Mount Smart
| Rarotonga | |
|---|---|
| Mount Smart | |
 Detail from a postcard of Onehunga viewed from the west around 1910, showing Rarotonga / Mount Smart scoria cone before it was quarried away. | |
| Highest point | |
| Coordinates | 36°55′6″S 174°48′45″E / 36.91833°S 174.81250°E |
| Geography | |
| Location | North Island, New Zealand |
| Geology | |
| Volcanic arc/belt | Auckland volcanic field |
Rarotonga / Mount Smart (also known as Te Ipu kura a Maki)[1] is one of the volcanoes in the Auckland volcanic field. Quarrying removed almost all the scoria cone, which was 87 m high (around 57 m higher than the surrounding land). Prior to the arrival of Europeans, it was extensively terraced and used as a defensive pā.[1][2] The former quarry is now the site of Mount Smart Stadium.
In the 2014 Treaty of Waitangi settlement with the Tamaki Makaurau Collective of 13 Auckland iwi, the volcano was officially named Rarotonga / Mount Smart and ownership was vested to the collective.[3][4][5][6][7][8]
The name Rarotonga means "the lower south" and was brought from Hawaiki. Mount Smart was named after Henry Dalton Smart, a lieutenant in the mounted police in the 1840s. Te Ipu kura a Maki means "the red bowl of Maki".[1]
References
- ^ a b c Hayward, Bruce W.; Murdoch, Graeme; Maitland, Gordon (2011). Volcanoes of Auckland: The Essential Guide. Auckland University Press. p. 154. ISBN 978-1-86940-479-6.
- ^ City of Volcanoes: A geology of Auckland - Searle, Ernest J.; revised by Mayhill, R.D.; Longman Paul, 1981. First published 1964. ISBN 0-582-71784-1,
- ^ Dearnaley, Mathew (27 September 2014). "Volcanic cones regain Maori names". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
- ^ "Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau Collective Redress Act 2014". New Zealand Legislation. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
- ^ "Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau Collective Redress Act 2014 registration guideline" (PDF). Land Information New Zealand. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
- ^ "NZGB decisions - September 2014". Land Information New Zealand. Archived from the original on 29 October 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
- ^ "Protection of tupuna maunga assured under ownership transfer". Auckland Council. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
- ^ "New governance structure for treasured tūpuna maunga". Auckland Council. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
- Volcanoes of Auckland: A Field Guide. Hayward, B.W.; Auckland University Press, 2019, 335 pp. ISBN 0-582-71784-1.
External links
- Early view of unquarried Rarotonga / Mount Smart Pa, showing Maori terracing (page 11, at top)
- View from Rarotonga / Mount Smart summit in 1923
- Photographs of Mount Smart held in Auckland Libraries' heritage collections.
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