List of Category 2 South Pacific tropical cyclones

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Category 2 the fourth-highest classification on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale is used to classify tropical cyclones, that have 10-minute sustained winds of 48–63 knots (89–117 km/h; 55–72 mph). As of 2020 71 tropical cyclones have peaked as a category 2 tropical cyclone in the South Pacific tropical cyclone basin, which is denoted as the part of the Pacific Ocean to the south of the equator and to the east of 160°E. This list does not include any tropical cyclones that went on to peak as a Category 3, 4 or 5 severe tropical cyclones, while in the Southern Pacific tropical cyclone basin.

Background

The South Pacific tropical cyclone basin is located to the south of the Equator between 160°E and 120°W.[1] The basin is officially monitored by the Fiji Meteorological Service and the New Zealand MetService, while other meteorological services such as the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Meteo France as well as the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center also monitor the basin.[1] Within the basin a Category 2 tropical cyclone is a tropical cyclone that has 10-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of 48–63 knots (89–117 km/h; 55–72 mph) on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale.[1][2] A named storm could also be classified as a Category 2 tropical cyclone if it is estimated, to have 1-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of between 83–95 knots (154–176 km/h; 96–109 mph) on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale.[1][3] This scale is only officially used in American Samoa, however, various agencies including NASA also use it to compare tropical cyclones.[1] A Category 2 tropical cyclone is expected to cause catastrophic devastation, if it significantly impacts land at or near its peak intensity.[2][3]

Systems

Name Dates as a
Category 2 		Duration Sustained
wind speeds 		Pressure Land areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Dawn February 10 – 19, 1970 1 day 12 hours 65 km/h (40 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) New Caledonia, Northern Queensland $5 Million 6
Rosie December 30, 1970
 – January 4, 1971		 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Zealand Minor None [4]
Tina April 24 – 28, 1974 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Fiji, Tonga Minor None
Elsa January 21 – 26, 1976 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) New Caledonia, Vanuatu None None
Marion January 12 – 21, 1977 100 km/h (65 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Vanuatu Unknown None
Diana February 15 – 22, 1978 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) French Polynesia Unknown None
Fay December 27 – 31, 1978 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Fiji Moderate None
Tia March 22 – 27, 1980
Val March 25 – 29, 1980
Daman
Esau
Fran
Unnamed
Joti October 31 –
November 7, 1982		 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Vanuatu Minor None [5][6][7]
Lisa December 10 – 18, 1982 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Cook Islands Unknown None
Saba
Harvey February 7 - 8, 1984 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) New Caledonia
Monica
Gavin
June
Osea
Patsy
Unnamed
Zuman
Dovi
Eseta December 15 – 28 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia
Fiji, New Zealand
Delilah January 1 – 4 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) New Caledonia, New Zealand
Fili January 1 – 8 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg)
Kerry March 29 – April 4 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Fiji
Hilda March 7 – 9 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Tuvalu, Vanuatu, New Caledonia
Rae March 16 – 25 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Tuvalu, Fiji
Lisa May 11, 1991 18 hours 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu None None [8]
Cliff February 5 – 9, 1992 100 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) French Polynesia [9]
Innis April 27 – May 6, 1992 90 km/h (55 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Tokelau, Tuvalu
Solomon Islands, Vanuatu		 None None [10]
Nisha February 9 – 16, 1993 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Cook Islands None None [11]
Roger March 20 – 27 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Solomon Islands, Australia
New Caledonia
Usha March 22 – April 4 95 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg)
Vania November 12–18 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Vanuatu Minimal None
William December 30 – January 3 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Cook Islands, French Polynesia $2.5 million None
Freda January 26 – February 2 110 km/h (70 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) None None None
Harold February 19 – 24 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Melanesia, Australia, New Zealand $27 million 7
29P February 24 –26 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.70 inHg) None None None
June May 2 – 11 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Fiji $60 million
Lusi October 8 - 12 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Vanuatu, Fiji None None
Nute November 18 – 19 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) None None None
Pam December 6 – 10 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Cook Islands Minor None
Ursula January 29 – February 2 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) French Polynesia Minor None
Veli January 30 – February 3 100 km/h (65 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) French Polynesia Minor None
Wes January 31 – February 5 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Cook Islands, French Polynesia None 10
Olinda January 20 – 23 100 km/h (65 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) None
Pete January 21 – 26 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) None
Leo March 4 – 8 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) French Polynesia Minimal None
Oma February 20 – 22 95 km/h (60 mph) 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) Cook Islands Minor None
Sose April 5 – 11 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Australia
Des March 5 – 7 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) New Caledonia None 0
Fili April 27 – 29 95 km/h (60 mph) 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) Tonga None None
Grace March 21 – 23 95 km/h (60 mph) 0,985 hPa (29.09 inHg)
Urmil January 18 – 25, 2006 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) French Polynesia
Zita January 18 – 25, 2007 100 km/h (65 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) French Polynesia
Arthur January 21 – 27, 2007 100 km/h (65 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Samoan Islands, French Polynesia
Becky March 25 – 29, 2007 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu
New Caledonia
Cliff April 1 – 6, 2007 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Fiji
Elisa January 7 – 11, 2008 95 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg)
Joni March 10 – 14, 2009 95 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Cook Islands
Ken March 16 – 19, 2009 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg)
Jasper March 24 – 30, 2009 100 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) New Caledonia
Lin March 31 – April 7, 2009 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Fiji, Tonga [12]
Mick December 13 – 14, 2009 18 hours 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Fiji [13]
Vania January 13 – 14, 2011 1 day 18 hours 100 km/h (65 mph) 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) Fiji, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Zealand [14]
Zaka February 5 – 7, 2011 18 hours 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) None None None [15]
Cyril February 5 – 8, 2012 18 hours 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Fiji, Tonga [16]
Daphne March 31 – April 3 100 km/h (65 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Vanuatu, Fiji 5
Edna February 5, 2014 12 hours 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) New Caledonia, New Zealand [17]
Kofi March 3, 2014 1 day 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Fiji, Tonga [18]
Niko January 22 – 23, 2015 12 hours 100 km/h (65 mph) 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) French Polynesia [19]
Solo April 9 – 12, 2015 22 hours 100 km/h (65 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Solomon Islands, New Caledonia [20]
Tatiana February 12 – 13, 2016 18 hours 95 km/h (60 mph) 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) None [21]
Ella May 10 – 14, 2017 4 days 110 km/h (70 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Samoan Islands, Tonga, Wallis and Futuna [22]
Mona December 31, 2018 – January 7, 2019 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Solomon Islands, Fiji
Sarai December 27 – December 30, 2019 3 days 6 hours 110 km/h (70 mph) 972 hPa (28.70 inHg) Tuvalu, Fiji, Tonga, Niue, Southern Cook Islands [23][24]
Gretel March 15 – 16 1 day 6 hours 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) New Caledonia, Norfolk Island, New Zealand [25]


Notes

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee (2023). Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South-East Indian Ocean and the Southern Pacific Ocean 2023 (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved October 23, 2023.
  2. ^ a b 2017/2018 Tropical Cyclone Season Summary of Alerts and Warnings Procedures for Fiji (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. October 23, 2017. pp. 3 & 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 25, 2019.
  3. ^ a b Schott, Timothy; Landsea, Christopher; Hafele, Gene; Lorens, Jeffrey; Taylor, Arthur; Thrum, Harvey; Ward, Bill; Willis, Mark; Zaleski, Walt (January 2, 2019). The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
  4. ^ "1970 Tropical Cyclone Rosie (1970364S15165)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  5. ^ "1983 Joti (1982304S10171)". The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS). Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  6. ^ Browne, M.L. (November 24, 1982). Tropical Cyclone Joti Preliminary Report (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service.
  7. ^ Smales, Angus, ed. (December 1, 1982). "Cyclone Jodie visits Vanuatu". Pacific Islands Monthly. 53 (12). Pacific Publications.
  8. ^ "1991 Tropical Cyclone Lisa (1991124S08154)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  9. ^ "1992 Tropical Cyclone Cliff (1992036S11212)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  10. ^ "1992 Tropical Cyclone Innis (1992118S11179)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  11. ^ "1993 Tropical Cyclone Nisha (1993043S11193)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  12. ^ "2009 Tropical Cyclone Mick (2009346S10172)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  13. ^ "2009 Tropical Cyclone Mick (2009346S10172)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  14. ^ "2011 Tropical Cyclone Vania (2011010S17169)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  15. ^ "2011 Tropical Cyclone Zaka (2011034S19199)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  16. ^ "2012 Tropical Cyclone Cyril (2012037S17176)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  17. ^ "2014 Tropical Cyclone Edna (2014032S18152)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  18. ^ "2014 Tropical Cyclone Kofi (2014056S18175)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  19. ^ "2015 Tropical Cyclone Niko (2015020S12208)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  20. ^ "2015 Tropical Cyclone Solo (2015099S13163)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  21. ^ "2016 Tropical Cyclone Tatiana (2016040S16155)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  22. ^ "2016 Tropical Cyclone Ella (2017127S18184)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  23. ^ Tropical Disturbance Advisory A10 December 27, 2019 06z (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. December 27, 2019.
  24. ^ Tropical Disturbance Advisory A23 December 30, 2019 12z (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. December 30, 2019.
  25. ^ http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/Gretel.shtml

External links

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