Drzewica Formation
Drzewica Formation | |
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Stratigraphic range: Late Pliensbachian ~ | |
Underlies | Komorowo Formation |
Overlies | Zagaje Formation, Lobez Formation |
Thickness | Up to ~100 m (330 ft) |
Lithology | |
Primary | Siliciclastic |
Location | |
Region | Szydłowiec |
Country | Poland |
The Drzewica Formation is a geologic formation in Szydłowiec, Poland. It is late Pliensbachian age. Vertebrate fossils have been uncovered from this formation.[1] The stathigraphic setting of the dinosaur tracks reported from the formation suggest a foreshore/fluvial barrier. Body fossils reported include bivalves, palynology, fossil trunks, roots. Trunks of coniferous wood, especially Cheirolepidiaceae and Taxodiaceae trees (with the possibility of early yet gigantic Sequoioideae members) show the occurrence of vast coniferous forests around the tracksite. The association of gigantic forests and dinosaur megafauna on the Pliensbachian suggests also a colder and specially damp ecosystem. As many studies of the formation share, Drzewica shows in part to be a gigantic shore barrel, setting at the time where the Polish basin sea was at its lowest point.[2] Other related units are Fjerritslev or Gassum Formation (Danish Basin), lower Bagå Formation (Bornholm), upper Neringa Formation (Lithuania). Abandoned informal units in Poland: upper Sawêcin beds, Wieluñ series, Bronów series..
Paleofauna
The Drzewica Formation was an ancient Shore Barrell of the European Liassic sea, or a coastal lake. This zone was at the Pliensbachian at lower levels, due to the lower level of the sea, making an environment probably surrounded by several marshes and water bodies. The report of an enormous quantity of footprints give the idea of this site as a pass for a big number of different animals. Those creatures reported from same age rocks of Germany or Siberia can also be present here, especially insects and other invertebrates. The presence of Pliensbachian common ammonoids and several vertebrate clades connects the marine fauna with similar environments of the same age across Europe.
Invertebrates
Blackish bivalves were reported from the formation. They may be evidence of an ancient water system.[1]
Ammonites
Color key
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Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|
T. loscombi |
Small (1,7 cm) cunch |
Fish
Unidentified fin spines are known from this formation.[1]
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|
Indeterminate[1] |
unknown |
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Indeterminate |
unknown |
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Indeterminate |
unknown |
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Indeterminate |
unknown |
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Indeterminate |
unknown |
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Indeterminate |
Partial specimen |
Maybe represents a new Pachycormifom. |
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Indeterminate |
Includes a partially complete right fin, caudal vertebrae and partial skull. |
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H. reticulatus |
unknown |
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S. occultidens |
unknown |
Amphibians
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|
Indeterminate[1] |
unknown |
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Indeterminate |
The former material resembles the South American genus Notobatrachus |
Anapsids
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|
Several partial shells |
Therapsida
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|
Indeterminate[1] |
unknown |
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Indeterminate |
Several Theeth |
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Indeterminate |
Lower Jaw |
Crocodrylomorpha
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|
Indeterminate[1] |
unknown |
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Indeterminate[1] |
Partial Skull & Postcranial elements. |
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Indeterminate |
Humerus & lower jaw |
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Indeterminate |
Frontal Skull & several caudal vertebrae |
Dinosaurs
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|
Indeterminate |
Footprints |
5 cm footprints referred to an early ornitischian. |
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Indeterminate |
Footprints |
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Indeterminate |
Footprints |
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Indeterminate |
Footprints |
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Indeterminate |
Footprints |
35 mm footprints referred to a non-avian Theropod. |
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Indeterminate |
Footprints |
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Indeterminate |
Footprints |
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Indeterminate |
Footprints |
Gigantic 60 cm footprints from a non-avian Theropod. |
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Indeterminate |
34–45 mm Footprints |
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Indeterminate |
Footprints |
Distinctive crouching theropod trace, suggested a Feather ingument on Dilophosauroids or relatives[6] |
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Indeterminate |
Footprints |
Plants
There is a big quantity of fossil wood and plants, related to genus found across Europe at the same age, or the Lias in general. The Drzewica environment however, looks to be a more dense ecosystem than those found at the same age Denmark or Italy, creating a landscape with probably more relation of those present on the Middle-Late Jurassic. If the presence of the family Sequoiacedae is confirmed, Drzewica will be the earliest appearance of the members of this group. A problematical plant[7] has been reported from the Formation. This taxon has a morphology that resembles schizeacean ferns, but also that of Aethophyllum stipulare from Anisian of France.
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Genus | Species | Location | Material | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
unknown |
specimens |
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E. lobifolia |
specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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O. mimetes |
specimens |
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Indeterminate |
specimens |
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Indeterminate |
specimens |
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|
specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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Indeterminate |
specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
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specimens |
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Pienkowski, Grzegorz (2008). "Preliminary report about spectacular late Pliensbachian dinosaur tracksite from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. The 5th International Symposium of IGCP 506, Marine and non-marine Jurassic: global correlation and major geological events". 110-111.
{{cite journal}}
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(help) - ^ Pieńkowski, G. The epicontinental Lower Jurassic of Poland. Polish Geol. Institute Special Papers, 12, 154 pp (2004).https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235640988_The_epicontinental_Lower_Jurassic_of_Poland?tab=overview
- ^ Pienkowski, Grzegorz (2014): The first Early Jurassic ammonite find in central Poland. Volumina Jurassica, 2014, XII (1): 99–104:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/297380409_The_first_Early_Jurassic_ammonite_find_in_central_Poland
- ^ Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki,Zbyszek Remink: Gigantic theropod dinosaur footprints from the Upper Pliensbachian of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland [in Polish with English abstract].Article in Przeglad Geologiczny 56(9):823-825 · September 2008
- ^ Jesper Milàn, Finn Surlyk. 2014: An enigmatic, diminutive theropod footprint in the shallow marine Pliensbachian Hasle Formation, Bornholm, Denmark
- ^ a b "A distinctive crouching theropod trace from the Lower Jurassic of Poland". Geological Quarterly. 53(4): 23–281.
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ignored (help) - ^ Gierliñski, G.D., Ploch, I., Sabath, K., Ziaja, J., 2006. An Early Jurassic problematical plant from the Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland. Prz. Geol. 54, 139–141. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289572652_An_Early_Jurassic_problematical_plant_from_the_Holy_Cross_Mountains_central_Poland
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y {{citeW. Karaszewski. 1965. O srodkowoliasowym wieku flory z Chmielowa pod Ostrowcem i jej znaczeniu dla stratygrafii kontynentalnej jury [On the Middle Liassic age of the flora from Chmielow, near Ostrowiec (central Poland) and its significance for stratigraphy of the continental Jurassic]. Kwartalnik Geologiczny 9(2):261-270 }}