.[31] Despite its absolute majority, the winning party announced that it would form a coalition government with five minor parties. On 5 August, Yingluck was elected prime minister with 296 votes in favour. The election was approved and Yingluck was formally appointed by the king on 8 August.[32]

2023 election

During the 2023 Thai general election, Pheu Thai repeated its position that it would not form a coaltion with both Palang Pracharat and United Thai Nation due to their involvement in the 2014 coup.[33] Following the 2023 election, the Move Forward party leader and candidate, Pita Limjaoenrat, was denied the position of Prime Minister by Parliament.[34] The coaltion was then dissolved and replaced by a Pheu Thai led coalition without Move Forward.[35]

On 7 August, they formed a new coalition to include Bhumjaithai, which won the third largest amount of MPs in the election and on 10 August, the Chart Pattana Kla party joined the coalition with 2 MPs.[36]

On 12 August, Pheu Thai unofficially[37] expanded its coalition again to include the pro-junta parties of Palang Pracharat and United Thai Nation, which both participated or supported the 2014 coup that ousted Pheu Thai prime minister Yingluck Shinawatra, increasing the amount of MPs in the coalition to 315 out of the 500 MPs in Parliament.[38][39] The move was widely criticized as it broke their election promise to not work with parties linked to the junta.[40]

The coaltion currently contains in order of most MPs: Pheu Thai at 141 MPs, Bhumjaithai at 71, Palang Pracharat at 40, United Thai Nation at 36, Chart Pattana Kla at 2; with Thai Liberal, New Democracy, Plung Sungkom Mai and Thongtee Thai all having one.[39] On 22 August 2023, its candidate Srettha Thavisin was elected 30th Prime Minister after gaining enough votes from Parliament.[41]

Ideology

Similar to its predecessors, the Pheu Thai Party is a populist political party that appeals to the rural and urban poor. In 2023, the PTP campaigned on economically populist policies including stimulus checks (฿10,000 digital wallet), expanding healthcare coverage and raising the minimum wage.[42][43]

The party has also been described as liberal on social issues due to its support for democracy, scrapping military conscription, decriminalizing sex work, and legalizing same-sex marriage. It is conservative on reforming the Lèse-majesté laws and opposes monarchy reforms.[44][45][46][47][48]

Despite being perceived by some as leftist, the PTP is quite pro-business and economically liberal. Under the Yingluck administration, the party passed several cuts in corporate tax and considered cutting personal income tax even further to boost innovation and business growth. In 2023, Paethongtarn Shinawatra stated that "Capitalism must have a heart". This further solidified the party's image as one of "Empathetic Capitalism".[49][50][51]

Political positions

2023 Manifesto

Economic policy[52]

  • Raising the minimum wage to ฿600 by 2027
  • Raising Thailand's GDP
  • Promote cultural and medical tourism
  • Introduce a ฿10,000 'digital wallet' for Thais over 16[53]
  • Introduce free Wi-Fi in public parks
  • Introduce a minimum monthly ฿25,000 salary for workers with a bachelor’s degree[54]
  • Introduce a monthly retirement fund of ฿3,000 to Thais aged over 60[54]
  • Decentralise public hospitals
  • Upgrade water management
  • Upgrade rail infrastructure
  • Construct new rail infrastructure
  • Expand Suvarnabhumi airport
  • Expand maternity benefits[54]
  • Improve working conditions[55]

Social policy[52]

  • Keep the Lèse-majesté laws[35]
  • Decentralise the central government
  • Decentralise public education
  • Allow elections for provincial governors
  • Rewrite the constitution to only allow elected MPs to vote for a prime minister
  • Introduce free HPV vaccinations
  • Introduce free medical checkups for Hepatitis C
  • Legalize same-sex marriage[56]
  • Replace military conscription with a voluntary system[57]

Pheu Thai Party Prime Ministers

Name Portrait Periods in Office Election
Yingluck Shinawatra 5 August 2011 – 7 May 2014 2011
Srettha Thavisin 22 August 2023 – present 2023

Election results

General elections

Election Total seats won Total votes Share of votes Outcome of election Election leader
2011
265 / 500
 15,744,190 48.41% Increase76 seats; Governing coalition (PTP-CP-CPPPP-PCP-MP-NDP) Yingluck Shinawatra
2014 Invalidated Invalidated Invalidated Unconstitutional - nullified
2019
136 / 500
 7,920,630 22.29% Decrease129 seats; Opposition Sudarat Keyuraphan
2023
141 / 500
 10,962,522 28.86% Increase5 seats; Governing coalition (PTP-BJT-PPRP-UTN-CTPP-Prachachat-PTRP-CPKP-TLP-PSM-PoTC) Paethongtarn Shinawatra

Bangkok gubernatorial elections

Election Candidate Total votes Share of votes Outcome
2009 Yuranunt Pamornmontri 611,669 29.06% Lost Red XN
2013 Pongsapat Pongcharoen 1,077,899 40.97% Lost Red XN

Bangkok Metropolitan Council elections

Election Total seats won Total votes Share of votes Outcome of election
2010
15 / 61
 Decrease5 seats
2022
20 / 50
 620,009 26.77% Increase5 seats; Majority

References

  1. ^ Sattaburuth, Aekarach (9 December 2019). "Pheu Thai's Anudith is no puppet". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
  2. ^ "เปิดตัว กลุ่ม "CARE คิด เคลื่อน ไทย"".
  3. ^ ""อ้อเล็ก" โผล่คุมงานเยาวชนเพื่อไทย "ปู-โอ๊ค-อ้วน" รับบทกุนซือ". 24 October 2013.
  4. ^ "พรรคเพื่อไทยให้ความสำคัญวัยใส เปิดตัวสถาบันเยาวชนเพื่อไทย".
  5. ^ ข้อมูลพรรคการเมืองที่ยังดำเนินการอยู่ ณ วันที่ 8 มีนาคม 2566 (จำนวน 88 พรรคการเมือง)
  6. ^ Pichayada Promchertchoo (17 August 2023). "Analysis: Democracy champion to new face of conservatives — how Pheu Thai's moves to regain power could shape Thai politics". CNA.
  7. ^ Cod Satrusayang (4 November 2021). "Cod Satrusayang: Same old Pheu Thai, Conservative party with liberal lipstick". thaienquirer.
  8. ^ Phongpaichit, Pasuk; Baker, Chris (2009). Thaksin (Second ed.). Silkworm Books. pp. 115–123.
  9. ^ a b "Major players in Thailand's election".
  10. ^ Boris Sullivan (5 June 2011). "Is Thaksin's Pheu Thai a Populist Party?". Thailand Business News.
  11. ^ "Thailand's main political parties". AlJazeera. 2 July 2011.
  12. ^ Peter Warr (20 September 2011). "'Thaksinomics' and Thai Populism Redux". Global Asia. 6 (3).
  13. ^ Pichayada Promchertchoo (17 August 2023). "She added that the shift in Pheu Thai's political image towards the right wing has brought its conservative nature into focus, thus breaking its facade falsely perceived by some voters as leftist..." CNAasia.
  14. ^ "Pheu Thai Party Website Logo and Motto page in Thai". Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 22 December 2011.
  15. ^ "ประกาศนายทะเบียนพรรคการเมือง เรื่อง รับจดแจ้งการจัดตั้งพรรคเพื่อไทย" [Political parties registrar announcement Re: Pheu Thai Party establishment register accepted] (PDF). Royal Thai Government Gazette (in Thai). 124 (special part 174 D): 23. 9 November 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
  16. ^ พรรคที่จดทะเบียนจัดตั้ง เมื่อวันที่ 20 กันยายน พ.ศ. 2550
  17. ^ "Historical rulings unfold". The Nation (Thailand). Bangkok. 30 May 2007.
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  19. ^ "Democrats lead in membership". Bangkok Post. 13 July 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
  20. ^ a b c "Puea Thai Party to elect leader on Sunday". The Nation (Thailand). Bangkok. 3 December 2008.
  21. ^ "Yongyuth becomes new Pheu Thai leader". The Nation (Thailand). Bangkok. 8 December 2008. Archived from the original on 10 December 2008.
  22. ^ "Pheu Thai in desperate bid for power". The Nation (Thailand). 8 December 2008.
  23. ^ "Thai opposition 'set for power'". BBC News. 10 December 2008.
  24. ^ Jaikawang, Naya (10 December 2008). "Pheu Thai now calling for a national govt". The Nation (Thailand). Bangkok.
  25. ^ "We may dissolve the House : Pheu Thai". The Nation (Thailand). Bangkok. 11 December 2008.
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  27. ^ "Jarupong named Pheu Thai sec gen". The Nation. 3 May 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  28. ^ "Huge haul of illegal timber found in the resort of Charupong Ruangsuwan's son". Thai PBS. 10 August 2014. Retrieved 10 August 2014.
  29. ^ Hengkietisak, Kamol (28 May 2011). "Yingluck unveils Pheu Thai's model of reconciliation". Bangkok Post.
  30. ^ "No teaming up for Pheu Thai, Democrats". Bangkok Post. 10 May 2018.
  31. ^ "Thai prime minister concedes, congratulates first female premier". CNN. 3 July 2011. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
  32. ^ Proclamation on Appointment of Prime Minister (Yingluck Shinawatra) dated 5 August 2011
  33. ^ Connor, Mitch (19 April 2023). "Pheu Thai Party candidate rejects collaboration with coup leaders". Thaiger. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  34. ^ "'It's like a divorce': Thailand's Pheu Thai aims to form government after poll winner Move Forward is sidelined". ABC News. 2 August 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  35. ^ a b "Thailand's Pheu Thai Party Takes Control—But at a Long Term Cost". Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  36. ^ "Pheu Thai Closes In On A House Majority Needing Only 98 More Seats". 12 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  37. ^ Fronde, Neill (13 August 2023). "Pheu Thai Party solidifies coalition agreement with PPRP and UTN". Thaiger. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  38. ^ Mail, Pattaya (12 August 2023). "PPRP to vote for Pheu Thai PM candidate unconditionally". Pattaya Mail. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  39. ^ a b "Pheu Thai coalition 'done'". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  40. ^ "Critics slam Pheu Thai's 'betrayal'". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  41. ^ "Srettha Thavisin set to become Thailand's new prime minister after three months of political deadlock". www.msn.com. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  42. ^ "A taste of populism". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  43. ^ "Pheu Thai clarifies wage-hike pledge". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  44. ^ "LGBTQ+ groups turn to Pheu Thai". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  45. ^ "Thailand's Pheu Thai Party Takes Control—But at a Long Term Cost". Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  46. ^ https://www.facebook.com/TheNationThailand (29 April 2023). "Where different parties stand in Thailand's political compass". nationthailand. Retrieved 18 August 2023. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help); External link in |last= (help)
  47. ^ https://www.facebook.com/TheNationThailand (5 June 2023). "Pita, Paetongtarn lead Thailand into 'rainbow era' at Bangkok Pride". nationthailand. Retrieved 18 August 2023. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help); External link in |last= (help)
  48. ^ "City groups push for legalisation of sex work". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  49. ^ "Tax reforms put on hold". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  50. ^ "EXCLUSIVE - Thai opposition's Yingluck: populist but pro-business". Reuters. 7 June 2011. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  51. ^ เพื่อไทย พรรคนี้เป็นไงบ้าง?, retrieved 18 August 2023
  52. ^ a b Parpart, Erich (7 December 2022). "Pheu Thai up political game after its policy manifesto announcement, politics set to heat up - Thai Enquirer Current Affairs". Thai Enquirer. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  53. ^ "Pheu Thai to revive 'digital wallet'". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  54. ^ a b c "Party Policies, Factional Politics, and the 2023 Election in Thailand". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  55. ^ "Thailand's opposition party unveils policies and candidates". AP News. 17 March 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  56. ^ "LGBTQ+ groups turn to Pheu Thai". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
  57. ^ Parpart, Erich (19 January 2023). "Opposition parties call for an end to mandatory conscription - Thai Enquirer Current Affairs". Thai Enquirer. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
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