Empress Ma (Jianwen)
| Empress Xiaominrang 孝愍讓皇后 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Empress Consort of Ming China | |||||
| Reign | 1398 – 1402 | ||||
| Predecessor | Empress Xiaocigao | ||||
| Successor | Empress Renxiaowen | ||||
| Born | 1378 Yingtian, Nanjing | ||||
| Died | 1402 (aged 23–24) | ||||
| Spouse | Jianwen Emperor | ||||
| Issue | Zhu Wenkui Zhu Wengui | ||||
| |||||
Empress Ma (1378–1402), formally Empress Xiaominrang (孝愍讓皇后), was the Empress Consort to Jianwen Emperor and the second Empress Consort of China's Ming dynasty.[1]
Family background
Born in 1378, Ma was the daughter of an official from the town of Yingtian in modern Nanjing named Ma Quan (馬全). She married Zhu Yunwen, grandson of the Hongwu Emperor, and was proclaimed Crown Princess (Chinese: 皇太孙妃; pinyin: Huángtài sūn fēi) in 1395.[2]
As Empress
Zhu Yunmen ascended the throne in 1398 and Ma was instated as the Empress Xiaominrang in the second month of his reign.[3] She had two sons, Zhu Wenkui, Crown Prince Hejian and Zhu Wengui, Prince Huai of Run, both posthumously honored.
Death
In 1402, Zhu Di sacked Nanjing and set fire to the palace, where Empress Xiaominrang died.[4]
References
Citations
- ^ "Ma (3) – (c1377 – 1395): Chinese empress consort". Retrieved 11 January 2013.
- ^ Zhang (1739), Historical Biography 1
- ^ Zhang (1739), Historical Biography 1
- ^ Zhang (1739), Historical Biography 1
Sources
- Works cited
- Zhang Tingyu; et al. (1739). 《明史》 [History of Ming] (in Traditional Chinese). Vol. Volume 113: Biographies I (Empresses and Consorts).
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