Donal McLaughlin
Donal McLaughlin (July 26, 1907 - September 27, 2009) was an American architect who played a major role in the design of the Flag of the United Nations.
Early life and education
McLaughlin was born on July 26, 1907, in Manhattan and was raised in the Bronx. His choice to pursue architecture mirrored that of his grandfather, James W. McLaughlin, who designed the Cincinnati Art Museum.[1] McLaughlin attended Yale University, where his thesis addressed the issues of circular design.[2] He graduated with a Bachelor of Architecture degree in 1933 from the Yale School of Architecture.[3] He earned an architecture diploma from the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design in 1937.[1]
Design career
After graduation, despite the difficult economic climate of the Great Depression, he was able to get a position with the National Park Service in Washington, D.C.. That led to positions in New York City with the industrial design firm of Raymond Loewy and Walter Dorwin Teague, where he worked on the Eastman Kodak and U.S. Steel pavilions at the 1939 New York World's Fair in New York.[3] He also designed the interior of Tiffany & Co.'s flagship store, located at Fifth Avenue and 57th Street in Manhattan, which has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[2]
During World War II, McLaughlin worked for the Office of Strategic Services, where he worked for "Wild Bill" Donovan, then head of the OSS as chief of graphics.[2] During the war, his group used visual design to help present information that could be easily understood, including Army orientation films and cigarette packages printed with instructions for derailing German trains. His team created the design for the courtroom used in the Nuremberg Trials, as well as the visual displays used by the prosecution that helped obtain convictions of Nazi war criminals.[3]
The organizers of the 1945 United Nations Conference on International Organization in San Francisco, California wanted an insignia that could be made into a pin to identify delegates that could also be used as a logo for the international event. United States Secretary of State Edward Stettinius, Jr. was chairman of the U.S. delegation, and realized that a temporary design might become the permanent symbol of the United Nations. He formed a committee headed by Oliver Lundquist that developed a design consisting of a world map surrounded by leaves from a design created by McLaughlin. McLaughlin and his fellow designers came up with about nine different designs. The one they chose had to fit on a circular pin that was one and one-sixteenth inches in diameter and McLaughlin referred back to his thesis, shifting the projection off center so that all of the countries fit. The continents were surrounded by olive branches to represent peace with the name, location and date of the conference on the outer edge.[2][4]
McLaughlin celebrated his 100th birthday on July 26, 2007. McLaughlin's father also reached the century mark, upon which the elder McLaughlin remarked that he had given up smoking cigarettes and drinking in his early 30s and credited his longevity to having "never exerted myself with too much work or ambition".[5]
Death
McLaughlin died on September 27, 2009, at the age of 102 in his home in Garrett Park, Maryland due to esophageal cancer. He was survived by two daughters, a son, six grandchildren and three great-grandchildren. He married the former Laura Nevius in 1937, who died in 1998.[1]
References
- ^ a b c Grimes, William. "Donal McLaughlin, Designer of United Nations Emblem, Dies at 102", The New York Times, October 2, 2009. Accessed October 2, 2009.
- ^ a b c d Bertram, Hulen. "Origin of the UNO Seal", The New York Times, March 10, 1946. Accessed January 4, 2009.
- ^ a b c Bierut, Michael. "The lapel pin that changed the world", Yale Arts & Culture, May / June 2007. Accessed January 4, 2008.
- ^ Lyons, Catherine. "UN Logo Designer Celebrates His Centennial", United Nations Association, c. 1975. Accessed January 4, 2009.
- ^ Goodman, George Jr. "Man Reaches 100 and Credits Sloth", The New York Times, December 19, 1975. Accessed January 4, 2009.