Dair
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| Ogham letters | |||||
| Aicme Beithe | Aicme Muine | ||||
| ᚁ | [b] | Beith | ᚋ | [m] | Muin |
| ᚂ | [l] | Luis | ᚌ | [ɡ] | Gort |
| ᚃ | [f] | Fearn | ᚍ | [ŋ] | nGéadal |
| ᚄ | [s] | Sail | ᚎ | [z] | Straif |
| ᚅ | [n] | Nion | ᚏ | [r] | Ruis |
| Aicme hÚatha | Aicme Ailme | ||||
| ᚆ | [j] | Uath | ᚐ | [a] | Ailm |
| ᚇ | [d] | Dair | ᚑ | [o] | Onn |
| ᚈ | [t] | Tinne | ᚒ | [u] | Úr |
| ᚉ | [k] | Coll | ᚓ | [e] | Eadhadh |
| ᚊ | [kʷ] | Ceirt | ᚔ | [i] | Iodhadh |
| Forfeda | |||||
| ᚕ | Éabhadh | ||||
| ᚖ | Ór | ||||
| ᚗ | Uilleann | ||||
| ᚘ | Ifín | ᚚ | [p] | Peith | |
| ᚙ | Eamhancholl | ||||
Dair is the Irish name of the seventh letter of the Ogham alphabet, ᚇ, meaning "oak", which is related to Welsh derw(en) and to Breton derv(enn). Its Proto-Indo-European root was *deru- 'oak'. Its phonetic value is [d].[1]
Dair forms the basis of some first names in Irish Gaelic such as Daire, Dara, Darragh and Daragh.
Bríatharogam[edit]
In the medieval kennings, called Bríatharogam or Word Ogham the verses associated with Dair are:
ardam dosae - "highest tree" in the Word Ogham of Morann mic Moín
grés soír - "handicraft of a craftsman" in the Word Ogham of Mac ind Óc
slechtam soíre - "most carved of craftsmanship" in the Word Ogham of Culainn.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ McManus, Damian (1991). A Guide to Ogam. Maynooth Monographs. 4. Co. Kildare, Ireland: An Sagart. p. 37. ISBN 1-870684-75-3. ISSN 0790-8806.
This letter name clearly corresponds to Old Irish dair/daur, gen. daro 'oak-tree', Welsh derw(en) 'oak-tree(s)' from the root *deru-, whence the value /d/.
- ^ Auraicept na n-Éces Calder, George, Edinburgh, John Grant (1917), reprint Four Courts Press (1995), ISBN 1-85182-181-3
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