Bredtveit Prison
59°56′56.64″N 10°51′33.02″E / 59.9490667°N 10.8591722°E
Bredtveit Prison (formally named Bredtveit Prison Service, Custody and Supervision Unit, Norwegian: Bredtveit fengsel, forvarings- og sikringsanstalt) is a prison located in the neighborhood of Bredtvet in Oslo, Norway. During World War II it was a concentration camp.
Pre-World War II
It originated at Bredtvet farm as a learning home (lærehjem) for young boys, erected 1918 and in use from 1919 to 1923. In 1923 the state took over the property from Det norske lærehjem- og verneforbund. In 1929 it was decided to turn the property into a juvenile center with teaching of labour skills; the green light was given in 1939. This plan did not materialize,[1] as the construction of the facility was halted by war.[2]
Concentration camp
In 1940, Norway was invaded and occupied by Nazi Germany. From 1941 the Nazi collaborationist party Nasjonal Samling used Bredtveit as a political prison.[2] It bore a similarity to Falstad concentration camp, in the original purpose of the facility.
People incarcerated at Bredtveit during the war included several professors arrested during the crackdown on the University of Oslo in October 1943: Johan Christian Schreiner, Odd Hassel, Ragnar Frisch, Johannes Andenæs, Carl Jacob Arnholm, Bjørn Føyn, Eiliv Skard, Harald K. Schjelderup and Anatol Heintz.[3] Also, a group of Jewish prisoners that arrived in Oslo after the departure of SS Donau stayed at Bredtveit. They left Bredtveit on 24 February 1943, and were shipped towards Auschwitz on the following day. Personnel in the camp include physician Hans Eng.[4]
Post-World War II
In 1945, after the war was over, Bredtveit was used as a prison for women who awaited trial for collaboration, as a part of the legal purge in Norway after World War II.[1] Later politician Aaslaug Aasland served as prison director in the initial period.[5] From 1949 it was a general women's prison, which included a facility for forced labour. Forced labour ceased to exist in Norway in 1970, whereupon the prison got the name Bredtveit fengsel og sikringsanstalt.[1] It is one of three women's prisons in Norway, the others being Sandefjord and Ravneberget.[6] It has a capacity of 54 inmates.[7]
Amongst the people incarcerated at Bredtveit after the war included Veronica Orderud and Kristin Kirkemo who were convicted in the Orderud murder case.[8]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Tvedt, Knut Are, ed. (2000). "Bredtveit fengsel og sikringsanstalt". Oslo byleksikon (4 ed.). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. p. 79. ISBN 82-573-0815-3.
- ^ a b Nøkleby, Berit (1995). "fengsler/fangeleirer". In Dahl; Hjeltnes; Nøkleby; Ringdal; Sørensen (eds.). Norsk krigsleksikon 1940-45 (in Norwegian). Oslo: Cappelen. Archived from the original on 4 January 2010. Retrieved 18 January 2010.
- ^ Giertsen, Børre R., ed. (1946). Norsk fangeleksikon. Grinifangene (in Norwegian). Oslo: Cappelen. p. 330.
{{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "Dr. Eng om eksekusjonene". Verdens Gang (in Norwegian). 9 December 1948. p. 8.
- ^ Norderval, Ingunn. "Aaslaug Aasland". In Helle, Knut (ed.). Norsk biografisk leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 16 January 2010.
- ^ Hanssen, Nina (25 January 2008). "Rene kvinnefengsler i Sverige". Fri Fagbevegelse (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 18 January 2010.
- ^ Official site of the prison Archived December 29, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Grønning, Lars Håkon; Milli, Øystein (29 January 2008). "Veronica Orderud flytter til søsteren Kristin" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 18 January 2010.