1993 Tour de France
Race details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dates | 3–25 July | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stages | 20 + Prologue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distance | 3,714 km (2,308 mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Winning time | 95h 57' 09" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Results | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1993 Tour de France was the 80th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 3 to 25 July. It consisted of 20 stages, over a distance of 3,714 km (2,308 mi).
The winner of the previous two years, Miguel Indurain, successfully defended his title. The points classification was won by Djamolidine Abdoujaparov, while the mountains classification was won by Tony Rominger.
Teams
The organisers of the Tour, Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO), felt that it was no longer safe to have 198 cyclists in the race, as more and more traffic islands had been made, so the total number of teams was reduced from 22 to 20,[1] composing of 9 cyclists.[2] The first 14 teams were selected in May 1993, based on the FICP ranking.[3] In June 1993, six additional wildcards were given; one of which was given to a combination of two teams, You have called {{Contentious topics}}
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The teams entering the race were:[2]
Qualified teams
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Pre-race favourites
The defending champion Miguel Indurain was the big favourite, having won the 1993 Giro d'Italia earlier that year.[6]
Route and stages
The route was unveiled in October 1992. Most team directors expected it to be more difficult than the 1992 Tour de France.[1] The highest point of elevation in the race was 2,802 m (9,193 ft) at the Cime de la Bonette loop road on stage 11.[7][8]
Stage | Date | Course | Distance | Type | Winner | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P | 3 July | Le Puy du Fou | 6.8 km (4.2 mi) | Individual time trial | Miguel Indurain (ESP) | |
1 | 4 July | Luçon to Les Sables-d'Olonne | 215.0 km (133.6 mi) | Plain stage | Mario Cipollini (ITA) | |
2 | 5 July | Les Sables-d'Olonne to Vannes | 227.5 km (141.4 mi) | Plain stage | Wilfried Nelissen (BEL) | |
3 | 6 July | Vannes to Dinard | 189.5 km (117.7 mi) | Plain stage | Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB) | |
4 | 7 July | Dinard to Avranches | 81.0 km (50.3 mi) | Team time trial | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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5 | 8 July | Avranches to Évreux | 225.5 km (140.1 mi) | Plain stage | Jesper Skibby (DEN) | |
6 | 9 July | Évreux to Amiens | 158.0 km (98.2 mi) | Plain stage | Johan Bruyneel (BEL) | |
7 | 10 July | Péronne to Châlons-sur-Marne | 199.0 km (123.7 mi) | Plain stage | Bjarne Riis (DEN) | |
8 | 11 July | Châlons-sur-Marne to Verdun | 184.5 km (114.6 mi) | Plain stage | Lance Armstrong (USA) | |
9 | 12 July | Lac de Madine | 59.0 km (36.7 mi) | Individual time trial | Miguel Indurain (ESP) | |
13 July | Villard-de-Lans | Rest day | ||||
10 | 14 July | Villard-de-Lans to Serre Chevalier | 203.0 km (126.1 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Toni Rominger (SUI) | |
11 | 15 July | Serre Chevalier to Isola 2000 | 179.0 km (111.2 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Toni Rominger (SUI) | |
12 | 16 July | Isola to Marseille | 286.5 km (178.0 mi) | Plain stage | Fabio Roscioli (ITA) | |
13 | 17 July | Marseille to Montpellier | 181.5 km (112.8 mi) | Plain stage | Olaf Ludwig (GER) | |
14 | 18 July | Montpellier to Perpignan | 223.0 km (138.6 mi) | Plain stage | Pascal Lino (FRA) | |
15 | 19 July | Perpignan to Pal | 231.5 km (143.8 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Oliverio Rincón (COL) | |
20 July | Andorra | Rest day | ||||
16 | 21 July | Andorra to Saint-Lary-Soulan Pla d'Adet | 230.0 km (142.9 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Zenon Jaskuła (POL) | |
17 | 22 July | Tarbes to Pau | 190.0 km (118.1 mi) | Stage with mountain(s) | Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) | |
18 | 23 July | Orthez to Bordeaux | 199.5 km (124.0 mi) | Plain stage | Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB) | |
19 | 24 July | Brétigny-sur-Orge to Montlhéry | 48.0 km (29.8 mi) | Individual time trial | Toni Rominger (SUI) | |
20 | 25 July | Viry-Châtillon to Paris (Champs-Élysées) | 196.5 km (122.1 mi) | Plain stage | Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB) | |
Total | 3,714 km (2,308 mi)[13] |
Race overview
The 1993 Tour started in the same way as the 1992 Tour: Indurain won, with Alex Zülle in second place.[6] The next stages were flat, and all finished in mass sprints. After the second stage, sprinter Wilfried Nelissen had collected enough time bonuses to become leader in the general classification.[6]
The team time trial in stage four was the first stage with significant effects on the general classification. Banesto (Indurain's team) came in seventh, losing more than one minute, but the biggest loser was Tony Rominger, whose Clas team lost more than three minutes.[6]
The contenders for the overall victory saved their energy in the next few stages, and cyclists who would not be a threat in the mountains were allowed to break away, with only the sprinters' teams trying to get them back. The sixth stage was run with an average speed of almost 49.5 kilometres per hour (30.8 mph), at that moment the fastest mass-start stage in the Tour.[6]
In the ninth stage, an individual time trial, the general classification changed. Indurain was a lot faster than the other cyclists, winning the stage with a margin of more than two minutes, and became the new leader in the general classification.[6]
The next stages were in the Alps. Tony Rominger attacked, trying to win back time. Although he was able to win the stage, Indurain had followed him closely, so Rominger did not win back any time. Other pre-race favourites lost considerable time this stage and were no longer in contention, such as Claudio Chiappucci, who lost more than eight minutes.[6]
In the eleventh stage, Rominger tried it again. But again, Indurain stayed with him. Rominger won the stage again, but the margin to Indurain stayed the same. Rominger did jump to the fourth place in the general classification, because Erik Breukink lost almost ten minutes.[6]
The next three stages were relatively flat, and the top of the general classification stayed the same. In the fifteenth stage, Pyrenean climbs were included. The stage was won by Oliverio Rincón, the only survivor of an early breakaway. Behind him, Rominger again tried to get away from Indurain, but was unable to do so.[6]
In the sixteenth stage, again in the Pyrenées, Rominger was finally able to get away from Indurain, but the margin was only three seconds. The seventeenth stage was the last stage with serious climbs, so the last realistic opportunity to win back time on Indurain, but this did not happen, so it seemed certain that Indurain would become the winner.[6]
The rest of the podium was determined in the individual time trial in stage 19. It was won by Rominger, with Indurain in second place. Rominger thus climbed to the second place in the general classification.
Classification leadership and minor prizes
There were several classifications in the 1993 Tour de France.[14] The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.[15]
Additionally, there was a points classification, which awarded a green jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.[16]
There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorised some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorised climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and wore a white jersey with red polka dots.[17]
The fourth individual classification was the young rider classification, which was not marked by a jersey. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders under 26 years were eligible.[18]
For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time.[19]
In addition, there was a combativity award given after each mass-start stage to the cyclist considered most combative. The decision was made by a jury composed of journalists who gave points. The cyclist with the most points from votes in all stages led the combativity classification.[20] Massimo Ghirotto won this classification, and was given overall the super-combativity award.[10] The Souvenir Henri Desgrange was given in honour of Tour founder Henri Desgrange to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col du Galibier on stage 10. This prize was won by Tony Rominger.[21][22] The fair-play award was given to Gianni Bugno.[9]
Stage | Winner | General classification |
Points classification |
Mountains classification |
Young rider classification[a] | Team classification | Combativity | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Award | Classification | |||||||
P | Miguel Indurain | Miguel Indurain | Miguel Indurain | François Simon | Alex Zülle | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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no award | |
1 | Mario Cipollini | Mario Cipollini | Massimo Ghirotto | Massimo Ghirotto | ||||
2 | Wilfried Nelissen | Wilfried Nelissen | Wilfried Nelissen | Wilfried Nelissen | Ján Svorada | Ján Svorada | ||
3 | Djamolidine Abdoujaparov | Laurent Desbiens | Laurent Desbiens | Laurent Desbiens | ||||
4 | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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Mario Cipollini | no award | |||||
5 | Jesper Skibby | Wilfried Nelissen | Davide Cassani | Bjarne Riis | ||||
6 | Johan Bruyneel | Mario Cipollini | Jacky Durand | |||||
7 | Bjarne Riis | Johan Museeuw | Mario Cipollini | Bjarne Riis | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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Bjarne Riis | Bjarne Riis | |
8 | Lance Armstrong | Davide Cassani | Pascal Lance | |||||
9 | Miguel Indurain | Miguel Indurain | Alex Zülle | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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no award | |||
10 | Tony Rominger | Tony Rominger | ||||||
11 | Tony Rominger | Djamolidine Abdoujaparov | Tony Rominger | Oliverio Rincón | Ariostea | Davide Cassani | ||
12 | Fabio Roscioli | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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Fabio Roscioli | |||||
13 | Olaf Ludwig | Jacky Durand | ||||||
14 | Pascal Lino | Giancarlo Perini | ||||||
15 | Oliverio Rincón | Richard Virenque | ||||||
16 | Zenon Jaskuła | Antonio Martín | Claudio Chiappucci | |||||
17 | Claudio Chiappucci | Claudio Chiappucci | ||||||
18 | Djamolidine Abdoujaparov | Michel Vermote | Massimo Ghirotto | |||||
19 | Tony Rominger | no award | ||||||
20 | Djamolidine Abdoujaparov | Rolf Sørensen | ||||||
Final | Miguel Indurain | Djamolidine Abdoujaparov | Tony Rominger | Antonio Martín | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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|
Massimo Ghirotto |
- In stage 1, Alex Zülle wore the green jersey.
- In stages 3, 4, and 6, Mario Cipollini wore the green jersey.
Final standings
Legend | ||||
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Denotes the winner of the general classification | Denotes the winner of the points classification | |||
Denotes the winner of the mountains classification |
General classification
Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
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1 | Miguel Indurain (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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2 | Toni Rominger (SUI) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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3 | Zenon Jaskuła (POL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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4 | Alvaro Mejia (COL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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5 | Bjarne Riis (DEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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6 | Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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7 | Johan Bruyneel (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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8 | Andrew Hampsten (USA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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9 | Pedro Delgado (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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10 | Vladimir Poulnikov (RUS) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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Final general classification (11–136)[25] | |||
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Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
11 | Gianni Faresin (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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12 | Antonio Martín (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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13 | Stephen Roche (IRE) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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14 | Roberto Conti (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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15 | Jean-Philippe Dojwa (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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16 | Oliviero Rincón (COL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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17 | Alberto Elli (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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18 | Jon Unzaga (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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19 | Richard Virenque (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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20 | Gianni Bugno (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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21 | Franco Vona (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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22 | Laurent Madouas (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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23 | Federico Echave (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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24 | Robert Millar (GBR) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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25 | Udo Bölts (GER) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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26 | Francisco Mauleón (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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27 | Raúl Alcalá (MEX) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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28 | Thierry Claveyrolat (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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29 | Giancarlo Perini (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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30 | Fernando Escartín (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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31 | Bo Hamburger (DEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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32 | Ramon Gonzalez (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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33 | Massimo Ghirotto (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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34 | Leonardo Sierra (VEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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35 | Viatcheslav Ekimov (RUS) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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36 | Thierry Bourguignon (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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37 | Eric Caritoux (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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38 | Bruno Cenghialta (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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39 | Dimitri Zhdanov (RUS) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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40 | Charly Mottet (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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41 | Alex Zülle (SUI) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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42 | Laudelino Cubino (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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43 | Pascal Lino (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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44 | Laurent Brochard (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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45 | Eddy Bouwmans (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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46 | Gerard Rué (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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47 | Ronan Pensec (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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48 | Bruno Cornillet (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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49 | Jean-François Bernard (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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50 | Johan Museeuw (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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51 | Flavio Vanzella (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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52 | Jörg Müller (SUI) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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53 | Jesper Skibby (DEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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54 | Rolf Järmann (SUI) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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55 | Gerrit de Vries (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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56 | Rolf Aldag (GER) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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57 | François Simon (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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58 | Miguel Angel Martinez (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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59 | François Lemarchand (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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60 | Stefano Colagè (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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61 | Franco Ballerini (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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62 | Jens Heppner (GER) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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63 | Eric Boyer (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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64 | Philippe Louviot (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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65 | Mauro-Antonio Santaromita (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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66 | Laurent Pillon (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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67 | Guy Nulens (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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68 | Pascal Lance (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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69 | Marc Sergeant (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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70 | Rolf Sørensen (DEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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71 | Maximilian Sciandri (GBR) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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72 | Marino Alonso (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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73 | Gianluca Bortolami (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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74 | Julián Gorospe (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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75 | Pascal Chanteur (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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76 | Djamolidine Abduzhaparov (UZB) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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77 | Brian Holm (DEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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78 | Iñaki Gaston (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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79 | Fabian Jeker (SUI) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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80 | John van den Akker (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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81 | Dominique Arnould (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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82 | Juan Carlos Martin (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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83 | Luc Roosen (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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84 | Phil Anderson (AUS) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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85 | Fabio Roscioli (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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86 | Wilfried Peeters (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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87 | Christian Henn (GER) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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88 | Sean Yates (GBR) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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89 | Frankie Andreu (USA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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90 | Dag Otto Lauritzen (NOR) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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91 | Maarten den Bakker (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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92 | Mario Chiesa (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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93 | Franck Pineau (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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94 | José Ramon Uriarte (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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95 | Javier Murguialday (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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96 | Davide Bramati (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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97 | Serhiy Utchakov (UKR) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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98 | Uwe Raab (GER) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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99 | Gerd Audehm (GER) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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100 | Nelson Rodriguez (COL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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101 | Steve Bauer (CAN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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102 | Herminio Diaz (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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103 | Laurent Biondi (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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104 | Stefano Zanatta (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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105 | Davide Cassani (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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106 | Frans Maassen (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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107 | Marc Wauters (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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108 | Jean-Pierre Delphis (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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109 | Laurent Desbiens (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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110 | Serge Baguet (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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111 | Mario Kummer (GER) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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112 | Frédéric Moncassin (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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113 | Michel Vermote (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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114 | Herman Frison (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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115 | Christophe Capelle (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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116 | Michel Dernies (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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117 | Jesus Montoya (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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118 | Tom Cordes (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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119 | Patrice Esnault (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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120 | Mario Scirea (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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121 | Jacky Durand (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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122 | John Talen (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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123 | Philippe Casado (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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124 | Jean-Pierre Bourgeot (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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125 | Giovanni Fidanza (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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126 | Prudencio Indurain (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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127 | Gert Jakobs (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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128 | Andrea Tafi (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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129 | Jelle Nijdam (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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130 | Danny Nelissen (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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131 | Dieter Runkel (SUI) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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132 | Peter De Clercq (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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133 | Jean-Claude Colotti (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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134 | Rob Mulders (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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135 | Peter Farazijn (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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136 | Edwig Van Hooydonck (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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Points classification
Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
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1 | Djamolidine Abduzhaparov (UZB) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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2 | Johan Museeuw (BEL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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3 | Maximilian Sciandri (GBR) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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4 | François Simon (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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5 | Christophe Capelle (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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6 | Frédéric Moncassin (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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7 | Miguel Indurain (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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8 | Bjarne Riis (DEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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9 | Toni Rominger (SUI) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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10 | Stefano Colagè (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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Mountains classification
Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
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1 | Toni Rominger (SUI) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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2 | Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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3 | Oliviero Rincón (COL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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4 | Miguel Indurain (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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5 | Richard Virenque (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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6 | Alvaro Mejia (COL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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7 | Davide Cassani (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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8 | Zenon Jaskuła (POL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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9 | Leonardo Sierra (VEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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10 | Bjarne Riis (DEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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Young rider classification
Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
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1 | Antonio Martín (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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2 | Oliviero Rincón (COL) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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3 | Richard Virenque (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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4 | Fernando Escartín (ESP) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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5 | Bo Hamburger (DEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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6 | Leonardo Sierra (VEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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7 | Dimitri Zhdanov (RUS) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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8 | Alex Zülle (SUI) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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9 | Laurent Brochard (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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10 | Eddy Bouwmans (NED) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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Team classification
Rank | Team | Time |
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1 | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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2 | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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3 | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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4 | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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5 | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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6 | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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7 | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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8 | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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9 | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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10 | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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Combativity classification
Rank | Rider | Team | Points |
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1 | Massimo Ghirotto (ITA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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2 | Bjarne Riis (DEN) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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3 | Jacky Durand (FRA) | You have called {{Contentious topics}} . You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:
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Notes
References
- ^ a b Abt, Samuel (30 October 1992). "Tour de France Has Rocky Road Ready For Riders in 1993". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
- ^ a b "The history of the Tour de France – Year 1993 – The starters". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- ^ "Les premières équipes pour le Tour" (in French). Le Soir. 19 May 1993. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
- ^ Deblander, Bruno (16 June 1993). "Sept maillots pour completer le generique du Tour de France 1993; Six invitations et une fusion" (in French). Le Soir. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
- ^ Abt, Samuel (17 June 1993). "Angry U.S. Bike Team Says 'No' To Sharing Tour de France Slot". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j McGann & McGann 2008, pp. 211–216.
- ^ Augendre 2016, p. 180.
- ^ "Bergetappes in de Tour" [Mountain stages in the Tour]. de Volkskrant (in Dutch). 3 July 1993. p. 31 – via Delpher.
- ^ a b c d e f g "80ème Tour de France 1993" [80th Tour de France 1993]. Mémoire du cyclisme (in French). Retrieved 6 April 2020.
- ^ a b Augendre 2016, p. 84.
- ^ Zwegers, Arian. "Tour de France GC top ten". CVCC. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
- ^ "The history of the Tour de France – Year 1993 – The stage winners". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- ^ Augendre 2016, p. 110.
- ^ Nauright & Parrish 2012, pp. 452–455.
- ^ Nauright & Parrish 2012, pp. 452–453.
- ^ Nauright & Parrish 2012, pp. 453–454.
- ^ Nauright & Parrish 2012, p. 454.
- ^ a b Nauright & Parrish 2012, pp. 454–455.
- ^ Nauright & Parrish 2012, p. 455.
- ^ van den Akker 2018, pp. 211–216.
- ^ "Vier miljoen prijzengeld te verdienen" [Earn four million in prize money]. Nieuwsblad van het Noorden (in Dutch). 5 July 1993. p. 14 – via De Krant van Toen.
- ^ Augendre 2016, pp. 177–178.
- ^ "Tour de France 1993 – Leaders overview". ProCyclingStats. Archived from the original on 16 February 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
- ^ van den Akker, Pieter. "Informatie over de Tour de France van 1993" [Information about the Tour de France from 1993]. TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
- ^ a b "The history of the Tour de France – Year 1993 – Stage 20 Viry-Chatillon > Paris". Tour de France. Amaury Sport Organisation. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
Bibliography
- Augendre, Jacques (2016). Guide historique [Historical guide] (PDF) (in French). Paris: Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help) - McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol (2008). The Story of the Tour de France: 1965–2007. Vol. 2. Indianapolis, IN: Dog Ear Publishing. ISBN 978-1-59858-608-4.
- Nauright, John; Parrish, Charles (2012). Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice. Vol. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-59884-300-2.
- van den Akker, Pieter (2018). Tour de France Rules and Statistics: 1903–2018. Self-published. ISBN 978-1-79398-080-9.
Further reading
- Walsh, David (1994). Inside the Tour de France. London: Stanley Paul. ISBN 978-0-09-178536-9.
External links
Media related to 1993 Tour de France at Wikimedia Commons