Carme (moon)

Carme
Discovery
Discovered by	S. B. Nicholson
Discovery date	July 30, 1938
Orbital characteristics
Mean orbit radius	23.4 million km
Eccentricity	0.25
Orbital period (sidereal)	702.28 d (1.9228 a)
Average orbital speed	2.253 km/s
Inclination	164.91° (to the ecliptic); 167.53° (to Jupiter's equator)
Satellite of	Jupiter
Physical characteristics
Mean radius	~23 km
Surface area	~6600 km²
Volume	~51,000 km³
Mass	1.3×1017 kg
Mean density	2.6 g/cm³ (assumed)
Surface gravity	~0.017 m/s2 (0.0017 g)
Escape velocity	~0.028 km/s
Albedo	0.04 (assumed)
Temperature	~124 K

Carme (/ˈkɑːrmiː/ KAR-mee; Template:Lang-el) is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in California in July 1938.^[1] It is named after the mythological Carme, mother by Zeus of Britomartis, a Cretan goddess.

Carme did not receive its present name until 1975;^[4] before then, it was simply known as Jupiter XI. It was sometimes called "Pan"^[5] between 1955 and 1975 (Pan is now the name of a satellite of Saturn).

It gives its name to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Its orbital elements are as of January 2000.^[2] They are continuously changing due to solar and planetary perturbations.

References

^ ^a ^b Nicholson, S. B. (1938). "Two New Satellites of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 50: 292–293. Bibcode:1938PASP...50..292N. doi:10.1086/124963.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Jacobson, R. A. (2000). "The Orbits of Outer Jovian Satellites". Astronomical Journal. 120 (5): 2679–2686. Bibcode:2000AJ....120.2679J. doi:10.1086/316817.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters". JPL (Solar System Dynamics). 2008-10-24. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
^ IAUC 2846: Satellites of Jupiter 1974 October 7 (naming the moon)
^ Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Katherine Haramundanis (1970). Introduction to Astronomy. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-478107-4.

External links

[Nicholson_1938-1] Nicholson, S. B. (1938). "Two New Satellites of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 50: 292–293. Bibcode:1938PASP...50..292N. doi:10.1086/124963.

[Jacobson_2000-2] Jacobson, R. A. (2000). "The Orbits of Outer Jovian Satellites". Astronomical Journal. 120 (5): 2679–2686. Bibcode:2000AJ....120.2679J. doi:10.1086/316817.

[jplssd-3] "Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters". JPL (Solar System Dynamics). 2008-10-24. Retrieved 2008-12-12.

[4] IAUC 2846: Satellites of Jupiter 1974 October 7 (naming the moon)

[Gaposchkin-5] Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Katherine Haramundanis (1970). Introduction to Astronomy. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-478107-4.

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v t e Moons of Jupiter
Listed in increasing approximate distance from Jupiter
Inner moons	Metis Adrastea Amalthea Thebe
Galilean moons	Io Europa Ganymede Callisto
Themisto	Themisto
Himalia group (9)	Leda Ersa S/2018 J 2 Himalia Pandia Lysithea Elara S/2011 J 3 Dia
Carpo group (2)	S/2018 J 4 Carpo
Valetudo	Valetudo
Ananke group (26)	Euporie Jupiter LV Eupheme S/2021 J 3 Jupiter LII Jupiter LIV Mneme Euanthe S/2003 J 16 Harpalyke Orthosie S/2022 J 3 Helike S/2021 J 2 Praxidike Jupiter LXIV S/2021 J 1 S/2003 J 12 Jupiter LXVIII Thelxinoe Thyone S/2003 J 2 Ananke Iocaste Hermippe Jupiter LXX
Carme group (30)	S/2022 J 1 S/2022 J 2 S/2016 J 3 Pasithee Jupiter LXIX S/2021 J 6 S/2003 J 24 Chaldene Jupiter LXIII Isonoe S/2021 J 4 Kallichore Erinome Kale Eirene Aitne Eukelade Arche Taygete Jupiter LXXII Carme Herse Jupiter LXI Jupiter LI S/2003 J 9 Jupiter LXVI Kalyke S/2018 J 3 S/2021 J 5 S/2003 J 10
Pasiphae group (18)	Philophrosyne Eurydome Jupiter LVI S/2003 J 4 S/2016 J 4 Jupiter LXVII Hegemone Pasiphae Sponde Megaclite Cyllene Sinope Jupiter LIX Aoede Autonoe Callirrhoe S/2003 J 23 Kore
See also	Rings of Jupiter Jupiter's moons in fiction
Category

See also

References

External links