Butea

Butea
	Butea monosperma flowers in India
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Faboideae
Tribe:	Phaseoleae
Genus:	Butea; Roxb. ex Willd.
Type species
	Butea monosperma; (Lamarck) Kuntze
Species
	See text
Synonyms
	Plaso Adans.;

Butea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the pea family, Fabaceae. It is sometimes considered to have only two species, B. monosperma and B. superba,^[1] or is expanded to include four or five species.^[2]

Butea monosperma is used for timber, resin, fodder, medicine, and dye.

Butea^{[clarification needed]} is also a host to the lac insect, which produces natural lacquer.^[3]

Taxonomy

Butea is named after John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute (1713-1792), member of parliament, prime minister for one year, and a patron of botany.^[4] William Roxburgh erected the genus Butea in 1795, but it became a nomen invalidum. Carl Willdenow validated the name Butea in 1802.

Uses

Butea monosperma, called kiṃśukha in Sanskrit, is used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat various symptoms.^[5]

Species

Forty-two names have been published in Butea,^[6] but forty of these are either synonyms or names of species that have been transferred to other genera.^[3]

B. braamiana
B. buteiformis (Megalotropis buteiformis, Meizotropis buteiformis)
B. monosperma (syn. Butea frondosa, Erythrina monosperma): flame-of-the-forest, bastard teak, pâlāsh
B. superba (Plaso superba, Rudolphia superba)

References

^ Gwilym Lewis, Brian Schrire, Barbara MacKinder, and Mike Lock. 2005. Legumes of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Richmond, England.
^ Dezhao Chen; Dianxiang Zhang; Mats Thulin. "Butea". Flora of China Online. Retrieved 11 October 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |last-author-amp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
^ ^a ^b Munivenkatappa Sanjappa. 1987. "Revision of the genera Butea Roxb. ex Willd. and Meizotropis Voigt (Fabaceae)". Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 29:199-225.
^ Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume I. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington, DC; USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2
^ Soman, I.; Mengi, S. A.; Kasture, S. B. (September 2004). "Effect of leaves of Butea frondosa on stress, anxiety, and cognition in rats". Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 79 (1): 11–16. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2004.05.022. ISSN 0091-3057. PMID 15388278.
^ Butea in International Plant Names Index. (see External links below).

External links

Data related to Butea at Wikispecies
Media related to Butea at Wikimedia Commons
Butea At: IPNI
Erythrina monosperma In: Encyclopédie Méthodique. Botanique

This Phaseoleae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[legumes2005-1] Gwilym Lewis, Brian Schrire, Barbara MacKinder, and Mike Lock. 2005. Legumes of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Richmond, England.

[2] Dezhao Chen; Dianxiang Zhang; Mats Thulin. "Butea". Flora of China Online. Retrieved 11 October 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |last-author-amp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)

[sanjappa1987-3] Munivenkatappa Sanjappa. 1987. "Revision of the genera Butea Roxb. ex Willd. and Meizotropis Voigt (Fabaceae)". Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 29:199-225.

[quattrocchiI-4] Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume I. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington, DC; USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2

[5] Soman, I.; Mengi, S. A.; Kasture, S. B. (September 2004). "Effect of leaves of Butea frondosa on stress, anxiety, and cognition in rats". Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 79 (1): 11–16. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2004.05.022. ISSN 0091-3057. PMID 15388278.

[ipnibutea-6] Butea in International Plant Names Index. (see External links below).

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