Cyrtandra (plant)
| Cyrtandra | |
|---|---|
| |
| An unidentified species | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Gesneriaceae |
| Subfamily: | Didymocarpoideae |
| Genus: | Cyrtandra J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. |
| Species | |
|
600+, see text | |
Cyrtandra (New Latin, from Greek κυρτός, kyrtós, "curved", and ἀνήρ, anḗr, "male", in reference to their prominently curved stamens)[1] is a genus of flowering plants containing about 600 species,[2] with more being discovered often,[3] and is thus the largest genus in the family Gesneriaceae.[4] These plants are native to Southeast Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands, with the centre of diversity in Southeast Asia and the Malesian region.[4] The genus is common, but many species within it are very rare, localized, endangered endemic plants.[3] The species can be difficult to identify because they are highly polymorphic and because they readily hybridize with each other.[2] The plants may be small herbs, vines, shrubs, epiphytes, or trees. The genus is characterized in part by having two stamens, and most species have white flowers, with a few red-, orange-, yellow- and pink-flowered species known. Almost all species live in rainforest habitats.[3]
It is an example of a supertramp genus.[3]
Hawaiian Cyrtandra are known as ha‘iwale.[2]
Species include:
- Cyrtandra aurantiicarpa
- Cyrtandra biserrata – Molokai cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra calyptribracteata
- Cyrtandra cleopatrae
- Cyrtandra confertiflora – lava cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra cordifolia[5] – the Latin name means cyrtandra with heart-shaped leaves
- Cyrtandra crenata – Kahana Valley cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra cyaneoides – mapele
- Cyrtandra dentata – mountain cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra elatostemoides
- Cyrtandra elegans
- Cyrtandra ferripilosa – red-hair cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra filipes – gulch cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra garnotiana – hahala
- Cyrtandra giffardii – forest cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra gracilis – Palolo Valley cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra grandiflora – largeflower cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra grayana – Pacific cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra grayi – Gray's cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra halawensis – toothleaf cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra hashimotoi – Maui cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra hawaiensis – Hawaii cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra hematos – singleflower cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra hirtigera
- Cyrtandra hypochrysoides
- Cyrtandra kalihii – Koolau Range cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra kamooloaensis – Kamo'oloa cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra kauaiensis – ulunahele
- Cyrtandra kealiae
- Cyrtandra kealiae ssp. kealiae (syn. C. limahuliensis)[6]
- Cyrtandra kealiae ssp. urceolata
- Cyrtandra kohalae – Kohala Mountain cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra laxiflora – Oahu cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra lessoniana – Lesson's cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra macraei – upland cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra menziesii – ha'i wale
- Cyrtandra munroi – Lanaihale cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra nitens
- Cyrtandra oenobarba – shaggystem cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra olona – Kauai cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra oxybapha – Pohakea Gulch cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra paliku – cliffside cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra paludosa – kanaweo ke'oke'o
- Cyrtandra platyphylla – 'ilihia
- Cyrtandra polyantha – Niu Valley cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra pruinosa – frosted cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra pulgarensis
- Cyrtandra samoensis
- Cyrtandra sessilis – windyridge cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra subumbellata – parasol cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra tahuatensis
- Cyrtandra tintinnabula – Laupahoehoe cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra umbellifera
- Cyrtandra viridiflora – greenleaf cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra waiolani – fuzzyflower cyrtandra
- Cyrtandra wawrae – rockface cyrtandra
References
- ^ Weber, Anton; et al. (2007), "Cyrtandra", The Genera of Gesneriaceae (2nd ed.), Vienna
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link). - ^ a b c Clermontia and Cyrtandra. DNA Barcoding Endemic Hawaiian Species Project. University of Hawaii, Hilo.
- ^ a b c d Quentin C. B. Cronk; Michael Kiehn; Warren L. Wagner; James F. Smith (2005). "Evolution of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in the Pacific Ocean: the origin of a supertramp clade". American Journal of Botany. 92 (6): 1017–1024. doi:10.3732/ajb.92.6.1017. JSTOR 4126079. PMID 21652486.
- ^ a b David H. Lorence; Steven Perlman (2007). "A new species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) from Hawai'i, Hawaiian Islands". Novon. 17 (3): 357–361. doi:10.3417/1055-3177(2007)17[357:ANSOCG]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 20406191.
- ^ Cyrtandra cordifolia Archived 2012-11-06 at the Wayback Machine at the Oahu board of water supply.
- ^ Warren L. Wagner; David H. Lorence (2000). "A reassessment of Cyrtandra kealiae and C. limahuliensis (Gesneriaceae)". Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 63: 17–20. hdl:10088/7612.
Further reading
- H. Atkins; Q. C. B. Cronk (2001). "The genus Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in Palawan, Philippines". Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 58 (3): 443–458. doi:10.1017/S0960428601000762.