Liverpool was a borough constituency in the county of Lancashire of the House of Commons for the Parliament of England to 1706 then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885. It was represented by two Members of Parliament (MPs). In 1868, this was increased to three Members of Parliament.
The borough franchise was held by the freemen of the borough. Each elector had as many votes as there were seats to be filled. Votes had to be cast by a spoken declaration, in public, at the hustings . In 1800 there were around 3000 electors, with elections in this seat being nearly always contested.
The borough returned several notable Members of Parliament including Prime Minister George Canning , William Huskisson , President of the Board of Trade , Banastre Tarleton , noted soldier in the American War of Independence and most notably, William Roscoe the abolitionist and Anti Slave Trade campaigner.
The constituency was abolished in 1885, the city being split into nine divisions of Abercromby , East Toxteth , Everton , Exchange , Kirkdale , Scotland , Walton , West Derby and West Toxteth .
History The borough of Liverpool exercised the privilege of sending two members to Parliament in 1295 and 1307, but then for 240 years the right was wholly suspended. In the first Parliament of Edward VI, which met 4 November 1547, though Elective Franchise was restored to the two Lancashire boroughs of Liverpool and Wigan and has since continued almost without further interruption.
Representation was increased to three Members in 1868 and the constituency abolished in 1885, to be replaced by the nine new constituencies of Abercromby, East Toxteth, Everton, Exchange, Kirkdale, Scotland, Walton, West Derby and West Toxteth.
Members of Parliament 1295–1640 1640–1868 1868–1885 Constituency increased to three Members (1868 )Elections Pre-1832 Huskisson's death caused a by-election.
The by-election was declared void but no new writ was issued before dissolution Denison was also elected for Nottinghamshire and chose to sit there, causing a by-election.
1832–1868 Cresswell resigned after being appointed a judge of the Court of Common Pleas , causing a by-election.
Election declared void on petition, due to bribery and treating by Mackenzie and Turner, causing a by-election.[24]
Liddell succeeded to the peerage, becoming 2nd Baron Ravensworth and causing a by-election.
1868–1885 Seat increased to three members
Graves' death caused a by-election.
Ryder was appointed Vice-President of the Committee of the Council on Education , requiring a by-election.
Torr's death caused a by-election.
Ramsay succeeded to the peerage, becoming Earl of Dalhousie, causing a by-election.
Ryder succeeded to the peerage, becoming Earl of Harrowby, causing a by-election.
Notes and references Notes
^ Wynn died in July 1649, and a by-election was held to replace him.
^ Knighted 1708.
^ Changed his surname to Salusbury on inheriting an estate from his father-in-law in 1734.
^ Created a baronet, March 1759.
^ The future Prime Minister (in 1827), the Right Hon. George Canning was also returned in 1812 for the Irish borough of Sligo . He elected to sit for Liverpool.
^ Denison was also elected for Nottinghamshire , which he chose to represent, and never sat for Liverpool.
References
^ "Gerard, Sir Gilbert (d.1593), of Ince, Lancs. and Gerrard's Bromley, Staffs." . History of Parliament . Retrieved 22 October 2013 .^ a b c d e f g "Constituencies: Liverpool (1509–1558)" . History of Parliament . Retrieved 22 October 2013 .^ a b c d e f g h i j "Constituencies: Liverpool (1558–1603)" . History of Parliament . Retrieved 25 September 2011 .^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Stooks Smith, Henry. (1973) [1844-1850]. Craig, F. W. S. (ed.). The Parliaments of England 180–184 . ISBN 0-900178-13-2 ^ Dod, Charles Roger ; Dod, Robert Phipps (1847). Dod's Parliamentary Companion, Volume 15 Dod's Parliamentary Companion . p. 164 . Retrieved 1 September 2018 – via Internet Archive .^ Boase, George Clement (1889). "Ewart, William" Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography ^ Farrell, S. M. (9 January 2014) [2004]. "Ewart, William (1798–1869)" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/9011 ^ "Leeds Intelligencer" . Retrieved 1 September 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive .^ "Dumfries Burghs" Northern Star and Leeds General Advertiser . 10 July 1841. p. 7. Retrieved 1 September 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive .^ Smith, Goldwin (1887). "Cardwell, Edward (1813-1886)" Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography ^ "Cardwell, Viscount (UK, 1874 - 1886)" . Cracroft's Peerage . Heraldic Media Limited. 7 March 2012. Retrieved 19 May 2018 .^ Collins, Neil (2017). Politics and Elections in Nineteenth-Century Liverpool ISBN 978-1-85928-076-8 . Retrieved 19 May 2018 . ^ Neal, Frank (1988). "Heightened Religious Tension" . Sectarian Violence: The Liverpool Experience 1819-1914 154 . ISBN 0-7190-1483-2 . Retrieved 19 May 2018 . ^ "Edward Cardwell" . Oxford Reference . Oxford University Press.^ a b "Liverpool" Dublin Weekly Nation . 31 July 1847. p. 12. Retrieved 19 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive .^ a b "Electioneering News" Belfast News-Letter . 3 August 1847. p. 4. Retrieved 19 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive .^ "The Dissolution" Derbyshire Advertiser and Journal . 23 July 1847. p. 3. Retrieved 19 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive .^ "Liverpool Election" Newry Examiner and Louth Advertiser . 31 March 1855. p. 3. Retrieved 19 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive .^ "Bell's Weekly Messenger" . Retrieved 19 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive .^ a b c d Escott, Margaret. "Liverpool" . The History of Parliament . Retrieved 16 April 2020 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Craig, F. W. S. , ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. pp. 191–192. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3 ^ The Christian Reform; Or, Unitarian Magazine and Review: New Series, Vol. XVIII 361 –384. Retrieved 23 July 2018 – via Internet Archive .^ Turner, Michael J. (2014). Liberty and Liberticide: The Role in Nineteenth-Century British Radicalism ISBN 978-0-7391-7817-1 . Retrieved 23 July 2018 – via Google Books . ^ "Local and Provincial" Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser . 30 July 1853. p. 9. Retrieved 19 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive .^ Atkinson, Diane (2012). The Criminal Conversation of Mrs Norton ISBN 9780099556480 . Retrieved 6 May 2018 . ^ Stubbings, Matthew (October 2016). "British Conservatism and the Indian Revolt: The Annexation of Awadh and the Consequences of Liberal Empire, 1856–1858". Journal of British Studies . 55 (4): 728–749. doi :10.1017/jbr.2016.73 . ^ "Liverpool Election" The Evening Freeman . 11 July 1853. p. 2. Retrieved 19 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive .^ "Obituary". The Times
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D. Brunton & D. H. Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808) [2] F. W. S. Craig , British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885 (2nd edition, Aldershot: Parliamentary Research Services, 1989)J. E. Neale, The Elizabethan House of Commons (London: Jonathan Cape, 1949)
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