Belgian heraldry

This article is about the form of heraldry used in Belgium. For the country's own coat of arms, see Coat of arms of Belgium.

Brabantian Lion carried by Floris de Merode, Baron of Leefdael during the Funeral of Albert VII. This emblem of the dukes of Brabant is now the coat of arms of Belgium.

18th century roll of arms of members of the Drapery Court of Brussels.

Belgian heraldry is the form of coats of arms and other heraldic bearings and insignia used in the Kingdom of Belgium and the Belgian colonial empire but also in the historical territories that make up modern-day Belgium. Today, coats of arms in Belgium are regulated and granted by different bodies depending on the nature, status, and location of the armiger.

Characteristics

The characteristic of Belgian heraldry are similar to varying degrees to those of its neighbouring countries' (France, Netherlands, Germany).

Helms

Main article: Helmet (heraldry)

In Belgium, barred helms are most commonly used, and are not reserved for the nobility like in some jurisdictions. They most often have gold bars, as well as a gold collar and trim. They are often lined and attached to the escutcheon with a shield strap.

• 
  Barred helm with gold bars, collar, and trim.
• 
  All silver barred helm.
• 
  Jousting or tourney helms are sometimes also used, but are rarer. They are the only alternative accepted by the Council of Heraldry and Vexillology to the barred helmet.

Mottos

A distinct characteristic that is not found in anglo-saxon heraldry is that the motto, motto scroll and letters thereon are blazoned.

History

Belgian heraldry in the 16th century, displayed on the roll of arms of the knights of the Golden Fleece. Made in the first half of the 16th century.

Terminology

Like English and some other countries' heraldry, achievements of arms are usually blazoned in a specialized jargon.

Tinctures
English	Or	Argent	Azure	Gules	Vert	Purpure	Sable	Ermine	Vair
French	Or	Argent	Azur	Gueules	Sinople	Pourpre	Sable	Hermine	Vair
Dutch	Goud/Or	Zilver/Argent	Azuur/Lazuur (Blauw)	Keel (Rood)	Sinopel (Groen)	Purper	Sabel (Zwart)	Hermelijn	Vair

Ordinaries
English	Pale	Fess	Bend	Bend sinister	Cross	Saltire	Chevron	Bordure
French	Pal	Fasce	Bande	Barre	Croix	Sautoir	Chevron	Bordure
Dutch	Paal	Dwarsbalk	Schuinbalk	Linker schuinbalk or baar	Kruis	Schuinkruis or andrieskruis	Keper	Schildzoom

Division of the field
English	Party per fess	Party per pale	Party per bend	Party per bend sinister	Quarterly	Party per saltire
French	Coupé	Parti	Tranché	Taillé	Écartelé	En sautoir
Dutch	Doorsneden	Gedeeld	Geschuind	Linksgeschuind	Gevierendeeld (in vier kwartieren)	Schuin gevierendeeld

Civic heraldry

National arms

Main article: Coat of arms of Belgium

Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Belgium

Adopted 17 March 1837 Coronet Royal Crown of Belgium Crest A helmet with raised visor or Escutcheon Sable, a lion rampant or, armed and langued Gules Supporters Two lions guardant proper each supporting a lance Gules point or with two National Flags of Belgium (Tierced per pale Sable, or and Gules). Compartment Underneath the compartment is placed the ribbon Gules with two stripes Sable charged with the motto Motto L'union fait la force Orders The grand collar of the Order of Leopold Other elements Two crossed sceptres (a hand of justice and a lion) or behind a shield. The whole is placed on a mantle Gules with ermine lining, fringes and tassels Or and ensigned with the Royal Crown of Belgium. Above the mantle rise banners with the arms of the nine provinces that constituted Belgium in 1837. They are (from dexter to sinister) Antwerp, West Flanders, East Flanders, Liège, Brabant, Hainaut, Limburg, Luxembourg and Namur

Other versions

• 
  Middle version
• 
  Lesser or State coat of arms
• 
  Escutcheon and crown

Communities, regions, and language areas

• 
  Coat of arms of the Brussels-Capital Region.
• 
  Coat of arms of Flanders.
• 
  Coat of arms of Wallonia.
• 
  Coat of arms of the German-speaking Community.

Provinces

• 
  Antwerp
• 
  East-Flanders
• 
  Flemish Brabant
• 
  Hainaut
• 
  Liège
• 
  Limburg
• 
  Luxembourg
• 
  Namur
• 
  Walloon Brabant
• 
  West-Flanders

Municipal heraldry

Municipal heraldry is regulated through the competent council of the community in question, which are the Council of Heraldry and Vexillology for the French Community and the Flemish Heraldic Council for the Flemish Community.

• 
  City of Brussels
• 
  Antwerp
• 
  Ghent
• 
  Namur
• 
  Liege
• 
  Eupen

Colonial heraldry

• 
  Coat of arms of the Congo Free State.
• 
  Coat of arms of the Belgian Congo.
• 
  Coat of arms of Ruanda-Urundi.

Royal heraldry

The coats of arms of the Belgian royal family is currently regulated by a Royal Decree published on 19 July 2019 and signed on the same day, by King Philippe. This decree also reinstated the Saxonian escutcheon in all the royal versions of the family's coat of arms. The reinstatement of the shield of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha into the royal arms occurred shortly after the visit of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde to the ancestral Friedenstein Castle. The king also added translations of the motto into the three official languages of Belgium, to reflect his wish "to be the King of the whole Kingdom and of all Belgians". The latest royal decree therefore reverses previous changes made to the Royal versions of the coat arms which removed the armorial bearings of Saxony during the First World War.

Coats of arms of the King

• 
  Coat of arms of King Leopold I, 1831–1865
• 
  Coat of arms of Leopold II and Albert I, 1865–1921
• 
  Coat of arms of Albert I, Leopold III, Baudouin, Albert II, and Philippe, 1921–2019
• 
  Coat of arms of the reigning monarch since 2019, used by Philippe

Coats of arms of the Royal family

• 
  Coat of arms of a former king, used by Albert II
• 
  Coat of arms of a former queen regnant
• 
  Coat of arms of the Duke of Brabant
• 
  Coat of arms of the Duchess of Brabant, used by Princess Elisabeth
• 
  Coat of arms of a prince of Belgium
• 
  Coat of arms of a princess of Belgium
• 
  Coat of arms of a prince of the royal house
• 
  Coat of arms of a princess of the royal house
• 
  Coat of arms of the Royal House of Belgium
• 
  Lesser arms of the Royal House of Belgium

Council of Heraldry and Vexillology

Flemish Heraldic Council

Individuals and families

Like civic arms, arms of non-noble individuals and families (in the form of family associations) are regulated by the competent council of the community in question. These are the Council of Heraldry and Vexillology for the French Community and the Flemish Heraldic Council for the Flemish Community. Today, both councils grant a helm with torse and mantling as well as a motto as additaments of the shield. The additaments reserved for the nobility, such as crowned helmets (i.e. crest coronets) and rank crowns (coronets), supporters, banners and battle cries, mantles and pavilions, are prohibited.

Before that, the Genealogical and Heraldic Office of Belgium recorded the arms of persons and families.

• 
  Example of bourgeois (or burgher) arms: the coat of arms of the de Muyser Lantwyck family.
• 
  Coat of arms of the de Brabant family [fr]
• 
  Coat of arms of the Vander Borcht family [fr]
• 
  Arms of the Dewandre family [fr]

Nobility

Arms of the Belgian nobility are regulated by the Council of Nobility.

• 
  Coat of arms of the de Lannoy family with a princely mantle.
• 
  Coat of arms of the Empain Barons.
• 
  Coat of arms of the Counts d'Udekem d'Acoz
• 
  Example of banners on the arms of the de Norman et d'Audenhove family.

Coronets rankings

King

Crown prince

Prince

Duke

Marquess

Count

Viscount

Baron

Knight

Squire

See also

• National symbols of Belgium
• Leo Belgicus
• Burgher arms

Bibliography

Heraldic laws and customs in Belgium

• L. Arendt; A. De Ridder (1896). La législation héraldique de la Belgique (in French). Brussels.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• chevalier Braas, La législation nobiliaire en Belgique, Brussels, 1960.
• Claude Chaussier, Le droit ancien et actuel des armoiries non nobles en Belgique, Brussels: Éditions du S.C.G.D., 1980.
• Jean-Baptiste Christyn, Jurisprudentia Heroica, Brussels, 1668 and 1689.
• Georges Dansaert, ″L'Art Héraldique et ses diverses applications″, in: Nouvel armorial belge, Brussels, 1949, pp. 113–119.
• Georges Dansaert, ″Du droit de propriété des armoiries et de ses conséquences″, in: Nouvel armorial belge, Brussels, 1949, pp. 7–110.
• Lucien Fourez, Le droit héraldique dans les Pays-Bas catholiques, Brussels, 1932.
• Octave le Maire, "Diplômes d'armoiries bourgeoises conférées par le roi Guillaume", in: L'Intermédiaire des généalogistes, Brussels, n° 91, 1961, pp. 34–36.
• Pierre Nisot, Le droit des armoiries. Essai de systématisation et de construction théorique, préface de M. C. Terlinden, professeur à l'Université de Louvain, membre du Conseil héraldique de Belgique, membre de la Commission royale d'histoire, Brussels : P. Dyckmans, 1924.
• Jean Scohier, L'Estat et comportement des armes, Brussels, 1597.
• PANTENS, Chr., Le cri en héraldique, in: Le Parchemin, 58, 1993, n° 285, p. 171-184.
• VAN ORMELINGEN, J.-J., De toekenning van het adellijk wapen, in: Le Droit nobiliaire et le Conseil héraldique (1844–1994), Brussels, 1994, p. 139-169.
• DE MOFFARTS D'HOUCHENÉE, baron St., L'écartelé, mode de rappel, dans les armoiries concédées, d'armoiries d'une autre famille, in: Le Droit nobiliaire et le Conseil héraldique (1844–1994), Brussels, 1994, p. 221-234.
• HOUTART, J.-F. (ed.), Florilegium Heraldicae Belgicae (Fédération généalogique et héraldique de Belgique, Cahier 4), Brussels, 2004.
• VAN ORMELINGEN, J.-J., Enregistrement officiel d'armoiries en Belgique, in: A. VANDEWALLE, L. VIAENE-AWOUTERS & L. DUERLOO (eds.), Genealogica & Heraldica. Handelingen van het XXVI Internationaal Congres voor Genealogische en Heraldische Wetenschappen, Brussel/Bruxelles, 2006, p. 427-436 (cf. VAN ORMELINGEN, J.-J., L'enregistrement officiel des armoiries en Belgique, in: Bulletin de l'Association de la noblesse du Royaume de Belgique, n° 246, avril 2006, p. 3-14).
• Jules Bosmans, Traité d'héraldique belge, 1890.

Armorials

Individuals and families

• P. Bohet et H. Willems, Armorial belge, Brussels, 1965.
• Damien Breuls de Tiecken, Armorial bruxellois, Brussels, 2009.
• Georges Dansaert, Armorial belge du bibliophile (same with viscount de Jonghe d'Ardoye and J. Havenith), Brussels, 1930.
• Georges Dansaert, Nouvel armorial belge, ancien et moderne, précédé de l'art héraldique et ses diverses applications, Brussels : Éditions J. Moorthamers, 1949.
• Georges de Crayencour, Dictionnaire Héraldique, tous les termes et figures du blason, Brussels : G. de Crayencour, 1974 (first edition).
• Armorial héraldique vivante, in: Le Parchemin, Genealogical and Heraldic Office of Belgium, 2003.
• Jan van Helmont, Dictionnaire de Renesse. Lexique héraldique illustré, Louvain, 1994.
• Jean-Paul Springael, Armoiries de personnes physiques et d'association familiale en communauté française, edited by the direction of the Patrimoine culturel
• Carnet Mondain
• État présent de la noblesse belge [fr; nl]

Municipalities

• Lieve Viaene-Awouters and Ernest Warlop, Armoiries communales en Belgique, Communes wallonnes, bruxelloises et germanophones, 2002, 2 volumes.

External links

• Heraldry in Belgium on the website of the Genealogical and Heraldic Office of Belgium (in French)
• The Council of Nobility
• The Council of Heraldry and Vexillology
• The Flemish Heraldic Council