Angoon, Alaska
Angoon, Alaska | |
|---|---|
  Angoon Location in Alaska | |
| Coordinates: 57°29′49″N 134°34′25″W / 57.49694°N 134.57361°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Alaska |
| Census Area | Hoonah-Angoon |
| Incorporated | May 7, 1963[1] |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Albert H. Howard[2] |
| • State senator | Bert Stedman (R) |
| • State rep. | Jonathan Kreiss-Tomkins (D) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 38.77 sq mi (100.41 km2) |
| • Land | 24.41 sq mi (63.22 km2) |
| • Water | 14.36 sq mi (37.19 km2) |
| Elevation | 23 ft (7 m) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 459 |
| • Estimate (2016)[5] | 444 |
| • Density | 11.45/sq mi (4.42/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-9 (Alaska) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-8 (Alaska) |
| ZIP code | 99820 |
| Area code | 907 |
| FIPS code | 02-03440 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1420113 |
Angoon (sometimes formerly spelled Angun) (Tlingit: Aangoon) is a city on Admiralty Island in Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, Alaska, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 572; by the 2010 census the population had declined to 459.[4] The name in Tlingit, Aangóon, means roughly "isthmus town."
History
Admiralty Island has long been the home of the Kootznoowoo Tlingit group, or Xootsnoowú Ḵwáan in Tlingit. Kootznoowoo means "fortress of brown bears", literally xoots-noow-ú "brown.bear-fortress-possessive".[6] Angoon has a less-rainy climate than most of southeastern Alaska and was valued by the Tlingit for that reason.
During the Russian period in Alaska, from the 18th century to the mid-19th century, fur trading was a major economic activity in the area.
In 1878, after the 1867 Alaska Purchase, the North West Trading Company established a trading post and whaling station on nearby Killisnoo Island and employed Angoon villagers to hunt whales. Whaling, a school, and a Russian Orthodox church attracted many Tlingits to neighboring Killisnoo.
In 1882, a whaling vessel's harpoon charge accidentally misfired and exploded, killing a crewmember who was a Tlingit shaman, or medicine man. Villagers demanded payment of 200 blankets to the man's family, as was customary.[7] The North West Trading Company sought help from the United States Navy at Sitka. Angoon and a nearby summer camp were shelled and destroyed by the revenue cutter Thomas Corwin.
After a short time, the North West Trading Company switched to herring processing. During this time, many Tlingits moved to Killisnoo for employment at the fish plant. In 1928, Killisnoo was destroyed by fire and many Tlingits returned to Angoon.
In 1973, Angoon won a U.S. $90,000 settlement from the United States government for the 1882 bombardment.
Geography
Angoon is located on the west side of Admiralty Island at 57°29′49″N 134°34′25″W / 57.49694°N 134.57361°W (57.496891, -134.573579).[8] It is the largest permanent settlement on Admiralty Island and is sited on an isthmus at the mouth of Kootznahoo Inlet on the west side of the island. It is 60 miles (97 km) southwest of Juneau. The only other community on the island is Cube Cove, to the north.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 38.8 square miles (100.4 km2), of which 24.4 square miles (63.2 km2) are land and 14.4 square miles (37.2 km2), or 37.04%, are water.[4]
Climate
According to the Köppen climate classification system, Angoon has an Oceanic climate (Cfb).
| Climate data for Angoon | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 57 (14) |
57 (14) |
58 (14) |
64 (18) |
71 (22) |
80 (27) |
82 (28) |
77 (25) |
75 (24) |
62 (17) |
57 (14) |
50 (10) |
82 (28) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 31.9 (−0.1) |
36.8 (2.7) |
40.9 (4.9) |
47.1 (8.4) |
53.4 (11.9) |
58.8 (14.9) |
62 (17) |
61.5 (16.4) |
56.6 (13.7) |
48.4 (9.1) |
39.9 (4.4) |
34.3 (1.3) |
47.6 (8.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 23.5 (−4.7) |
27.1 (−2.7) |
29.7 (−1.3) |
33.9 (1.1) |
39.8 (4.3) |
45.6 (7.6) |
49.8 (9.9) |
49.8 (9.9) |
45.2 (7.3) |
39.1 (3.9) |
32.3 (0.2) |
27.3 (−2.6) |
36.9 (2.7) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −3 (−19) |
−7 (−22) |
0 (−18) |
20 (−7) |
29 (−2) |
36 (2) |
40 (4) |
40 (4) |
30 (−1) |
16 (−9) |
−2 (−19) |
−6 (−21) |
−7 (−22) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.39 (86) |
2.7 (69) |
2.42 (61) |
2.21 (56) |
1.92 (49) |
1.9 (48) |
2.26 (57) |
3.76 (96) |
4.89 (124) |
7.71 (196) |
4.79 (122) |
4.04 (103) |
42 (1,100) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 16.6 (42) |
12.7 (32) |
8.1 (21) |
2 (5.1) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.3 (0.76) |
6 (15) |
15.4 (39) |
61.2 (155) |
| Average precipitation days | 17 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 15 | 18 | 23 | 20 | 21 | 205 |
| Source: [9] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 420 | — | |
| 1920 | 114 | — | |
| 1930 | 319 | 179.8% | |
| 1940 | 342 | 7.2% | |
| 1950 | 429 | 25.4% | |
| 1960 | 395 | −7.9% | |
| 1970 | 400 | 1.3% | |
| 1980 | 465 | 16.3% | |
| 1990 | 638 | 37.2% | |
| 2000 | 572 | −10.3% | |
| 2010 | 459 | −19.8% | |
| 2016 (est.) | 444 | [5] | −3.3% |
Angoon first appeared on the 1880 U.S. Census as the native village of "Augoon" with 420 residents, all members of the Tlingit tribe. It did not appear again on the census until 1920.
As of the census[11] of 2000, there were 572 people, 184 households, and 138 families residing in the city. The population density was 25.4 people per square mile (9.8/km²). There were 221 housing units at an average density of 9.8 per square mile (3.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 81.99% Native American, 11.36% White, 5.42% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race, 0.52% Black or African American, 0.17% Asian, 1.40% from other races, and 4.55% from two or more races.
There were 184 households out of which 42.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.5% were married couples living together, 17.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.0% were non-families. 22.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 2.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.11 and the average family size was 3.64.
In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 34.8% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 6.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 110.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 115.6 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $29,861, and the median income for a family was $31,429. Males had a median income of $21,250 versus $30,625 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,357. About 27.0% of families and 27.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 39.1% of those under age 18 and 20.0% of those age 65 or over.
Government
Harriet Silva is the mayor of Angoon. There is also a city council.
Economy
Fishing and fish processing are the mainstays of the economy at Angoon now.
Angoon is looking into non-diesel electric power generation to reduce local electric bills.
Angoon was listed by Sunset magazine as one of the "Top 100 Best Honeymoon Spots" in July 2009.
Education
Chatham School District operates two schools:[12]
- Angoon Elementary School
- Angoon High School
References
- ^ 1996 Alaska Municipal Officials Directory. Juneau: Alaska Municipal League/Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs. January 1996. p. 26.
- ^ Jenkins, Elizabeth (February 28, 2016). "Without ferry service, a Southeast village considers $18 gallon of milk". KTOO News. Juneau: KTOO Public Media. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
- ^ "2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved Jun 22, 2017.
- ^ a b c "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Angoon city, Alaska". American Factfinder. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
- ^ a b "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
- ^ De Laguna, Frederica. (1960). The story of a Tlingit community: A problem in the relationship between archeological, ethnological, and historical methods. Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 172. Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office.
- ^ Reckley, Eve G., "Angoon Account of Bombardment Challenges Military Reports", In Commemoration, Kootznoowoo Heritage Foundation of Angoon, pp. 9–16
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
- ^ "ANGOON (500310)". Western Regional Climate Center. Retrieved November 18, 2015.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Our Schools." Chatham School District. Retrieved on February 13, 2017.
Further reading
- Garfield, Viola (1947) "Historical Aspects of Tlingit Clans in Angoon, Alaska." American Anthropologist, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 438–452.
- Jacobs, Harold (2000) "Xoodzidaa Kwáan: Inhabitants of the Burning Wood Fort." In: Will the Time Ever Come? A Tlingit Source Book, ed. by Andrew Hope III and Thomas F. Thornton, pp. 34–47. Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native Knowledge Network.
- South East Alaska with Pack & Paddle, by Margaret Piggott
External links
- Angoon at the Community Database Online from the Alaska Division of Community and Regional Affairs
- Maps from the Alaska Department of Labor and Workforce Development: 2000, 2010
- Juneau Empire story and transcription of 1882 letter critical of Angoon shelling; only unofficial contemporary source
- Naval Historical Center. Shelling of the Alaskan native American village of Angoon, October, 1882 Original reports from M.A. Healy, E.C. Merriman, W.G. Morris, and supporting documents, in PDF form.
Municipalities and communities of Hoonah–Angoon Census Area, Alaska, United States | ||
|---|---|---|
| Cities |  | |
| CDPs | ||
| Unincorporated community | ||
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in adjacent boroughs or census areas | |