Cynipini
Appearance
Cynipini | |
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Cynips sp. | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Hymenoptera |
Family: | Cynipidae |
Subfamily: | Cynipinae |
Tribe: | Cynipini Leach, 1815 |
Cynipini is a tribe of gall wasps. These insects induce galls in plants of the beech and oak family, Fagaceae.[1] They are known commonly as the oak gall wasps.[2]
It is the largest cynipid tribe, with about 936[3] to 1000[2] recognized species, most of which are associated with oaks.[2] The tribe is mainly native to the Holarctic.[3]
Most of these wasps undergo cyclical parthenogenesis, sometimes reproducing sexually, and sometimes producing young without fertilization.[2]
Genera
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Andricus_cf._kollari_20090813_1.jpg/220px-Andricus_cf._kollari_20090813_1.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Callirhytis_quercuspunctata_gall.jpg/220px-Callirhytis_quercuspunctata_gall.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Amphibolips_quercusinanis_gall.jpg/220px-Amphibolips_quercusinanis_gall.jpg)
- Acraspis
- Amphibolips
- Andricus
- Aphelonyx
- Atrusca
- Barucynips[3]
- Bassettia Ashmead, 1887[4]
- Belonocnema
- Biorhiza
- Callirhytis
- Cerroneuroterus
- Chilaspis
- Coffeikokkos[5]
- Cyclocynips[2]
- Cycloneuroterus
- Cynips
- Disholcaspis
- Dryocosmus
- Eumayria
- Eumayriella
- Heteroecus
- Holocynips
- Kinseyella
- Latuspina
- Loxaulus
- Melikaiella
- Neuroterus
- Odontocynips
- Philonix
- Phylloteras
- Plagiotrochus
- Protobalandricus
- Pseudoneuroterus
- Trichagalma
- Trigonaspis
- Zapatella
- Zopheroteras
References
- ^ Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., et al. (2009). Revision and phylogenetics of the genus Paraulax Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) with biological notes and description of a new tribe, a new genus, and five new species. Zootaxa 2200 1-40.
- ^ a b c d e Melika, G., et al. (2013). A new genus of oak gallwasp, Cyclocynips Melika, Tang & Sinclair (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), with descriptions of two new species from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3630(3), 534-48.
- ^ a b c Medianero, E. and J. L. Nieves-Aldrey. (2013). Barucynips panamensis, a new genus and species of oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) from Panama, and description of one new species of Coffeikokkos. ZooKeys (277), 25-46.
- ^ Melika, G.; Abrahamson, W. G. (2007). "Review of the nearctic gallwasp species of the genus Bassettia Ashmead, 1887, with description of new species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini)" (PDF). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 53 (2): 131–148.
- ^ Pujade-Villar, J., et al. (2012). A new genus of oak gallwasp, Coffeikokkos Pujade-Villar & Melika, gen. n., with a description of a new species from Costa Rica (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). Zookeys (168), 19–29.
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