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Diosdado Cabello

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Diosdado Cabello
President of the Constituent Assembly
Incumbent
Assumed office
19 June 2018
PresidentNicolás Maduro
Preceded byDelcy Rodríguez
Vice President of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela
Incumbent
Assumed office
11 December 2011
PresidentHugo Chávez
Nicolas Maduro
Preceded byPosition established
President of Venezuela
Acting
In office
13 April 2002 – 14 April 2002
Preceded byPedro Carmona (Acting)
Succeeded byHugo Chávez
Vice President of Venezuela
In office
13 January 2002 – 28 April 2002
PresidentHugo Chávez
Preceded byAdina Bastidas
Succeeded byJosé Vicente Rangel
6th President of the National Assembly
In office
5 January 2012 – 5 January 2016
President
Preceded byFernando Soto Rojas
Succeeded byHenry Ramos Allup
Governor of Miranda
In office
2004–2008
Preceded byEnrique Mendoza
Succeeded byHenrique Capriles Radonski
Minister of Interior and Justice
In office
28 April 2002 – 10 January 2003
Preceded byRamón Rodríguez Chacín
Succeeded byLucas Rincón Romero
Personal details
Born (1963-04-15) 15 April 1963 (age 61)
El Furrial, Monagas, Venezuela
Political party
  • MVR (1997–2008)
  • PSUV (2008–present)
SpouseMarlenys Contreras
Children4
ProfessionEngineer

Diosdado Cabello Rondón (born 15 April 1963)[1] is a Venezuelan politician, member of the National Assembly of Venezuela and a former Speaker of the country's legislature, and active member of the Venezuelan armed forces. He was involved in Hugo Chávez’s return to power after the 2002 coup d'état. He became a leading member of Chavez’s Movimiento V República (MVR), and remains a leading member of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela, into which MVR was merged in 2007. Governor of Miranda from 2004 to 2008, he lost the 2008 election to Henrique Capriles Radonski and was subsequently appointed Public Works & Housing Minister. In November 2009, he was additionally appointed head of the National Commission of Telecom, a position traditionally independent from the Ministry of Public Works and Housing.[2] In 2010, he was elected a member of parliament by his home state of Monagas. In 2011, President Hugo Chávez named him Vice-President of Venezuela’s ruling party, the PSUV.[3] In 2012, he was elected and sworn in as President of the National Assembly of Venezuela, the country’s parliament.[4]

Early life and education

Diosdado Cabello was born in El Furrial, in the state of Monagas.[1] His background is in engineering. He has an undergraduate degree in systems engineering from the Instituto Universitario Politécnico de las Fuerzas Armadas Nacionales[1] and a graduate degree in engineering project management from the Andrés Bello Catholic University.[1]

Military career

While at Instituto Universitario Politécnico de las Fuerzas Armadas Nacionales, Cabello befriended Hugo Chávez and they played on the same baseball team.[5]

During Chávez’s abortive coup d'état of February 1992, Cabello led a group of four tanks to attack Miraflores Palace.[5] Cabello was jailed for his participation in the coup, though President Rafael Caldera, who had prior knowledge of the coup, later pardoned him with the rest of the coup participants and Cabello was released after only two years without any charges.[6]

Political career

Cabello in 2013.

Following Chávez’s 1998 electoral victory, he helped set up the pro-Chávez grassroots civil society organizations known as "Bolivarian Circles" which have been compared to Cuba's Committees for the Defence of the Revolution and are parent organizations for the Colectivos. He was head of telecoms regulator Conatel during the time the market was opened to competition. In May 2001, he became Chavez' chief of staff, and was appointed Vice President by President Hugo Chávez on 13 January 2002, replacing Adina Bastidas.[6] As such, he was responsible to both the president and the National Assembly, and for the relations between the executive and legislative branches of the government.

On 13 April 2002, he took on the duties of the presidency on a temporary basis, replacing Pedro Carmona, head of the Venezuelan Chamber of Commerce, as interim president during the coup d'état attempt when Chávez was kept prisoner and was consequently absent from office.[7] Upon taking office, Cabello said that "I, Diosdado Cabello, am assuming the presidency until such time as the president of the republic, Hugo Chávez Frías, appears." A few hours later, Chávez was back in office. This made Cabello’s presidency the world’s second briefest, after that of Mexican President Pedro Lascuráin.

On 28 April 2002, Cabello was replaced as Vice President by José Vicente Rangel. Cabello was named interior minister in May 2002,[8] and then infrastructure minister in January 2003.

Miranda State Governor Election, 2008 Results
Source: CNE data
Candidates Votes %
Henrique Capriles Radonski 583.795 53,11%
Diosdado Cabello 506.753 46,10%

In October 2004, Cabello was elected to a four-year term as Governor of Miranda State. He lost the 2008 election to Henrique Capriles Radonski, and was subsequently appointed Public Works & Housing Minister. In November 2009 he was additionally appointed head of Conatel.[2]

On 11 December 2011, Cabello was installed as the Vice-President of the United Socialist Party (PSUV), thus becoming the second most powerful figure in the party after Hugo Chávez.[9]

Cabello was appointed president of the National Assembly in early 2012 and was re-elected to that post in January 2013.[10]

Cabello’s status after the death of Hugo Chávez was disputed. Some argue that Cabello was constitutionally required to be the acting President, but Nicolás Maduro held the position.[11]

TV program

Cabello has his own weekly program on state TV, Con el Mazo Dando (Hitting with the Sledge Hammer).[12][13] In that program, Cabello talks about the government's view on many political issues and presents accusations against the opposition. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) has expressed concerns about how the program has intimidated people that went to the IACHR denouncing the government.[14] Some Venezuelan commentators have compared the use of illegally recorded private conversations on programs such as Cabello's to the practices in place in the German Democratic Republic as shown in the film The Life of Others.[15]

Amnesty International has denounced the way in which Cabello has revealed details on the travel arrangements of two human rights defenders in his program and how he routinely shows state monitoring of people that may disagree with the government.[16]

Corruption allegations

Further information: Corruption in Venezuela § Diosdado Cabello

Cabello was nicknamed "the octopus" for having "tentacles everywhere".[17] He is very influential in the Venezuelan government, using a network of patronage throughout the military, ministries and pro-government militias.[17]

Information presented to the United States State Department by Stratfor claimed that Cabello was "head of one of the major centers of corruption in Venezuela."[18] A Wikileaked U.S. Embassy cable from 2009 characterized Cabello as a “major pole” of corruption within the regime, describing him as “amassing great power and control over the regime’s apparatus as well as a private fortune, often through intimidation behind the scenes.” The communiqué likewise created speculation that “Chavez himself might be concerned about Cabello's growing influence but unable to diminish it.”[19][20] He is described by a contributor to The Atlantic as the "Frank Underwood" of Venezuela under whose watch the National Assembly of Venezuela has made a habit of ignoring constitutional hurdles entirely—at various times preventing opposition members from speaking in session, suspending their salaries, stripping particularly problematic legislators of parliamentary immunity, and, on one occasion, even presiding over the physical beating of unfriendly lawmakers while the assembly was meeting.[19][21][22]

Nepotism

Cabello has been accused on several occasions of nepotism.[23] His wife, Marlenys Contreras, served as a member of the National Assembly until she became minister of tourism in 2015.[24] Cabello’s sister, Glenna, is a political scientist and current Counsellor of the Venezuelan Permanent Mission to the United Nations.[25] His brother, José David, previously minister of infrastructure, was later in charge of the nation’s taxes as head of SENIAT, Venezuela’s revenue service.[9] Now José David is minister of Industries.

Drug trafficking

Allegations of corruption involving Cabello includes being head of an international drug trafficking organization,[26][27] accepting bribes from Derwick Associates for public works projects in Venezuela,[18] using nepotism to reward friends and family members[19] and directing colectivos while paying them with funds from Petróleos de Venezuela.[28] In 2013, there were at least 17 formal corruption allegations lodged against Cabello in Venezuela's prosecutors office.[29]

On 27 January 2015, reports accusing Cabello of drug trafficking emerged.[30][31][32] In a series of investigations by the United States government, it was stated that Cabello's alleged involvement in the drug trade as the "capo" [sic] (head) of the Cartel of the Suns (Spanish Cartél de los soles), had also involved high-ranking generals of Venezuelan military.[33][34][35] Cabello has also been accused by the Human Rights Foundation president of corruption and drug trafficking.[36]

Assassination plot targeting Marco Rubio

In mid-July 2017, reporters in Washington, D.C. observed an increased security presence surrounding United States Senator Marco Rubio. A month later on 13 August 2017, The Miami Herald reported that Diosdado Cabello had initiated an assassination plot targeting Rubio, allegedly contacting Mexican nationals to discuss killing Rubio. Rubio, who is a critic of the Venezuelan government, has led an effort in the United States government to take action against corrupt officials of the Latin American government, often singling out Cabello. The Department of Homeland Security could not verify all of the details involved in the threat, though the plan was serious enough that multiple law enforcement agencies were contacted about the incident and Rubio's security detail had increased in size.[37]

Sanctions

Canada

On 22 September 2017, Canada sanctioned Cabello due to rupture of Venezuela's constitutional order.[38][39]

Switzerland

On 28 March 2018, Cabello was sanctioned by Switzerland due to "human rights violations and the deterioration of the rule of law and democratic institutions", freezing their funds and banning them from entering Switzerland.[40][41]

Panama

On 29 March 2018, Cabello was sanctioned by the Panamanian government for his alleged involvement with "money laundering, financing of terrorism and financing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction".[42]

United States

On 18 May 2018, the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) of the United States Department of the Treasury placed sanctions in effect against Cabello, his wife, his brother and his "testaferro" Rafael Sarria. OFAC stated that Cabello and others used their power within the Bolivarian government "to personally profit from extortion, money laundering, and embezzlement", with Cabello allegedly directing drug trafficking activities with Vice President of Venezuela, Tareck El Aissami while dividing profits with President Nicolás Maduro. The Office also stated that Cabello would use public information to track wealth individuals who were potentially drug trafficking and steal their drugs and property in order to get rid of potential competition.[43]

As a result of the sanctions, reports estimate that approximately $800 million worth of assets were frozen by the United States government. Cabello denied the reports, stating that it would be foolish to have assets located in a place where they could be seized.[44]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Vicepresidencia de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, Diosdado Cabello Rondón Archived 2010-12-26 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 19 April 2010
  2. ^ a b "Chavez eliminates autonomy of broadcasting commission," Informe21, Nov 11, 2009.
  3. ^ "Primer vicepresidente del PSUV: Diosdado Cabello". Agencia Venezolana de Noticias.
  4. ^ "Diosdado Cabello is the new president of the National Assembly". El Universal.
  5. ^ a b DeCórdoba, José; Forero, Juan (18 May 2015). "Venezuelan Officials Suspected of Turning Country into Global Cocaine Hub; U.S. probe targets No. 2 official Diosdado Cabello, several others, on suspicion of drug trafficking and money laundering". Dow Jones & Company Inc. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
  6. ^ a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-11-20. Retrieved 2009-01-08. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)"Chavez Dismisses Vice President," Associated Press, Jan 13, 2002.
  7. ^ His first order was to send a group of elite navy troops to rescue Mr Chavez, who was being held prisoner by renegade forces at a base on a Caribbean island. "Venezuela National Assembly chief: Diosdado Cabello". BBC News. 5 January 2013.
  8. ^ "Venezuela president names new cabinet", BBC News, May 6, 2002.
  9. ^ a b "Venezuela National Assembly chief: Diosdado Cabello". BBC News. 5 January 2013.
  10. ^ "Venezuela National Assembly re-elects Chavez ally Cabello". BBC News. 5 January 2013.
  11. ^ "Según la constitución venezolana Diosdado Cabello debería asumir el mando y llamar a elecciones". Diario Uno (in Spanish). Associated Press. 5 March 2013. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  12. ^ Program site
  13. ^ Venezuelan officials suspected of turning the country into global cocaine hub (Wall Street Journal)
  14. ^ IACHR Expresses Alarm over Intimidation in Venezuela directed against People Who Come before the Inter-American Human Rights System (OAS press release)
  15. ^ La Vida de los Otros (El Nacional) Archived 2015-06-21 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ Amnesty International report on TV program
  17. ^ a b Carroll, Rory (2013). Comandante : myth and reality in Hugo Chávez's Venezuela. Penguin Press: New York. pp. 122–123. ISBN 9781594204579.
  18. ^ a b "Demanda afirma que Diosdado Cabello recibió sobornos por $50 millones". El Nuevo Herald. 28 March 2014. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
  19. ^ a b c "The Frank Underwood of Venezuela". The Atlantic. 6 March 2014.
  20. ^ "Allegations of Minister Diosdado Cabello's Corruption Expanding to Financial Sector". Wikileaks. 20 July 2009.
  21. ^ [1]
  22. ^ "The Billion-dollar Fraud". The Economist. 10 August 2013.
  23. ^ Los dueños de la revolución (El Mundo, Spain)
  24. ^ "Diputada Marlenys Contreras: "La mujer venezolana es Socialista y Revolucionaria"". Asamblea Nacional. Archived from the original on 7 January 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  25. ^ "Assembly Hears Report from Sixth Committee". United Nations News and Media. 6 December 2010. Archived from the original on 7 January 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  26. ^ Maria Delgado, Antonio (26 January 2015). "Identifican a Diosdado Cabello como jefe del Cartel de los Soles". El Nuevo Herald. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  27. ^ Blasco, Emili J. (27 January 2015). "El jefe de seguridad del número dos chavista deserta a EE.UU. y le acusa de narcotráfico". ABC. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  28. ^ "NC COMMAND ATTACKS CRIMINAL TEAM: Diosdado Cabello-Freddy Bernal-Eliezer Otaiza". Ahora Vision. 29 March 2014. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  29. ^ [2] [3]
  30. ^ "El jefe de seguridad del número dos chavista deserta a EE.UU. y le acusa de narcotráfico". ABC (Spain). 27 January 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  31. ^ Antonio Maria Delgado (26 January 2015). "Identifican a Diosdado Cabello como jefe del Cartel de los Soles". El Nuevo Herald. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  32. ^ "Jefe de seguridad de Cabello habría huido a EE.UU. para acusarle de narcotráfico, según ABC". NTN24. 26 January 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  33. ^ Supuesta investigación señala que Diosdado Cabello sería jefe de cartel de narcotráfico
  34. ^ Diosdado Cabello y el “Cartel de los Soles”
  35. ^ Cartel de los Soles: Las rutas del narco de Diosdado
  36. ^ Presidente de Human Rights Foundation denuncia por corrupción a Diosdado Cabello
  37. ^ Mazzei, Patricia (13 August 2017). "Powerful Venezuelan lawmaker may have issued death order against Rubio". The Miami Herald. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  38. ^ "Venezuela sanctions". Government of Canada. 22 September 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  39. ^ "Canada sanctions 40 Venezuelans with links to political, economic crisis". The Globe and Mail. 22 September 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
  40. ^ "Swiss impose sanctions on seven senior Venezuelan officials". Reuters. 28 March 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  41. ^ "Estos son los funcionarios chavistas que sancionó el gobierno de Suiza". El Nacional (in Spanish). 28 March 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  42. ^ "Estos son los 55 "rojitos" que Panamá puso en la mira por fondos dudosos | El Cooperante". El Cooperante (in European Spanish). 2018-03-29. Retrieved 2018-04-01.
  43. ^ "Treasury Targets Influential Former Venezuelan Official and His Corruption Network". Office of Foreign Assets Control. United States Department of the Treasury. 18 May 2018. Retrieved 20 May 2018. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  44. ^ "Report: U.S. confiscated $800 million from top Venezuelan official". The Miami Herald. 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-15.
Political offices
Preceded by Vice President of Venezuela
13 January 2002 – 28 April 2002 		Succeeded by
Preceded by President of Venezuela
(Acting)
13 April 2002 – 14 April 2002 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of Interior and Justice
May 2002 – January 2003 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Governor of Miranda
2004–2008 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Fernando Soto Rojas
 President of the National Assembly
2012-2016 		Succeeded by
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