1881 Swiss federal election

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The 49 electoral districts

Federal elections were held in Switzerland on 30 October 1881. The Radical Left remained the largest group in the National Council, regaining the majority they had lost in 1863.[1]

Electoral system

The 145 members of the National Council were elected in 49 single- and multi-member constituencies using a three-round system. Candidates had to receive a majority in the first or second round to be elected; if it went to a third round, only a plurality was required. Voters could cast as many votes as there were seats in their constituency.[2] There was one seat for every 20,000 citizens, with seats allocated to cantons in proportion to their population.[2]

The elections were held under the new Federal law concerning the elections of National Council members passed on 3 May 1881. The number of seats was increased from 135 to 145 following the 1880 census, and the number of constituencies from 48 to 49; Bern and Zürich both gained two seats, whilst Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Basel-Stadt, Geneva, Schwyz, Ticino and Vaud all gained one.

Results

National Council

Summary

Voter turnout was highest in Schaffhausen (where voting was compulsory) at 95.2% and lowest in Schwyz at 28.3%.

Party Votes % Seats +/–
bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 39.8 75 +18
bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 24.6 35 –2
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 20.4 22 –4
Democratic Group 7.7 10 0
bgcolor="Template:Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Evangelical Right 6.1 3 –2
bgcolor="Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color" | Independents 1.4 0 0
Total 395,400 100 145 +10
Registered voters/turnout 637,224 62.1 – –
Source: BFS (seats)

By constituency

Constituency Seats Party Seats
won 		Elected members
Zürich 1 5 bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 5
  • Wilhelm Hertenstein
  • Melchior Römer
  • Alfred Escher
  • Johannes Ryf
  • Johann Kaspar Baumann
Zürich 2 4 bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 3
  • Heinrich Landis
  • Jakob Brennwald
  • Johann Heinrich Bühler
Democratic Group 1 Johann Jakob Keller
Zürich 3 4 Democratic Group 4
  • Johannes Stössel
  • Friedrich Salomon Vögelin
  • Salomon Bleuler
  • Ludwig Forrer
Zürich 4 3 Democratic Group 3
  • Johannes Moser
  • Friedrich Scheuchzer
  • Johann Jakob Sulzer
Bern 5 5 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 5
  • Friedrich Seiler
  • Carl Samuel Zyro
  • Johann Zürcher
  • Jakob Scherz
  • Johannes Ritschard
Bern 6 5 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 3
  • Johann Jakob Hauser
  • Rudolf Brunner
  • Rudolf Rohr
bgcolor="Template:Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Evangelical Right 1 Otto von Büren
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1 Jules Schnyder
Bern 7 4 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 4
  • Karl Schenk
  • Gottlieb Riem
  • Karl Karrer
  • Gottlieb Berger
Bern 8 4 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 4
  • Johann Friedrich Gugelmann
  • Johann Bützberger
  • Andreas Schmid
  • Rudolf Leuenberger
Bern 9 4 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 4
  • Johannes Schlup
  • Charles Kuhn
  • Rudolf Niggeler
  • Bendicht Tschannen
Bern 10 5 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 5
  • Niklaus Kaiser
  • Ernest Francillon
  • Joseph Stockmar
  • Auguste-Adolphe Klaye
  • Henri Cuenat
Lucerne 11 2 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 2
  • Josef Vonmatt
  • Friedrich Wüest
Lucerne 12 1 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 1 Josef Zemp
Lucerne 13 2 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 2
  • Josef Erni
  • Candid Hochstrasser
Lucerne 14 2 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 2
  • Philipp Anton von Segesser
  • Franz Xaver Beck
Uri 15 1 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 1 Josef Arnold
Schwyz 16 3 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 3
  • Ambros Eberle
  • Fridolin Holdener
  • Vital Schwander Sr.
Obwalden 17 1 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 1 Nicolaus Hermann
Nidwalden 18 1 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 1 Robert Durrer
Glarus 19 2 bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1 Esajas Zweifel
bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 1 Niklaus Tschudi
Zug 20 1 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 1 Niklaus Moos
Fribourg 21 2 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 2
  • Eduard Huber
  • Louis-Auguste Marmier
Fribourg 22 2 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 2
  • Laurent Chaney
  • Louis de Wuilleret
Fribourg 23 2 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 2
  • Louis Grand
  • Joseph Jaquet
Solothurn 24 4 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 3
  • Oskar Munzinger
  • Simon Kaiser
  • Albert Brosi
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1 Bernhard Hammer
Basel-Stadt 25 3 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 2
  • Karl Burckhardt-Iselin
  • Wilhelm Klein
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1 Johann Rudolf Geigy-Merian
Basel-Landschaft 26 3 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 3
  • Jakob Bernhard Graf
  • Emil Frey
  • Gédéon Thommen
Schaffhausen 27 2 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 2
  • Wilhelm Joos
  • Robert Grieshaber
Appenzell Ausserrhoden 28 3 bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1
  • Daniel Hofstetter
  • Johann Ulrich Schiess
bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 1 Johann Conrad Sonderegger
Appenzell Innerhoden 29 1 bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1 Karl Justin Sonderegger
St. Gallen 30 4 bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 2
  • Thomas Thoma
  • Arnold Otto Aepli
bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 1 Johann Gebhard Lutz
bgcolor="Template:Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Evangelical Right 1 Carl von Gonzenbach
St. Gallen 31 3 bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1 Rudolf Hilty
bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 1 Wilhelm Good
Democratic Group 1 Carl Theodor Curti
St. Gallen 32 3 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 2
  • Johann Fridolin Müller
  • Johann Joseph Keel
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1 Johann Rudolf Moser
Grisons 33 2 bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1 Simeon Bavier
bgcolor="Template:Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Evangelical Right 1 Hermann J. von Sprecher
Grisons 34 2 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 2
  • Caspar Decurtins
  • Johann Schmid
Grisons 35 1 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 1 Andrea Bezzola
Aargau 36 3 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 3
  • Arnold Künzli
  • Ludwig Karrer
  • Erwin Kurz
Aargau 37 4 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 2
  • Hans Riniker
  • Robert Straub
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 2
  • Johann Rohr
  • Anton Bruggisser
Aargau 38 3 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 2
  • Emil Albert Baldinger
  • Karl von Schmid
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1 Emil Welti
Thurgau 39 5 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 3
  • Johann Philipp Heitz
  • Friedrich Heinrich Häberlin
  • Gustav Merkle
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1 Jakob Huldreich Bachmann
Democratic Group 1 Adolf Deucher
Ticino 40 2 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 2
  • Carlo Battaglini
  • Costantino Bernasconi
Ticino 41 5 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 5
  • Martino Pedrazzini
  • Carlo Vonmentlen
  • Ignazio Polar
  • Giovanni Dazzoni
  • Agostino Gatti
Vaud 42 5 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 5
  • Louis Ruchonnet
  • Jules Brun
  • Louis Mayor
  • David Joly
  • Antoine Vessaz
Vaud 43 4 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 4
  • Paul Wulliémoz
  • Georges-Louis Contesse
  • Adolphe Jordan
  • Frédéric Criblet
Vaud 44 3 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 3
  • Henri Oguey
  • Charles Baud
  • Jules Colomb
Valais 45 2 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 2
  • Victor de Chastonay
  • Hans Anton von Roten
Valais 46 1 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 1 Maurice Evéquoz
Valais 47 2 bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 2
  • Charles de Werra
  • Fidèle Joris
Neuchâtel 48 5 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 5
  • Numa Droz
  • Jules Philippin
  • Auguste Albert Leuba
  • Charles-Émile Tissot
  • Henri Morel
Geneva 49 4 bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 4
  • Antoine Carteret
  • Georges Favon
  • Pierre Moriaud
  • Moïse Vautier
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 1 Arthur Chenevière
Source: Gruner[3]

Council of States

Party Seats +/–
bgcolor="Template:Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Catholic Right 18 +1
bgcolor="Template:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Radical Left 17 +6
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Liberal Centre 4 –7
Democratic Left 3 +1
bgcolor="Template:Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland/meta/color" | Evangelical Right 1 +1
bgcolor="Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color" | Independents 1 –1
Total 44 0
Source: The Federal Assembly

References

  1. ^ Elections to the National Council 1848–1917: Distribution of seats by party or political orientation Archived 2015-09-23 at the Wayback Machine BFS
  2. ^ a b Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1886 ISBN 9783832956097
  3. ^ Gruner, Erich. Die Wahlen in den Schweizerischen Nationalrat 1848–1919. Vol. 3.
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