Calliandra surinamensis

Calliandra surinamensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Genus:	Calliandra
Species:	C. surinamensis
Binomial name
	Calliandra surinamensis; Benth.
Synonyms
	Acacia fasciculata (Willd.) Poir.; Anneslia fasciculata (Willd.) Kleinhoonte; Calliandra angustidens Britton & Killip; Calliandra tenuiflora Benth.; Feuilleea fasciculata Kuntze; Inga fasciculata Willd.;

Calliandra surinamensis is a low branching evergreen tropical shrub that is named after Suriname, a country in Northern South America. The plant usually has complexly branched multiple trunks and grows to a height of about 5 metres, although many sources suggest that it only attains a height of 3 metres. Left unpruned it grows long thin branches that eventually droop down onto the ground. The leaves close and droop from dusk until morning when they once again reopen. Calliandra surinamensis is said to contain lectins which are toxic to cancer cells, although more research is needed. Calliandra surinamensis contains three important compounds: myrectin which contains antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, lupeol which contains anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, and ferulic acid which contains antimicrobial properties.

Description

Leaves

The leaves are bipinnate. Each pair of leaflets, or pinnae, are in turn divided into about six pairs of leaflets, pinnules.

Flowers

The flowers present as globose heads with small green petals and calyx with up to a 100 stamens more or less united into a tube. The stamens are long, hairlike, colourful and protrude well beyond the petals. C. surinamensis flowers all year round with definite more prolific periods. The flowers are short lived and sticky and combined with their quantity give this plant a reputation for making a mess especially on vehicles parked under it.

Stamens

The numerous colourful stamens are white towards the base and pink towards the top. It is the stamens & anthers that give the flower the appearance of a pink powder puff.

Fruit

The fruit is a 4 centimetres (1.5 in) long pod´

Ecology

The shrub's year round nectar and pollen attracts wildlife such as lorikeets and fruit bats.

Common Names

Pink Powder Puff, Pompon De Marin, Surinam Powderpuff, Surinamese Stickpea

References

^[2]

^ The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species, retrieved 19 June 2016
^ Procópio, Thamara Figueiredo, et al. “Calliandra Surinamensis Lectin (CasuL) Does Not Impair the Functionality of Mice Splenocytes, Promoting Cell Signaling and Cytokine Production.” Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, vol. 107, Nov. 2018, pp. 650–655.

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[1] The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species, retrieved 19 June 2016

[2] Procópio, Thamara Figueiredo, et al. “Calliandra Surinamensis Lectin (CasuL) Does Not Impair the Functionality of Mice Splenocytes, Promoting Cell Signaling and Cytokine Production.” Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, vol. 107, Nov. 2018, pp. 650–655.

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