Churches of Rome
![]() |
There are more than 900 Churches in Rome. Most, but not all, of these are Roman Catholic, with some notable Roman Catholic Marian churches.
Ancient Churches
The first churches of Rome originated in places where Christians met. They were divided into three categories:
- the houses of private Roman citizens (people who hosted the meetings of Christians - also known as oratoria, oracula);
- the deaconries (places where charity distributions were given to the poor and placed under the control of a deacon); (The greatest deaconries had many deacons, and one of them was elected archdeacon.)
- other houses holding a titulus (known as domus ecclesia);
Tituli
Only the tituli were allowed to distribute sacraments. The most important priest in a titulus was given the name of Cardinal. Pope Marcellus I (at the beginning of the 4th century) confirmed that the tituli were the only centres of administration in the Church. In 499 a.d., a synod held by Pope Symmachus listed all the presbyters participating, as well as the tituli who were present at that time.[1]:
- Titulus Aemilianae (Santi Quattro Coronati)
- Titulus Anastasiae (Santa Anastasia)
- Titulus SS Apostolorum (Santi Apostoli)
- Titulus Byzantis or Vizantis (unknown, perhaps "Titulus Pammachii")
- Titulus S Caeciliae (Santa Cecilia in Trastevere)
- Titulus Clementis (San Clemente)
- Titulus Crescentianae (San Sisto Vecchio)
- Titulus Crysogoni (San Crisogono)
- Titulus Cyriaci (Uncertain; theories include Santa Maria Antiqua and Santa Maria in Domnica)
- Titulus Damasi (San Lorenzo in Damaso)
- Titulus Equitii (San Martino ai Monti)
- Titulus Eusebi (Sant'Eusebio)
- Titulus Fasciolae (Santi Nereo e Achilleo)
- Titulus Gaii (Santa Susanna)
- Titulus Iulii (Santa Maria in Trastevere, identical with Titulus Callixti)
- Titulus Lucinae (San Lorenzo in Lucina)
- Titulus Marcelli (San Marcello al Corso)
- Titulus Marci (San Marco)
- Titulus Matthaei (in Via Merulana, destroyed in 1810)
- Titulus Nicomedis (in Via Nomentana, destroyed)
- Titulus Pammachii (Santi Giovanni e Paolo (Rome))
- Titulus Praxedis (Santa Prassede)
- Titulus Priscae (Santa Prisca)
- Titulus Pudentis (Santa Pudenziana)
- Titulus Romani (unknown, perhaps either Santa Maria Antiqua or Santa Maria in Domnica, whichever the "Titulus Cyriaci" wasn't)
- Titulus S Sabinae (Santa Sabina)
- Titulus Tigridae (uncertain, perhaps Santa Balbina)
- Titulus Vestinae (San Vitale)
"Seven churches of Rome"
It is known that in 336, Pope Julius I had set the number of presbyter cardinals to 28, so that for each day of the week, a different presbyter cardinal would say mass in one of the four major basilicas of Rome, St. Peter's, Saint Paul Outside the Walls, Santa Maria Maggiore, and San Giovanni in Laterano. These four basilicas had no cardinal, since they were under the Pope's direction. The Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano was also the seat of the bishop of Rome. Traditionally, pilgrims were expected to visit all four basilicas, and San Lorenzo fuori le mura, Santa Croce in Gerusalemme, and Santuario della Madonna del Divino Amore which constituted the Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome. Before 2000, the seventh church was instead San Sebastiano fuori le mura.
Churches
This is a list of churches of Rome cited in Wikipedia articles or with related files on Wikicommons. The churches are grouped according to the time of their initial construction: the dates are those of the first record of each church. The reader, however, should not expect the current fabric of the buildings to reflect that age, since over the centuries most have undergone reconstruction. Almost all the churches will thus appear considerably more recent, and as a patchwork of periods and styles.
4th century
- San Martino ai Monti (4th Century)[1]
- Santi Quattro Coronati (314)
- Old St. Peter's Basilica (324)
- San Giovanni in Laterano (324)
- Santa Croce in Gerusalemme (325)
- Santa Susanna (330)
- San Marco (336)
- Santa Anastasia (early 4th century)
- Santa Costanza (early 4th century)
- Santa Maria in Trastevere (early 4th century)
- Santi Nereo e Achilleo (before 377)
- San Lorenzo in Damaso (380)
- Saint Paul Outside the Walls (386)
- Santi Giovanni e Paolo (Rome) (398)
- San Sisto Vecchio (late 4th century)
- San Clemente (4th century)
- San Lorenzo in Lucina (4th century)
- Santi Marcellino e Pietro (4th century)
- Santa Pudenziana (4th century)
- San Sebastiano fuori le mura (4th century)
- San Vitale (400)
- San Marcello al Corso (probably late 4th century)
- Santi Bonifacio e Alessio (between 3rd and 4th century)
5th century
- Santa Sabina (432)
- San Lorenzo in Lucina (430s)
- Santa Maria Maggiore (430s)
- Santo Stefano Rotondo (460)
- Sant'Agata dei Goti (460s, originally Arian, the only Arian foundation to survive in Rome)
- Sant'Eusebio (before 474)
- Santa Bibiana (476)
- San Giovanni a Porta Latina (end 5th century)
- Santa Cecilia in Trastevere
- San Crisogono
- San Giovanni in Oleo
- Santa Maria Antiqua
- Santa Maria in Via Lata
- San Pietro in Vincoli
- Santa Prisca
6th century
- Santi Cosma e Damiano (527)
- Santa Lucia in Selci (early 6th century)
- San Pancrazio (early 6th century)
- Santi Apostoli (573)
- San Lorenzo fuori le Mura (580s)
- Santa Balbina (595)
- Santa Maria in Aracoeli
- Santa Maria in Cosmedin
- San Nicola in Carcere
- San Teodoro
7th century
- Sant'Agnese fuori le mura (mid 7th century)
- San Giorgio al Velabro
- San Lorenzo in Miranda (11th century, but possibly 7th century)
- Santi Luca e Martina
- Santa Maria in Domnica
- Santa Maria ad Martyres
8th century
- Sant'Angelo in Pescheria (755 or 770)
- Santa Prassede (800)
- San Silvestro in Capite
- Sant'Eustachio
9th century
- Santa Francesca Romana
- Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi (lost)
- San Lorenzo in Panisperna (late 9th century)
10th century
11th century
- San Silvestro al Quirinale (before 1039)
- Santa Maria del Popolo (1099)
- San Lorenzo in Miranda (11th century, but possibly 7th century)
12th century
- San Benedetto in Piscinula at the beginning of the Trastevere in front of the Tiber Island where St. Benedect lived and first decided to leave the world - Official Site of the Church run by the Heralds of the Gospel
- Sant'Andrea delle Fratte
- Santa Maria della Pietà, also known as San Gregorio della Divina Pietà
- Santi Michele e Magno in Borgo
- San Salvatore in Lauro
- Santo Spirito in Sassia
- San Gregorio Magno al Celio (end 12th century)
13th century
- San Francesco a Ripa (1231)
- Santa Maria sopra Minerva (mid 13th century)
14th century
- Santa Barbara dei Librai (1306)
- Santa Maria dell'Anima (after 1350)
15th century
- Sant'Onofrio al Gianicolo (1439)
- San Giacomo degli Spagnoli or Nostra Signora del Sacro Cuore (1450)
- Santa Maria della Pace (1482)
- Sant'Agostino (1483)
- San Pietro in Montorio (1500)
16th century
- Santa Maria della Consolazione (1506)
- Santa Maria di Loreto (1507)
- Santa Maria in Porta Paradisi (rebuilt in 1523)
- Santa Maria dell'Orto (1567)
- Sant'Andrea in Via Flaminia, also known as Sant'Andrea del Vignola (1553)
- Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri (1561)
- Santa Caterina dei Funari (1564)
- Santa Maria in Traspontina (1566)
- Santa Caterina a Magnanapoli (1575)
- Church of the Gesù (1580)
- Santa Maria dei Monti (1580)
- Trinità dei Monti (1585)
- San Luigi dei Francesi (1589)
- Sant'Andrea degli Scozzesi (1592)
- Santa Maria Odigitria (1594)
- Santa Maria dei Miracoli (1597)
- Santissima Trinità dei Pellegrini (1597)
- San Bernardo alle Terme (1598)
17th century
- Santa Maria della Vittoria (1620)
- Santi Ambrogio e Carlo (1612)
- San Bonaventura al Palatino (1625)
- Sant'Ignazio (1626)
- Sant'Egidio (1630)
- Santa Maria della Concezione dei Cappuccini (1631)
- San Nicola dei Lorenesi (1632)
- Domine Quo Vadis (1637)
- San Carlo ai Catinari (1638)
- San Giovanni Calibita (1640)
- San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (1641)
- Sant'Andrea della Valle (1650)
- Sant'Agnese in Agone (1652)
- Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza (1660)
- Church of Gesù e Maria (1675)
- Santa Maria in Montesanto (1675)
- Sant'Andrea al Quirinale (1678)
- San Michele a Ripa (1693)
- Church of Santa Maria Maddalena (Rome) (1699)
18th century
- Santi Andrea e Claudio dei Borgognoni (1729)
- San Giovanni dei Fiorentini (1734)
- Santissimo Nome di Maria (1741)
19th century
- St Andrew's Church (1885)
- Chiesa di Sant'Anselmo all'Aventino (1892-1896)
20th century
- Sant'Eugenio (1942-1951)
- Santi Pietro e Paolo (1938-1955)
- Santa Maria Addolorata a piazza Buenos Aires (1910-1930)
- San Gregorio VII (1960-1961)
21st century
- Dio Padre Misericordioso (2003)
See also
- Roman Catholic Marian churches
- For a list of churches of Rome, see Category: Churches in Rome.
Notes
- ^ Some scholars have identified the 3rd Century hall beneath the church as a meeting room for a Christian community. Others do not agree with this view, claiming there are no proofs of Christian use before the 6th Century. Krautheimer, p. 115.
References
- Krautheimer, R., Corpus Basilicarum Christianarum Romae, vol. 3.
- Symmacus synod, with list of presbyters and tituli.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Churches of Rome Wiki Template:En icon
- Thayer's Churches of Rome, including the books by Christian Huelsen, Mariano Armellini, and Filippo Titi
- Clarke's Churches of Rome
- Samuelsson's Hidden Churches of Rome
- Map of titular churches
- Map of the Churches of Rome, from platial.com