Edward Clive, 1st Earl of Powis

The Right Honourable The Earl of Powis PC
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
In office 21 November 1805 – 12 March 1806
Monarch	George III
Preceded by	The Earl of Hardwicke
Succeeded by	The Duke of Bedford

Edward Clive, 1st Earl of Powis, PC (7 March 1754 – 16 May 1839), known as the Lord Clive between 1774 and 1804, was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1774 to 1794 when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Clive.

Early life

Powis was the eldest son of Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive ("Clive of India") and his wife Margaret Maskelyne, daughter of Edmund Maskelyne. He was born at Queen's Square, Bloomsbury, London, and was educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford.

Political career

Clive succeeded his father as Baron Clive of Plassey co Clare in 1774. However, as this was an Irish peerage, it did not entitle him to a seat in the British House of Lords (although it did entitle him to a seat in the Irish House of Lords). At the 1774 general election he was elected as Member of Parliament for Ludlow, a seat he held until 1794. He was a member of the Board of Agriculture in 1793.

On 13 August 1794, Clive was created Baron Clive, of Walcot in the County of Shropshire, in the Peerage of Great Britain, and consequently took his seat in the House of Lords. Almost certainly this was a belated act of contrition by the Crown for the lack of recognition to his father,

Clive had a distinguished career in India where he was Governor of Madras from 1798 to 1803, returning home to the thanks of both Houses of Parliament.

On 14 May 1804 he was further created Baron Powis of Powis Castle co Montgomery, Baron Herbert of Chirbury co Salop, Viscount Clive of Ludlow co Salop, and Earl of Powis co Montgomery, a revival of the title which had become extinct on the death of his brother-in-law, George Herbert, 2nd Earl of Powis, in 1801.

Edward Clive also served as Lord Lieutenant of Shropshire from 1775 to 1798 and from 1804 to 1839 and as Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire from 1804 to 1830. He was Recorder of the boroughs of Shrewsbury in 1775, and Ludlow in 1801. He was colonel of the Shropshire Militia in 1775 and of the South Shropshire Militia in 1809; along with the other militia colonels he was granted brevet rank as colonel in the British Army in 1794.

Family

Before his elevation to the Earldom of Powis, he married Lady Henrietta, daughter of Henry Herbert, 1st Earl of Powis, in 1784. Their children were:

• Lady Henrietta Antonia Williams-Wynn (d. 1835), wife of Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, 5th Baronet
• Edward Herbert, 2nd Earl of Powis (1785–1848), 2nd Earl of Powis
• Lady Charlotte Florentia Percy (1787–1866), wife of Hugh Percy, 3rd Duke of Northumberland, and governess of the future Queen Victoria
• Robert Henry Clive (1789–1854), a politician

Lord Powis lived at Walcot Hall, an estate purchased by his father from the Walcot family in 1764.

Lady Powis died on 3 June 1830, aged 71. Lord Powis survived her by nine years and died at his London home, 45 Berkeley Square, on 16 May 1839, aged 85. He was buried at Bromfield parish church, near his Oakley Park property. His obituary in the Annual Register calls him:

Remarkable for his physical vigour, and though he spent some years in India and lived freely, he might be seen, when about eighty, digging in his garden at six o'clock in the morning in his shirt sleeves. He was apparently well the day before his death.

References

• Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages
• Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs

External links

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Earl of Powis