Rexall
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Company type | Private |
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Industry | Pharmaceuticals |
Founded | Boston, Massachusetts (1903) |
Headquarters | |
Website | rexall.com |
Rexall was a chain of American drugstores, and currently is the name of their store-branded products. The stores, having roots in the federation of United Drug Stores starting in 1903, licensed the Rexall brand name to as many as 12,000 drug stores across the United States from 1920 to 1977. (The "Rex" in the name was derived from the name of Ellen M. Regis, who developed "Rexall remedies" and from whom the company purchased the mark.)[1]
Since 1985, Rexall has also been a chain of drugstores and their store brand in Canada. Rexall Pharmacy Group is owned by the US-based McKesson Corporation, which purchased it in 2016. Rexall is also a store brand of variety store chain Dollar General. The Canadian Rexall brand is not related to the US operations. However, until about 1977, the US chain had Rexall drug-stores in Canada.
Founding
In 1903, Louis K. Liggett persuaded 40 independent drug stores to invest $4,000 in a retailers' cooperative called United Drug Stores, which sold products under the Rexall name. After World War I, the cooperative established a franchise arrangement whereby independently owned retail outlets adopted the Rexall trade name and sold Rexall products. The company was based in Boston,[2] in an area now occupied by Northeastern University.
Rexall Train
The Rexall Train of March to November 1936 toured the United States and Canada to promote Rexall drug store products, and to provide the equivalent of a national convention for local Rexall druggists without the cost of travel. Free tickets for locals to see displays of Rexall products were available at local Rexall drug stores. The 29,000 mile tour visited 47 of the 48 contiguous states (omitting Nevada) and parts of Canada. The blue-and-white train of 12 air-conditioned Pullman cars with displays in 4 cars, convention facilities in 4 cars and a dining car was hauled by a streamlined 4-8-2 Mohawk locomotive, No. 2783 from the New York Central Railroad. It was the million-dollar brainchild of Louis Liggett, who travelled in the rear observation car.
Growth
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/RexallIowa.jpg/220px-RexallIowa.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Rexall_Drug_120_Film.jpg/220px-Rexall_Drug_120_Film.jpg)
Justin Whitlock Dart, formerly of the Walgreens drugstore chain, took control of Boston-based United Drug Company in 1943. The chain operated under the Liggett, Owl, Sonta, and Rexall brands, which Dart rebranded under the Rexall name.
Rexall gained national exposure through its sponsorship of two famous classic American radio programs of the 1940s and 1950s: Amos and Andy and The Phil Harris-Alice Faye Show. Both shows were often opened by an advertisement from an actor (Griff Barnett) portraying "your Rexall family druggist", and included the catch phrase "Good health to all from Rexall." They also sponsored the Jimmy Durante Show and references are made by the character Mr. Peavey in some of The Great Gildersleeve radio shows. Rexall also sponsored Richard Diamond, Private Detective starring Dick Powell from April 1950 until Camel replaced Rexall as the sponsor after the December 6, 1950, broadcast.[citation needed]
In 1946, United-Rexall Drug Inc. purchased the Renfro chain in Texas, and Lane Drug Stores which had 58 stores throughout the Southeast.[citation needed] It also launched the Owl Superstores chain. In 1947, the company held a gala opening for their new headquarters and first store in Los Angeles, California. The new Hollywood Owl was reported in Life as 'the World's Biggest Drugstore'.[3] In 1958, the Rexall Drug Company was the largest U.S. drug store franchise, with 11,158 stores (for comparison, fewer than 12,000 McDonald's restaurants are in the U.S. today). Time noted that two-thirds of its stores were in areas where one-third of the population lived. However, this comprised more than 20% of all drug stores in the United States.[citation needed]
Also in 1958, Rexall employee Joe Coulombe was asked to test the launch of Pronto Markets, a store brand to compete against 7-Eleven. After running six Pronto Markets in the Los Angeles area, Rexall asked Coulombe to close them down. Coulombe decided to buy them out instead, and eventually renamed the chain "Trader Joe's".[4][dead link]
Dart sold his stake in Rexall in 1978. Dart had acquired stakes in West Bend, Duracell, Hobart Corporation, Tupperware, Ralph Wilson Plastics, and Archer Glass, which were collectively known as Dart Industries.
Decline
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Union_Rexall_Nightfall.jpg/220px-Union_Rexall_Nightfall.jpg)
By the late 1950s, Rexall's business model of unitary franchised stores, with each store owned independently by the local pharmacist, was already coming under attack by the discount chains, such as Thrifty Drug and Eckerd. These well-financed corporate entities were able to reduce costs with block purchasing, and were focused on growth. By 1977, the value of the Rexall business had deteriorated to the point that it was sold to private investors for $16 million. The investors divested the company-owned stores, though existing franchise retailers were able to keep the Rexall name. These tended to be weaker stores, and few kept the name as time progressed. The company continued to distribute vitamins, health foods, and plastic items. Across the US, some franchise retailers are still using the Rexall name.[5]
Rexall-Sundown
Sundown, a maker of sunscreens, acquired the Rexall trademark in 1985, in a hostile takeover, and continued to produce nutritional supplements and remedies under the new name Rexall-Sundown, with no relationship to the remaining chain of Rexall drugstores, nor to the Canadian maker of medicines and sundries. Numico acquired Rexall Sundown in 2000. Numico split up the Rexall divisions and divested them in 2003, selling the name Rexall-Sundown to NBTY, a US vitamin company, and the Unicity Network division was to be sold to Activated Holdings,[6] a privately held company. The deal fell through, and Unicity Network was sold to its management.
Dollar General and Rexall
In March 2010, Dollar General licensed the Rexall name from healthcare giant McKesson Corporation,[7] and announced that it would be the exclusive retailer for Rexall-branded products.[8] Rexall products are in several of the retailer's categories, including over-the-counter medication, dental care, vitamins and supplements, foot care, and first aid.
See also
- Dockum Drug Store sit-in
- Trader Joe's, originated as a spin-off concept owned by Rexall
References
- ^ "United Drug Co. v. Theodore Rectanus Co". 248 U.S. 90.
- ^ Drug Trade Weekly: A Commercial Publication for Druggists. D.O. Haynes. 1921.
- ^ Life 13 October 1947 p.59-60
- ^ Kowitt, Beth (August 23, 2010). "Inside the secret world of Trader Joe's". Fortune Magazine. Cable News Network. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
- ^ STATIONS OF THE STATEN ISLAND RAILWAY PT. 1
- ^ Ransom, Lou. "GNC drops ephedra, signals recovery". Pittsburgh Tribune. Retrieved 28 October 2011.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "5 Fascinating Facts About Dollar General Investors Should Know". Asit Sharma, The Motley Fool, December 27, 2017. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Dollar General to carry Rexall health care brand". Chain Drug Review, March 25, 2010. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
Further reading
- The Rexall Story: A History of Genius and Neglect by Mickey C. Smith ISBN 0-7890-2472-1
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- rexall.com
- The Rexall Train; article, photos and map at ThemeTrains.com
- 1958 Time magazine article
- 1946 Time magazine article
- 1949 Time magazine article
- The Rexall Tradition
- Meditrust Pharmacy
- The United Drug Company records, n.d. are located in the Northeastern University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections Department, Boston, MA.
- The Rexall Train at Fez City, Toronto (article and photo)
- Business services companies established in 1903
- Retail companies established in 1903
- Defunct pharmacies of the United States
- Franchises
- Retailers' cooperatives in the United States
- Companies based in Boston
- Defunct companies based in Massachusetts
- Former components of the Dow Jones Industrial Average
- Health care companies based in Massachusetts
- Dollar General