Caesium azide

Caesium azide
	; Coordination sphere of azide in CsN3
Names
	IUPAC name caesium azide
	Other names cesium azide
Identifiers
CAS Number	22750-57-8;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	81071;
ECHA InfoCard	100.041.072
EC Number	245-196-0;
PubChem CID	6101636;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID601014422 DTXSID60929869, DTXSID601014422 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Cs.N3/c;1-3-2/q+1;-1 Key: AYTVLULEEPNWAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N; InChI=1S/Cs.N3/c;1-3-2/q+1;-1;
	SMILES [N-]=[N+]=[N-].[Cs+];
Properties
Chemical formula	CsN3
Molar mass	174.926 g/mol
Appearance	colorless needles
Density	3.5 g/cm3
Melting point	310 °C (590 °F; 583 K)
Solubility in water	224.2 g/100 mL (0 °C)
Structure
Crystal structure	tetragonal
Space group	I4/mcm, No. 140
Lattice constant	a = 6.5412 Å, c = 8.0908 Å
Formula units (Z)	4
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Caesium azide or cesium azide is an inorganic compound of caesium and azide with the formula CsN₃.

Structure

CsN₃ adopts the same structure as KN₃, RbN₃, and TlN₃, crystallizing in a tetragonal distorted caesium chloride structure where each azide ion coordinates to eight metal cations, and each metal cation coordinates to eight terminal N centers.^[2] When heated to 151 °C, it transitions to a cubic structure.^[3]

Preparation and reactions

Caesium azide can be prepared from the neutralization reaction between hydrazoic acid and caesium hydroxide:^[4]

CsOH + HN₃ → CsN₃ + H₂O

Caesium carbonate can also be used as the base:

Cs₂CO₃ + HN₃ → CsN₃ + CO₂ + H₂O

Caesium sulfate reacts with barium azide to form insoluble barium sulfate and caesium azide:

Cs₂SO₄ + Ba(N₃)₂ → 2CsN₃ + BaSO₄↓

The thermal decomposition of CsN₃ in vacuo can be used as a method of generating high purity caesium metal:^[5]

2 CsN₃ → 2 Cs + 3 N₂

References

^ Perry, Dale L. (18 May 2011). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 110. ISBN 978-1-4398-1461-1.
^ ^a ^b Müller, Ulrich (1972). "Verfeinerung der Kristallstrukturen von KN₃, RbN₃, CsN₃ und TIN₃". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 392 (2): 159–166. doi:10.1002/zaac.19723920207.
^ McIntyre, J.E. (ed.). Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds Volume 3: C₄₆ – Zr. Chapman & Hill. p. 3096. ISBN 0-412-30120-2.
^ Steudel, R.; Schenk, P. W. (1975). "Stickstoff". In Brauer, Georg (ed.). Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie, 3. Auflage, Band I. p. 458. ISBN 3-432-02328-6.
^ Blatter, Fritz; Schumacher, Ernst (15 January 1986). "Production of high purity caesium". Journal of the Less Common Metals. 115 (2): 307–313. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(86)90153-0.

[Handbook-1] Perry, Dale L. (18 May 2011). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 110. ISBN 978-1-4398-1461-1.

[structure-2] Müller, Ulrich (1972). "Verfeinerung der Kristallstrukturen von KN₃, RbN₃, CsN₃ und TIN₃". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 392 (2): 159–166. doi:10.1002/zaac.19723920207.

[dict-3] McIntyre, J.E. (ed.). Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds Volume 3: C₄₆ – Zr. Chapman & Hill. p. 3096. ISBN 0-412-30120-2.

[4] Steudel, R.; Schenk, P. W. (1975). "Stickstoff". In Brauer, Georg (ed.). Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie, 3. Auflage, Band I. p. 458. ISBN 3-432-02328-6.

[5] Blatter, Fritz; Schumacher, Ernst (15 January 1986). "Production of high purity caesium". Journal of the Less Common Metals. 115 (2): 307–313. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(86)90153-0.

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